Chii chinonzi chirongwa? Mabasa ezvirongwa. Mhando yezvirongwa zveWindows

Nezve purogiramu, munguva yedu, zvichida, zvose zvinozivikanwa. Mushure mezvose, ma PC uye mapiktori anowanikwa munenge misha yese. Kunyange zvakadaro, tinopa tsanangudzo chaiyo. Purogiramu inongedzo yemirayiridzo yakatarwa pamapuraneti. Muchifananidzi chezwi iri ndeye "kushanda", "soft". Kuzara kwezvirongwa zvose zvakasungirirwa pamagetsi ehurumende kunonzi software.

Operating system structure

Saka, chii chirongwa, takaziva. Inotarisira basa rezvose zvinoshandiswa pakushandisa system, iyo ine ushandisi-yakagadzikana sarudzo. Cheropi kombiyuta inotanga uye inonyanya chigadziro chakatarwa kuchengetedza nekugadzirisa mafaira akasiyana-siyana anodiwa kumushandisi. Nokuda kwekutsvaga ruzivo, zvinyorwa zvakasiyana siyana zvakasikwa, zvinonziwo zvinyorwa kana mafaira. Saka:

1. Ifaira inzvimbo yekombiyuta yekuyeuka umo chero ruzivo rwuri kuchengetwa. Inogona kuva magwaro, mimhanzi, video uye, zvechokwadi, mapurogiramu. Firipi imwe neimwe ine zita rayo, iyo ine zvikamu zviviri. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vashandi kuwana ruzivo. Yokutanga ndiro zita chaiyo, wechipiri ndiyo kuwedzera, kuratidza rudzi rwefaira. Kujekesa chinangwa chefaira, munhu mumwe chete kune vatatu anogona kushandiswa.
2. Faira inzvimbo inokosha pane disk, umo mafaira ari kuunganidzwa, ruzivo pamusoro pehukuru hwavo, nguva yekugadzirisa kwekupedzisira, nezvimwe. Iyo nyanzvi inogona kuva nezvimwe zvinyorwa neefaira. Nokudaro, rinoshanduka rudzi rwe "muti" unoita kuti ushande neruzivo zviri nyore.

Mhando dzekushandisa dzinoshandiswa pamakombiyuta

Pazvinhu zvemazuva ano zvemagetsi zvinogona kuiswa zvakasiyana siyana zvekushanda. Chaizvoizvo, zvinotevera mapurogiramu anoshandiswa:

1. General software. Kune iyi chikamu ndechekutanga OS pachayo. Izvo zvose zvikamu zvezvirongwa zvinopa huwandu hwemakombiyuta ekugadzirisa. Uyewo, kune software yakawanda inogona kuve yakanzi programming systems - zvishandiso zvekugadzirisa / kukanganisa nekuita mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinosanganisira zviyero zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa kombiyuta - iyo inonzi chirongwa chekuchengeta.
2. Application software. Kune iyi inonyanya kukosha DBMS - mishonga yakagadzirirwa kushanda nedatabases. Rudzi rwechipiri rwehuwandu, iyo inonzi ndeyemhando iyi, ndiyo inyanzvi yehuchenjeri.
3. Mabasa epurogiramu yerudzi urwu ndeye, kutanga kwezvose, kombiyuta yekuenzanisa kwekufunga kwevanhu. Ndizvo zvinoshandiswa zvinopa mukana weku "kutaurirana" pakati pekombiyuta uye munhu mumutauro wepanyama nekuda kwechirevo chekupedzisira.
4. Nzira dzokushandisa. Zvirongwa zvemhando iyi zvinowanzozivikanwa nevashandisi vese vepakombiyuta. Ichi chikamu chinosanganisira magwaro nemagetsi vashanduri, e-mail, marudzi akasiyana ehurongwa hwehutano hwezvekambani, nezvimwe zvakadaro.

Ndeipi mapurogiramu akasika?

Ichave yakakosha kune vese vadzidzisi vezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kuti vazive chete kuti chirongwa ndechei, asiwo kuti yakasikwa sei. Icho chiitiko chekugadzira zvinyorwa chinonzi programming, uye vanhu vanozvisika ndivo mapurogiramu. Nezvekuzivikanwa kwezvinhu zvemagetsi, umo zvigadzirwa zvepurogiramu zvakasiyana siyana zvinogona kushandiswa, basa iri riri munguva yedu zvisingawanzodi kudiwa. Paunenge uumba mapurogiramu, mitauro yakasiyana-siyana yakarongwa inoshandiswa. Muzhinji vavo, magwaro matsvene anowanikwa nemirairo inokosha inotsanangura imwe sarudzo.

Iyo inozivikanwa zvikuru yekushanda system

Makombiyuta akawanda emazuva ano anoshandisa Windows. Yakasikwa nevanyanzvi veMicrosoft Corporation uye inonyanya kukoshesa kushandiswa kwemifananidzo yakajeka inonyatsonzwisiswa kune mumwe munhu anoshanda. Maererano nenhare yeNetmarketshare yegore ra2013, iyi OS yakaiswa pa 90% yemakombiyuta emazuva ano.

Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana, mhuri mbiri dzegadziriro iyi inoshandiswa yakashandiswa. Yokutanga yaiva Windows 9x, ikozvino inoshandisa Windows NT. Nhasi iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndiyo purogiramu yakakosha yemhuri iyi - Windows 7. Muitiko apo munhu anoshandisa kombiyuta kana laptop neAs already akanzi OS, achafanirwa kushanda naye munguva yemberi.

Mapurogiramu anozivikanwa zvikuru eWindows 7

Zvirongwa zvakagadzirwa nokuda kweWindows, pane kungowanikwa chete. Uye kutaura kuti ndeupi kune avo vanozivikanwa zvikuru pakati pevashandi zvakaoma zvikuru. Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvemazuva ano uye zvinowanzoshandiswa panguva ino, zvechokwadi, Skype. Created iyi purogiramu yakanga isati yambove yakareba kare - muna 2003 uye pakarepo yakakunda mwoyo yevashandisi. Nhasi inowanika pamativi ose emakombiyuta.

Chimwe chikumbiro, chinowanzoshandiswa panguva ino, iSQ. Munyika yedu, inowanzoshandiswa pakukurukurirana kuburikidza neInternet. Izvi zvichida nekuda kwekuti kushanda ne Skype kunoda kukwana zvakakwana kushamwaridzana nokukurumidza. Vazhinji vevashandisi veRussia vanoshandisa foni yekukurukurirana, iyo inononoka panyaya iyi.

Skype neIQ ndiyo mapurogiramu anozivikanwa zvikuru e 7th version ye Windows, inotarisirwa kuyanana. Mukuwedzera kwavari, iyo inowanzoshandiswa Flash Player ndiyo yekushandira yekutsvaga mafirimu nekuteerera mimhanzi. Pasina purogiramu iyi, hazvibviriwo kuona mhando dzakasiyana dzemabhanhire iyo Internet iripo yakazara nayo.

Pirated software

Kuzivikanwa kwepurogiramu munyika yemazuva ano hakukwanisi asi kunokonzera mafungu ezvisikwa zvemakopi uye makopi asingabvumirwi nemutemo. Sezvo "vashandi" vakagadzira nzira dzakawanda dzekugoverwa kwekugadzirisa kwechigadzirwa chakadai, kutsvaga uye kurangwa kwevatori vechikamu mune bhizimisi iri risina mvumo zvakaoma zvikuru. Mushure mezvose, chokwadi, mutoro wekudzivirira nekushandisa makopi akavharidzirwa anogara neuto guru revashandisi vese.

Saka, chii chirongwa uye, chinonyanya kukosha, chii ichocho, iwe zvino unonzwisisa. Zvirongwa zvinoita kuti basa pakombiyuta rive nyore uye rinonakidza, rakagadzira nhamba huru. Zvechokwadi, kushanda kusina kukanganisa kunogona kupa bedzi chigadzirwa chebvumirano chemhando iyi.