Binary romutemo. Types uye kureba binary remitemo. Reverse binary remitemo

Binary code rudzi pakunyora nhau iri muchimiro vaya uye zeros. Akadaro marongedzero pakuverenga munhu positional chawo 2. Kusvika panguva binary remitemo (tafura vakaisawo zvishoma pazasi rine mienzaniso pakunyora nhamba) rakashandiswa ose digitaalinen namano. mukurumbira wayo imhaka mukuru akavimbika uye nyore ichi mukova fomu. Binary svomhu iri nyore chaizvo, ukuwo, uye zviri nyore kushandisa mu Hardware. Digital zvemagetsi zvinoriumba (kana sezvo dzinonzi - pfungwa) yakavimbika zvikuru sezvo vanoita mbiri chete inoti: inonzwisisika chairema (kureva magetsi), uye pfungwa razero (hapana richidzidzwa). Saka, havana enzanisa zvakanaka chete analoginen zvinoriumba, izvo kwakavakirwa transients.

Sei binary chimiro kunyora?

Ngationei kuti zvakadaro kiyi aumbwa. Mumwe digit binary remitemo ringave riine maviri chete inoti: razero uye mumwe (0 uye 1). Kana tichishandisa matomu maviri anova zvinoita tsika zvina: 00, 01, 10, 11.-digit matatu kupinda rine sere inoti: 000, 001 ... 110, 111. The Izvi kuti urefu binary code novimba uwandu discharges. Mashoko aya anogona kunyorwa kushandisa mutoo: N = 2m, apo: m - inhamba nematomhu, uye N - nhamba mubatanidzwa.

Mhando binary Codes

The microprocessors ndivo kiyi inoshandiswa kunyora-siyana mashoko kupatsanurwa. Ikakuruma binary Bumbiro aigona yekudyidzana kusapfuudza vanokwanisa pakati processor wayo zvemukati ndangariro. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, nhamba refu span vakawanda ndangariro masero uye kupatsanurwa nemirayiro shomanana. Panyaya iyi, zvose kuyeuka sectors kuti dzinounzwa pasi multi-byte binary code, inokurukurwa sezvo rimwe nhamba. Zvichienderana zvinodiwa ichi kana kuti ruzivo, zvinotevera marudzi kiyi:

• unsigned;
• yakananga tselyeznakovye Codes;
• nhangaruvazhe neizvi;
• mamwe chiratidzo;
• Gray remitemo;
• Gray romutemo-Express.
• fractional Codes.

Ngationgororei mune zvakawanda nomumwe wavo zvizere.

Unsigned binary remitemo

Ngatione kuti chii chinoumba vakadaro rekodhi fomu. The unsigned integer Codes mumwe ikakuruma (binary) digit rinomiririra dhigirii maviri. Saka zviduku nhamba anogona kunyorwa fomu iri, ndiye razero uye kufadza inogona anomiririrwa mutoo: M = 2 ^N -1. Nhamba mbiri idzi dziri zvachose havatsananguri anokosha siyana, izvo zvinogona kuratidzwa mune binary remitemo. Ngatimboonai mukana akati hwokupinda siyana. Kana kushandisa ichi mhando unsigned kiyi ine matomu sere, kuwanda zvichibvira nhamba siyana 0 kusvika 255. Hexadecimal yekubvuma achava zvinobva 0 kusvika 65535. vasere-ikakuruma processors kuchengeta uye kurekodha nhamba idzi tichishandisa mbiri ndangariro sectors kuti dziri munzvimbo dzaiva pedyo addressees . Basa pamwe kiyi kwakadaro kunopa mirayiro inokosha.

Direct yose mutambi Codes

In chimiro ichi binary makiyi MSB rinoshandiswa kunyora nhamba ndiro. Zero anoenderana plus uye chikwata - kubvisa. Somugumisiro ichi pakuyerera kwaasingasvikiri coded nhamba zvakachinja muna akaipa negwara. Zvakaratidza kuti masere-ikakuruma akasaina integer binary anokosha nhamba anogona kunyorwa zvinobva -127 kusvika +127. Hexadecimal - iri zvinobva -32767 kusvika +32767. The masere ikakuruma microprocessor kuchengeta Codes vakadaro vanoshandisa pedyo sectors maviri.

A zvakaipira chimiro ichi kurekodha ndechokuti yokufananidzira uye Numeric anokosha matomu anofanira kupatsanurwa yoga. Algorithms zvirongwa tichishanda Codes izvi kuti kuoma zvikuru. Kushandura kusarudzwa uye wemasaini matomu zvakakodzera kushandisa nzira kuti masiki nezvounhu, izvo zvinoita kuti munhu unopinza kuwedzera-software kukura uye vasanyanye kwayo unongotaura. Kuti kubvisa chinetso ichi kwave vakasuma idzva mhando kiyi - kuzvishandura binary romutemo.

Sign kudzoka kiyi

chimiro ichi kunyora akasiyana zvakananga remitemo chete kuti kuzviona nhamba iri kuwanikwa inverting zvose nematomhu kiyi. In ichi digitaalinen uye chiratidzo matomu akafanana. Nokuda kweizvi, algorithms basa iri mhando remitemo vari yekudyidzana nyore. Zvisinei, zvinopesana neizvi kiyi zvinoda chaizvo algorithm nokuda kuziva wokutanga digit chiratidzo, pakuverenga Mhedziso kukosha nhamba. A asagadzirazve chiratidzo Pamusana ukoshi. Uyezve, muna neizvi uye mberi Codes nhamba pakunyora makiyi maviri anoshandiswa razero. Pasinei chokwadi kuti ukoshi ichi haana zvakanaka kana asina chiratidzo.

Dzakasaina binary nhamba dzokuwedzera remitemo

Izvi mhando nezvenhoroondo haina kunyorwa kutadza yapfuura kiyi. Codes kwakadaro kubvumira zvakananga summation zvose zvakanaka uye kunaka nhamba. Saka hazvina inoitwa chiratidzo ikakuruma kuongorora. izvi zvose akava zvichibvira nemhaka yokuti mamwe nhamba ndivo dzinongoitika chiratidzo mhete uye kwete hazvizivi sangano, dzakadai mberi uye shure kiyi. Zvakare, chinokosha ndechokuti kuverenga kuti wedzera-Ons kuti vaunze binary Codes zviri nyore chaizvo. Zviri zvakakwana achinje pfungwa wedzera mumwe. Kana kushandisa ichi mhando hunhu bumbiro idzva matomu sere, kuwanda zvichibvira nhamba siyana -128 kusvika +127. Hexadecimal kiyi achava zvakawanda -32768 kusvika +32767. The masere ikakuruma processors kuchengeta nhamba dzakadaro kushandisawo pedyo sectors maviri.

Binary Bumbiro mamwe anonakidza runoonekwa mugumisiro iyo Fani inonzi chiratidzo chiwedzerwa. Ngationei kuti zvinorevei. Kuvhiringidzwa ndechokuti mubishi rokutendeutsa rimwe byte ukoshi neimwe zvishoma vaviri-byte zvakakwana yakakwirira byte mupei tsika kusaina matomu rakadzika byte. Zvakaratidza kuti kuchengetera munhu akasaina nhamba pazvinhu ungashandisa mukuru-hurongwa matomu. Kana ukoshi ichi chinokosha haina kushanduka zvachose.

Gray remitemo

Ichi chimiro kunyora, ndizvo chaizvo mumwe-danho kiyi. Ndiko, ari kuchinja kubva ukoshi mumwe ari kuchinja chimwe chete zvishoma mashoko. Kukanganisa kana uchiverenga mashoko kunotungamirira kuti kuchinja kubva panzvimbo imwe chete zvishoma nguva zvaizopedza. Zvisinei, kuwana zvachose sizvo zvabuda apo chisina kutsetseka nzvimbo yakadaro kwacho panobviswa chose. Kunakisa remitemo iri kukwanisa rayo nohwake mashoko. Somuenzaniso, inverting mukuru-kuitira matomu, unogona kungotaura kuchinja kutungamirirwa bhuku. Izvi imhaka kudzorwa mazano wokuwedzera. Kana kukosha ichi chinogona outputted sezvo kuzvimba uye akawira mupendero pane imwe akabatana kuti kutenderera chaiko. Sezvo mashoko akanyorwa Gray Chinokosha chete coded hunhu, izvo haabati chaiyo nhamba data, vasati vawedzera basa kunodiwa kuichinja kare ive munhuwo binary notation. Izvi zvinoitwa kushandisa chaiyo transducer - decoder Gray Binar. mudziyo iyi nyore akaziva pamusoro chepuraimari pfungwa zvinhu zvose Hardware uye software.

Gray Bumbiro-Express

Gray Standard mumwe-danho kiyi zvinogadzirisa dzinokurukurwa muchimiro nhamba, vanomutsirwa simba vaviri. Muzviitiko apo zvakakodzera kushandisa dzimwe zvinogadzirisa, chimiro nezvenhoroondo chekawo kwakadaro uye kungoshandisa mugove pakati. Somugumisiro, mumwe-danho kiyi inochengeterwa. Zvisinei, mune ichi kusanganiswa Range kutanga code kwete razero. It vachambokanganwa kuna yamunenge ukoshi. Panguva umbowo kugadzira pamusoro kupomba kunotangira unoparadza hafu musiyano pakati pokuiswa uye kuderedzwa resolution.

Kuzviisa pasi mumwe fractional nhamba iri binary wakaiswa-pfungwa kiyi

Mukuita, tinofanira kushanda kwete chete nhamba yose asiwo fractional. nhamba kwakadaro kunogona chakanyorwa zvakananga, Ivan Kuchin uye yokuwedzera Codes. kuvakwa kutaurwa kiyi musimboti kwakafanana kuti wapasi. Kusvikira zvino taifunga kuti binary pfungwa anofanira kuva rworudyi LSB. Asi ichi handizvo. Rinogona riri kuruboshwe uye chinonyanya kukosha vachitova (mu iyi, iyo shanduka anogona kunyorwa chete fractional nhamba), uye pakati shanduka (vakavhengana tsika anogona kunyorwa).

Kumiririrwa binary akayangarara-pfungwa

chimiro ichi chinoshandiswa kunyora vazhinji, kana vakutarisire - iduku kwazvo. Somuenzaniso, madaro kana Sizes yomuchadenga maatomu uye maerekitironi. Dzemaitirwe tsika idzi aifanira kushandisa binary remitemo ine guru kwazvo kubuda. Zvisinei, hatifaniri kufunga yepasi pose daro kusvika pedyo millimeter. Naizvozvo, chimiro yakatarwa-pfungwa hazvisi va neudhadha. Kuratidza Codes vakadaro vaishandisa algebraic chimiro. Kureva nhamba zvakanyorwa kuva mantissa kane gumi kusvika nesimba kuratidza achida kuti nhamba. Tapota ziva kuti mantissa haafaniri kuva mukuru mumwe, uye mushure grade pfungwa harifaniri kunyorerwa razero.

Zvinofadza

Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti binary calculus yagadzirwa mukuvamba rechi18 yemasvomhu Gottfried Leibniz muGermany. Zvisinei, sezvo masayendisiti munguva ichangopfuura akawana, asati ichi venyika yacho vokuPolynesia pachitsuwa Mangareva kushandisa kuti svomhu mhando iyi. Pasinei chokwadi kuti Colonisation vakaparadza zvinenge zvachose yepakutanga vakaverengwa hurongwa, vatsvakurudzi akadzorera zvakaoma binary uye mhando grade maakaundi. Uyezve, kuti zvishande musayendisiti Núñez anoti kuti binary remitemo Coding yaishandiswa China yekare kare remakore rechi9 BC. e. Other mararamiro ekare akadai Maya akashandisawo zvakaoma mubatanidzwa grade uye binary enyika kuti club nguva cheap car insurance uye ezvemuchadenga zviitiko.