Carburetor - chii ichi? Musimboti oparesheni, kushandiswa

Munyaya ino uchadzidza pamusoro mafuta jekiseni hurongwa. Carburetor - ndiwo mashandiro wokutanga, izvo anobvumira kubatanidza iri raida kukura peturu pamwe mhepo-huni muvhenganiswa yako uye unokupai nayo injini combustion yomukati. mano aya anoshandiswa chaizvo uye nanhasi - musi midhudhudhu, Chainsaws, mowers uye zvichingodaro. Ndizvo chete motokari indasitiri, havana nguva yave kwaidarika injector jekiseni mugadziriro, zvikuru yepamusoro uye akaoma.

Chii kabhureta?

Carburetor - ndiwo mudziyo kuti mixes mafuta uye mhepo, rinobvisa kunoguma musanganiswa mune imwe yaunodya zhinji pamusoro womukati injini. carbs Early vaishanda chete kubvumira mhepo iyerere pamusoro pemvura mafuta (panyaya - peturu). Asi vakawanda vavo vari Papera anoparadzirwa ane metered yakawanda mafuta mumhepo rukova. mhepo iyi inopfuura nomunyika mokugezera. Nokuti carburetor mamiriro zvikamu izvi zvinokosha chaizvo.

The carburetor kwave hweBazi kuti nokusanganisa huni uye mhepo iri womukati injini kusvikira 1980s, kana iri chokwadi pamusoro efficacy kushandiswa kwayo. Kana combustion peturu yaibereka choutsi zhinji kunokuvadza. Nepo carburetors zvaishandiswa muUnited States, Europe uye dzimwe dzakabudirira kusvikira makore kuma1990, vaishanda pamwe chete mamwe yakaoma kuzvidzora gadziriro kuti zvinodiwa kuti girinihausi gasi choutsi.

History of budiriro

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana carburetors kunge yakataurwa mapiyona anoverengeka vari motokari indasitiri, kusanganisira injiniya German Karl Benz, ari yeAustria muvambi Siegfried Marcus, imwe nyanzvi Chirungu Frederick W. Lanchester, uye vamwe. Nekuti nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kudaro kusanganiswa mhepo uye huni vave kushandiswa mumakore okutanga nezvokuvapo uye kukura mumotokari (uye pakutanga mira peturu injini vaishandisa carburetors), zviri zvakaoma kuziva ndiani vakatanga mudziyo uyu akaoma.

marudzi carburetors

Early mazano chakasiyana huru nokushanda nzira. Vanosiyanawo kubva yakawanda ano, uyo akatonga kuti zvikuru remakore rechimakumi maviri. Modern Chainsaw carburetor nokuda pfapfaidzo mhando, uye zvakafanana zvinoshandiswa motokari ano. Pakutanga, nhoroondo, saka kutaura, pakuvaka inogona rakakamurwa mhando mbiri huru:

1. Pamusoro-mhando carburetors.
2. Mwaya carburetor.

Funga navo zvizere gare gare.

pamusoro carburettors

Zvose mangwanani mazano vaiva pamusoro carburetor, kunyange vakasiyana zvikuru muchikwata ichi. Somuenzaniso, Zigfrid Markus akatanga chinhu inonzi "kugadzira bhurasho-carb" muna 1888. Uye Frederick Lanchester yakatanga ake unopfungaira carburetor mhando muna 1897.

First carburetor ichiyangarara yakanga yakagadzirwa muna 1885 na Wilhelm Maybach uye Gottlieb Daimler. Karl Benz patented ichiyangarara-mhando carburetor uyewo pamusoro iyoyowo. Asi, izvi mazano vokutanga vaiva pamusoro carburetor kuti vakashanda nokuisa mhepo pamusoro mafuta pamusoro kuti kusanganisa navo. Asi nei tichifanira kuva carburetor injini? Pasina haina kubudirira inosimbisa huni muvhenganiswa kuti combustion (injector negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore zvakanga isati kuzivikanwa) Sero.

Vazhinji pemvura mano kushanda pedyo nyore kwemvura. Asi kwaiva nedzimwe carbs vakazivikanwa sezvo namano kuti anoshanda tichiregeredza "blistering" (anonziwo Sefa carburetors). Vanoshanda uchiitema mhepo kuti kwira kuburikidza pasi pekamuri nemafuta. Izvi zvinoguma musanganiswa mhepo uye mafuta pamusoro unorema pamusoro peturu. Uye muvhenganiswa iri dzakwidzwa vakanwa kupinda yaunodya zvawanda.

pfapfaidzo carburetor

Kunyange siyana pamusoro carburettors vakanga hune ose okutanga emakore mumotokari, pfapfaidzo carburetor vakatanga kugara chinokosha niche iri kwezana 19-20th emakore. Pane kuvimba kwemvura, carburettors izvi chaizvoizvo sprayed kubva metered yakawanda mafuta mumhepo iyo yave vakanwa mumhepo yaunodya. Izvi ichiyangarara carburetors inoshandiswa (sezvo Maybach uye kwokutanga mazano Benz). Asi vakaita pahwaro of Bernoulli nheyo uye Venturi kushanda sezvo ano mano dzakadai carburetor K-68.

Mumwe aerosol carburetors subtypes ndiye anonzi kumanikidzwa carburetor. Akatanga akaonekwa 1940s. Kunyange zvazvo kumanikidzwa carburetors akafanana aerosol chete externally, ivo chaizvoizvo vaiva kare mienzaniso kumanikidzwa mafuta jekiseni mano (injectors). Panzvimbo kuvimba venturi mugumisiro kuti muchayamwa mafuta kubva kamuri, kumanikidzwa chinotsva sprayed kubva carburetor vharuvhu iri rinenge sezvakaitwa injectors ano. Carburetors akazova kunzwisisa munguva 1980s uye kuma1990.

Ko "carb"?

"Carb" - chiri Chirungu shoko iri rinobva pashoko carbure izwi mu French - ". Carbide" carburer French kunongoreva "kubatanidza (chinhu) ne kabhoni." Saizvozvowo, Chirungu shoko "carburetor" zvazviri rinoreva "nokuwedzera kabhoni tigutsikane."

Saizvozvowo, carburetor unoshanda K-68, yaishandiswa nokuda mhando "Tula" Scooters (gare gare "Ant"), midhudhudhu "Ural" uye "Dnepr".

zvinoriumba

mhando dzose carburetors vaine zvinoriumba. Asi ano mano anoverengeka nevakawanda zvatariswa, kusanganisira:

1. Mhepo Ndima (venturi chubhu).
2. The throttle vharafu.
3. Solenoid idling.
4. Kuwedzera pombi.
5. mukamuri kabhureta (chikuru, ichiyangarara, uye zvichingodaro).
6. The ichiyangarara mashandiro.
7. The Kamudzira carburetor sehuni chinja.
8. The tikagadziridza screws.

Sei munhu carburetor?

mhando dzose carburetors basa zvenhengo dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, nembato-mhando carburetors basa, kumanikidza mhepo kuyambuka pemvura gasi-akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya tambo dzaisveta. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti kwemvura kuti peturu mudenga. Asi nembato mhando mano (uye vamwe pamusoro) vari zvisingachashandi anopfuura zana apfuura.

carburetors Most zvinoshandiswa nevanhu motokari nhasi vanoshandisa pfapfaidzo mashandiro. Ivo vose kushanda saizvozvo. Modern carburetors basa nokuda Venturi zvazviri kuwana mafuta kubva yomukati.

Mirayiridzo inokosha carburetor

Carbs, iyo inotorwa Bernoulli pfungwa, vane zvimwe zvinhu. Air nevezera kuchinja oneka uye zvakananga novimba sei zvakasimba riri kutofamba. Izvi zvinokosha, nokuti mhepo ndima achishandisa carburetor unotora rakamanikana, constricted venturi. Zvakakodzera rikurumidze mumhepo sezvo ichipfuura nawo.

Wokufema (kwete muvhenganiswa aibuda) kuburikidza carburetor inotongwa ane akisarareta chitiviri. Rinobatanidzwa ane throttle vharafu riri carburetor, nokubatsira netambo. vharafu ichi anovhara venturi kana akisarareta chitiviri harishandiswi, uye Unodziurawo kana chitiviri ichi rikazvisundira. Izvi zvinobvumira mhepo iyerere kubudikidza venturi. Saka, zvakawanda mafuta wavhomorwa kubva mukamuri kuti nokusanganisa. On nhungamiro dzakadaro uye anotsanangura basa carburetor.

carburetors Most vane chimwezve vharafu pamusoro venturi (kunonzi kachidza, iyo anoita sezvo yechipiri throttle). The throttle anoramba ubatanidzwewo namahwindo kana injini ushamwari, izvo zvinoderedza uwandu mhepo anogona kupfuura kupinda kabhureta. Izvi zvinoguma akapfuma musanganiswa mhepo / mafuta reshiyo, saka throttle akasvinura (manually kana kwaita) panongovira injini inotanga kudziya uye havachazofaniri kuva mupfumi musanganiswa.

Other zvinoriumba kabhureta hurongwa vari arongera nokuita mumhepo-huni muvhenganiswa panguva dzakasiyana-siyana uchishandisa mamiriro. Somuenzaniso, zviri cardinality vharuvhu kana metering tsvimbo kungawedzera uwandu huni kusango throttle, kana kunoitika semhinduro pasi kumanikidzwa vari Vacuum ino (kana chaiko throttle nzvimbo). Carburetor - iri chinhu chakaoma uye hwaro huchishanda mumuviri zvakaoma.

matambudziko

Zvimwe zvinetso carburetors zvinogona kugadziriswa nokuchinja mhepo ichibhabhamisa, musanganiswa kana usimbe, apo vamwe zvinoda kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa. Kazhinji Worn carburetor Kamudzira hunoguma kupomba peturu mumba.

Kana carburetor rapera, injini hakushandi zvakanaka pasi zvimwe ezvinhu. Zvimwe zvinetso kabhureta hurongwa kukonzera kukundikana injini, haigoni anowanzoita kuti idling pasina rubatsiro (semuenzaniso, kudhirowa kana kubvisa podgazovki kuramba). The matambudziko Inonyanya munguva chando mwaka, kana injini ndiyo yakaoma zvikuru kushanda. A carburetor, vanoshandira havaratidzi kuti chando injini anogona kushanda anowanzoita kana kupisa (ichi imhaka matambudziko coking makwara).

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti carburetor kuti motoblock waro sezvamunoita kwakafanana nemotokari. Musiyano kwenhamba zvinhu zvavo hukuru. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, rimwe dambudziko carburetor zvinogona kugadziriswa manually nokugadzirisa musanganiswa kana idling nokukurumidza. Nokuda kwaizvozvi musanganiswa unowanzoonekwa kugadziridzwa nokuda majana mumwe kana kupfuura screws. Vakaisa tsono mavharuvhu. screws izvi dzinoita panyama reposition tsono vharuvhu, uye izvi zvinotungamirira kuti uwandu huni zvingaderedzwa (dzakaonda muvhenganiswa) kana ukawedzera (kunowedzerwa muvhenganiswa) zvichienderana chaiyo ezvinhu.

carburetor Repair

Matambudziko akawanda carburetor gadziriro zvinogona kugadziriswa kuchinja kana kuita mamwe makwapa akasvibirika pasina yamunobvisira mudziyo kubva muinjini. Kuchinja kabhureta nokuda motoblock, hapana chikonzero arubvise. Asi zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kugadziriswa chete nokubviswa kweguyo dzizere kana kukwana ayo kupora. Recovery nokushanda kabhureta zvinowanzosanganisira nokubviswa anovhara, disassembling nayo migove, uye rakagadzirirwa kunyanya kuchenesa ane solvent kuti chinangwa ichi.

Several dzakawanda zvinoriumba, nemicherechedzo nezvimwe zvikamu ipapo zvakafanira kuti kutsiva pamberi installation. Chete pashure kwazvo kurapa zvakafanira akakokera carburetor uye kutsiva. Kupedza unhu basa, unofanira kugadzira zvi- nokuda carburetor. Unosanganisira zvose rinokosha kugadzira zvinhu.

Saka, takaona kuti carburetor - rinoreva zano iyo inowedzera fuel (huni) mumhepo uye anonunura musanganiswa injini combustion yomukati.