Bone densitometry uye osteoporosis - mumwe mukana kuwana pachine pamusoro chirwere

Osteoporosis - zvokurwara, umo mapfupa vanorasikirwa calcium, nokudaro achiva haungatani kuputsika. Kana pane muduku dzechimwe chinhu vanogona deform kana kuvhuna. Zvakakanganisika tenda kuti hosha rinowanikwa mune vanhu vane miviri vari kuita rwakakwana huwandu calcium. Ichi hachisi chokwadi. Osteoporosis hwapedyo kunyange aine nekumwisa zvisaririra zvinhu zvokudya. Chikonzero chichiwedzera mapfupa fragility iri kushomeka Absorção de Água calcium mapfupa kana "washout".

The etiology pamusoro osteoporosis

The arambe achirema kuti mapfupa kunoenderana uwandu bonde mahormone. Varume, testosterone kupfuura vakadzi, saka mapfupa avo vari mukobvu zvikuru uye kusimba. Somugumisiro, osteoporosis inowanzoshandiswa chirwere nevakadzi, kunyanya mu kubereka, nekuti panguva iyoyo pachiyero mahormone ipfupi yekudyidzana.

Pakati pezvimwe zvikonzero, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa hypodynamia osteoporosis, kushaya vhitamini D, vachinwa waini, kusvuta, kuvapo chisingaperi zvirwere (chirwere cheshuga, thyroid maronda, chisingaperi chiropa chirwere uye itsvo).

How kuziva osteoporosis?

Kana munhu anoti kuneta uye mapfupa kurwadziwa, kuchinja mamiriro uye gait, bvudzi kufirwa uye kwakakura pameno, uyewo kakawanda mitswe, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti densitometry. Ichi kukurumidza uye zvachose nyarara muedzo kuti unobvumira kutsanangura kuyera kurasikirwa pfupa arambe achirema uye chicherwa tigutsikane kumisa uye kuyera mukana mitswe. Izvi zvinonyanya inonyatsoziva rinovharidzira nzira kuti mangwanani chirwere kuti osteoporosis.

Musimboti densitometry ari candling pfupa asingaoneki X-ray. Muchiitiko chino, shandisa pasi dose kuti ionizing mwaranzi kununurwa nenzira mbiri simba Rwako, izvo rinobvumira kutsanya uye yakarurama kuongorora.

Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti pfupa densitometry dzinoratidzwa nemwaranzi dose, iyo ipfupi kushoma (zviri asingasviki 1/10 pamusoro dose kuti varwere vakawana panguva mureza bhokisi radiography).

Kana riri densitometry

Zvairatidza kuti kuongorora uku ndivo zvinotevera inoti:

• mangwanani kubereka kana kubereka, kunoitika vakadzi dzinotevera kumira kumwedzi;
• kuvapo renal kukundikana;
• chisingaperi chiropa chirwere;
• kurapwa kwenguva refu pamwe glucocorticoids;
• inotonhorera malabsorption chirwere, iyo inotungamirira karusiyamu kushaikwa;
• pfupa densitometry iri kuitwa pamberi dzinonzi rheumatoid arthritis, hyperparathyroidism uye hyperadrenocorticism uyewo hypothyroidism uye cheshuga.

Kana pane mitswe zvidiki kunotevera, zviri zvakare chiratidzo nokuda ongororo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kutyora kuvimbika mapfupa ari osteoporosis akazoita upenyu hunotarisira varwere kunyange kupfuura nekenza, saka vachinyatsoziva vasabatwa chirwere kunokosha zvikuru. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko zviratidzwa nhaka siyana zvokurwara ichi.

Bone densitometry: Key

Pane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kuti Detective osteoporosis, asi avo kushandiswa ishoma chaizvo. Saka, okunatsiridza akasiyana-siyana MRI vari zvinodhura, quantitative computed tomography anopa refu dose nemwaranzi, kudzidza kuMudzidzisi nokukanganisika indices pfupa muviri inozivikanwa zvinokosha zvakasiyana pamutemo data, uye murwere anonzwa kusagadzikana kana mapfupa biopsy. Kana iri zvokuongorora kuti osteoporosis, densitometry ndiyo nzira zvikuru nevanhu.

Used nzira nhatu huru kuti zvakatangwa uchikumbira vasabatwa chirwere ichi:

• X-ray absorptiometry;
• Ultrassom densitometry;
• peripheral computed tomography (ane chinokosha drawback - haabvumiri kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu axial mapfupa marangwanda).

For chisarudzo chakarurama kutsvakurudza nzira uye kwakarurama tinyatsonzwisisa migumisiro kufunga peculiarities kunotoda kurapwa kuratidzwa. Also kufungwa kuMudzidzisi chirwere zvinodiwa.

Misimboti kunyatsoongorora densitometry zvabuda

Kurondedzera kuongorora Data vakawana pashure rokuti "osteopenia" kana kushandisa "osteoporosis". Havafaniri kuonekwa sechinhu chiremba nechirwere, asi chete sezvo chiratidzo kuti anogona kuenda chero skeletal lesion pamwe kudzikira arambe achirema. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pfupa densitometry hauna kuitwa kuti yakarurama chirwere uye kuziva varwere panjodzi kutsemuka.

With-software midziyo iyi (densitometer) rinofananidza migumisiro vakawana uye Database akasarudzwa, uye musiyano uri statistically. Akatsunga nokuwanda neezvitendero zvarakasiya kuti unobereka zita T-Muedzo (kushandiswa nevamwe vane vechidiki chete pabonde sezvo murwere) kana Z-bvunzo (nokuti kuenzanisa, zvinotora boka vanhu zvakakodzera zera, pabonde uye uremu).

Kana T-bvunzo hakuna kupfuura 2,5 SD, ichi anoenderana osteopenia, kana migumisiro pazasi nhamba iyi, mumwe anotaura osteoporosis. tsika idzi "pachikumbaridzo." Izvi zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti kududzirwa densitometry zvabuda.

X-ray densitometry

Zvazviri, achibatsirwa X-ray irradiation anogona kuongorora dzakawanda mapfupa. Kazhinji wakaitwa nomuzongoza densitometry (ake lumbosacral nomuzongoza) uye hudyu, apo vakawanda dzichiri mitswe kuti osteoporosis. Uyewo kuona arambe achirema pakati pfupa rinenge yehudyu uye honokono densitometry kana kupedza muviri wose. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti tione zviri zvicherwa munzvimbo dzakasarudzwa mumuviri kana rose muviri.

Kare zvekuongorora pfupa guru uye chicherwa zviri yeimwe vaishandisa absorptiometry isotope nzira, nheyo randinogara mune rino wegamma PARTICIPLE uye vanoongorora ukuru Absorção de Água yavo. An chinokosha zvakaipira pokuongorora yakadaro kunokosha nemwaranzi chokupfeka. Naizvozvo vakatanga kushandisa miviri-photon X-ray absorptiometry waiva zvikuru nehanya uye zvishoma zvinokuvadza varwere. To musi, rinogona kubatsira kuziva 2-3 chete% remafupa kurasikirwa, saka Ongororo iyi kungashandiswa achivhara vakadzi kubereka kuti mangwanani kuziva miedzo osteoporosis.

Ultrasound densitometry

Izvi rworudzi Ongororo iri kuitwa kuongorora pfupa simba. Izvi anofunga arambe achirema, microstructure uye elasticity, uyewo pakukora ari cortical rukoko. An mukana rinokosha pokuongorora yakadaro - kusavapo nemwaranzi chokupfeka. Tichitarisa vakachengeteka nzira iyi, unogona kudzokororwa pasina kurambidzwa.

Zvinofanira akati kuti yakadaro densitometry inobva mano ultrasonic mafungu kuparadzira pamwe pemvura pfupa, kana yakaparadzirwa pfupa tishu. Muchiitiko chino, zvinokwanisika kuti kuona elasticity, arambe achirema uye kuomarara repfupa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ultrasonic pfupa densitometry rinoshandiswa bedzi pakuongorora peripheral marangwanda. Kakawanda, nzira iyi vakaongorora chitsitsinho uye tibia, patella, kana phalanges. Vazhinji zviridzwa kuona kumhanya ultrasonic kupararira kana attenuation, izvo zvinoratidza kwete pfupa arambe achirema, asiwo Kuwanikwa micro kana trabecular.

mhedziso

Pasinei osteoporosis ikarapwa (muchimiro chiratidzo kana chirwere), densitometry anobvumira kuona ngozi kutsemuka. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti sarudzo yacho kuongorora nzvimbo kunokosha zvikuru, nokuti densities pamusoro mineralized pfupa kana ingasava saizvozvo yose marangwanda.

Kuti chisarudzo chakarurama, unofanira kuziva zvinotevera mapatani:

• trabecular fuma munguva kuenda kumwedzi urwere kana hypogonadal steroid kusaenzana;
• zvaunoda kukuvara cortical mapfupa ari kuchengetwa penga nokuda kokuchembera, hyperthyroid, shuga osteoporosis;
• kana murwere pauduku kana kuyaruka nezvechinhu chimwe chirwere iyo kuzvirega zvichikanganisa kukura marangwanda, mapfupa vari chirwere systemic kuremara. Vari pamwe kukuvadzwa vose pfupa akaturikidzana.

Unofanira kuziva kuti pane zvinoitwa "pakuparadzira" osteoporosis pamusoro axial marangwanda ayo peripheral dzoga, saka unofanira kutanga kuongorora vertebrae kuti mangwanani kuongorora chirwere. Free densitometry zvinosuwisa zvisingawanzoitiki, sezvo ongororo iri kazhinji kuitwa mudzimba makiriniki uye kunoda zvakakodzera michina.