Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich: Biography uye pikicha

Pakati vakakurumbira inofananidza Soviet Union inoremekedzwa nzvimbo rukudzo Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich. Zvichida zita rake ndisingazikamwi vose, asi mumunda ndege - iri mhenyu ngano. Ndiye kupfuura navo akabudirira pakuita amphibians, izvo nhasi vari pakati akanakisisa panyika. Vari kutengeswa pasi zvizivikanwe zita "Iva '(mabhii ari mazita musiki rokutanga). Beriev akasiya kuvazukuru kwete chete siyana yokutevedzera ndege, asiwo chikoro apo vadzidzi vake vakapfuurira kugadzira seaplanes.

udiki

The guta Georgian pamusoro Tbilisi (Tiflis) February 13, 1903 akaberekwa Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich. nyika - Georgians. Pakutanga zita rababa vake kwainge Beriashvili. Asi sezvo vakawanda vagari Tbilisi vaiva Russian, Mikhail Solomonovich haana wakasununguka chaizvo uye akachinjwa zita. All vana vana vake vakanga achikura nechekare Beriev.

Aishanda baba ndege ramangwana rakanaka mushandi, uye mai vake - Ekaterina Prokhorova (sokuti, akanga Russian) - Akashanda somutariri laundress.

Young Georgy akanga chaizvo rombo pamwe chikoro. mukuru wayo, uri Zvokutopenga chikuru, akaedza kupa vadzidzi dzidzo yakanaka, huchiita mureza chirongwa. Vana vanogara vakatakura pamusoro revashanyi uye kuwedzera horizons dzavo nedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana. makore Izvo wechikoro nokusingaperi kuramba kuyeuka Beriev. Uye mukuru kuvhunduka youduku vakava naye kekutanga kuona kutiza ndege, imwe Ace akakwana Sergei Utochkin. Zvichida panguva iyoyo airshow uye mukomana akaberekwa hope kudenga.

Asi pashure chikoro, gumi Georgiy Mihaylovich Beriev, kwaienda vezvikepe, uye ironworks. Chokwadi, akanga ashanda ikoko chete vaviri makore.

inotungamirwa

Vabereki woMunhu, kunyange vakanga varombo chaizvo, asi vakafunga kuti dzidzo vana vavo, ivo vanofanira kupa. Saka, tinoedza kuti chionekeso George Higher chikoro chepuraimari muna Tbilisi. Study hwakapiwa mukomana nyore, uye kunyanya aifarira rwokugadzira nyaya. Muna 1916, Beriev vakabudirira chikoro ichi uye pakarepo vakaenda mumwe - njanji, apo akagamuchira makanika.

Graduate Guy akakundikana. hondo yevagari simba vakaita bope, uye Beriev Georgy Mikhailovich, ari kuchitsigira kukuchidzira pakati Bolsheviks, pokutanga muna Koshanda uye ipapo zvakazvipira Red Army.

Makore mashomanana gare gare, akakwanisa kuramba nedzidzo yake. nguva ino kusarudza richiwira polytechnic muna Tbilisi.

Rota yedenga

Ongorora kutapwa chinoshamisa mutungamiri, nhasi tinogona kutaura kuti Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich akaberekwa "mapapiro". Kurota dzokudenga, dzakatangira ake pauduku, achiri muduku vava kunyanya chakasimba. The mukomana vakaedza kupinda Egorievskay Pilot School, asi haana kushanda - aifanira kudzidza pana Polytechnic Institute. George chete kwaisava mumwe wevaya tipe. A gore pashure kubvuma, akawana nekuyanana shanduro, rakashandurwa kubva Tbilisi kuna Leningrad, uko Polytechnic Institute aiva shipbuilding dhipatimendi uye avhiyesheni dhipatimendi. Upenyu chikamu njanji ... The Kurota yaizouya pedyo.

Kwaiitwa vadzidzi "Red Pilot" - chikuru mugadziri ndege munyika. Panguva tsika, kuti Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich-makore 27 Vakatanga kudenga. Zvisinei, saka kure sekamwana mufambi.

Early basa

20-30s vakanga kwakaratidzwa kukurumidza kukura hydroplanes munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Union. Nokuti kukura indasitiri ino akasikwa nehurumende yeSoviet OMOS (Department of Maritime experimental ndege). Pano uye ndakasvika kushanda kudzidza Polytechnic University.

Akatevera nzvimbo basa raiva Beriev Design Bureau pasi kutarisira French ndege akagadzira Paul Richard. Georgy kutanga vakashanda macalculator uye ipapo zvakagadzirirwa zvinoriumba.

KB raishanda kwemakore matatu uye panguva iyoyo haana yakati chero chinokosha kubudirira. Saka chibvumirano pamwe wokuFrance haana vandudzai, uye emauto akadzingwa mabasa muhofisi. vashandi munhu, ani pakati aiva Beriev, yakatamira CDB TsAGI. Zvikuru unyanzvi Nyanzvi vanopiwa pambiru mutevedzeri mukuru wechikepe dhipatimendi Central Design Bureau-39.

Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich kushanda zvakaoma uye nokukurumidza pave ndege kuti anotevera makumi Makore kwave chinokosha avhiyesheni Soviet Navy. Tiri kutaura pamusoro vakawanda chairema makore iwayo - zvose-metal seaplane MBR-2.

vatorwa ruzivo

Pashure pokutanga kweShanduro MBR-2 ayo wakachenjera wakaonekwa uye akanyorwa nehurumende. The Zviremera vakasarudza kuti Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich, ane Biography aingova akakwana (vakaberekerwa proletarian mhuri, vakabatana bato, vakarwa Red Army), akafanirwa rwendo kwose kuti vadzidze kubva ruzivo.

Rwendo rwacho rwakatora nokuda 6 mwedzi, uye panguva iyoyo akakwanisa pamusoro Beriev ndege kugadzira makambani muEngland, France, Italy, uye kunyange United States. Kumba, avape basa Soviet ndege vakadzoka muna July 1934.

Chief mugadziri CDB mugungwa ndege

Tadzokera Beriev kuchinjirwa Taganrog, umo fekitari ndege, achitora pambiru mukuru mugadziri, anosika kubva muvare KB.

Nokuti nguva basa Taganrog Georgii Mikhailovich zvinosanganisira "mwana" akadaro ake ndokuendeswa shanduro MBR-2 - MP-1, vakaisawo mushanduro zviviri - nokuti chokufambisa kutakura uye zvinhu.

Vashandi hwomuti kudzora Beriev akabudirira paakasika wokutanga catapult Soviet amphibian ZWL-1. The muenzaniso haana rwakapedzeredzwa, asi kwakatanga kugadzirwa.

Pakati inokosha nebudiriro makore iwayo kunowedzerawo MBR-2, vakagamuchira IDB-7 "zita"; MDR-5, rakagadzirirwa kumberi gungwa ushori; KOR-2 budiriro midziyo chokuita boka ejection monoplanes, uye vamwe.

rwaifadza

Kushanda mu Taganrog Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich - chemhando yepamusoro ndege, akaramba kufungidzira kudenga. Haana kungoda kuumba mapapiro midziyo, asiwo kubata navo!

Uye ipapo achipinda musoro wake pfungwa kuwana wakadaro vanhu uye kuumba kirabhu rinobururuka. Akaronga - aita! Vakuru vakaita zvichemo inozvikudza wakachenjera uye akamupa ndege mbiri U-2. Ivo vose vakadzidza kubhururuka. Ndine "goko" ari mutyairi Beriev.

Mune remangwana, Jesu kazhinji akagara seri vhiri, kusanganisira vana vavo - MBR-2. Uye kunyange kamwe, nokudzinga yokupedzisira yaiva ezvinhu akaoma. Ndege akaramba injini, uye mutyairi aifanira okunze akaisa chairema pamusoro mvura. Kuwiriranisa pamusoro mafungu, ndokuisa kuitira, "mwoyo shiri", akabhururuka uye akariita akachengetedzeka yendege.

Nokudaro, Beriev Georgy vaudzewo kuti akanga aita vakadzikama muenzaniso. Asi - huchizadzika, pakupedzisira, ake pauduku hope!

Great Patriotic War

Kuzvibatsira zvenhema aborted nechisimba nevaNazi. The Great Patriotic War. Beriev Design Bureau akatizira Omsk, apo akaramba kushanda nyika inokosha KOR-2. Time akanga kupererwa, simba mhanya, kunyange zvazvo pakutanga vavariro yake vechokwadi havana zvakajeka.

Gare gare ndakadzidza kuti ZWL-2 aifanira nemabasa chiedza bhomba panguva hondo gungwa. Kuti izvi zvidaro, vanoverengeka Bureau remake muenzaniso, uye yakatanga imwe batch mangé kugadzirwa.

1943 gore iro CB wakabata muna Krasnoyarsk, yakatanga kusvika gwaro rekutanga inobhururuka chikepe, akasika Beriev. Waiva chikepe itsva-chizvarwa. Asi zvinosuwisa, haana nguva yokuita zvimwe kurwa. Kopi rokutanga LL-143 (kana Ivai-6) ikaungana chete kuhwina - muna May, ari rechi45, uye nokusunungurwa motokari yacho yakatanga muna 1946. Production kunoitika Taganrog.

Nokuti budiriro chaiyo mudzimai ndege Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich akagamuchira pamatunhu mibayiro:

• 2 Order of Lenin.
• 2 Order of Red Banner of Labor.
• The menduru "Nokuti Service mu Battle".
• Menduru "Nokuti Victory pamusoro Germany Kukuru Patriotic Hondo 1941-1945.".
• Kuyeukwa Medals.
• Personal maoko.
• Stalin Prize dzeboka rechipiri.
• State Prize of USSR.

pashure pehondo,

Pakapera Hondo Yenyika II ndege magadzirirwo akagashira itsva kumativi okukura. Taganrog Commercial Bank akaita asunungurwa mumwe muenzaniso pashure perimwe.

Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich, vane mufananidzo akanga atova zvaizivikanwa vaverengi venhau Soviet, nokukurumidza pashure kunozivikanwa Baie-6 akapa nyika ine multi-chinangwa seaplane Beriev Ivai-8, ave refu somutariri ndege rabhoritari (wawanga hydrofoils).

Rakatevera raiva brainchild Bureau mugungwa ushori Ivai-p1, uye pashure pake akabva kuona chiedza kuva-10, izvo kokutanga vakapakata yakatsvairwa mapapiro. The ndege chaipiwa munguva yakazara mhepo zvinoratidzei, uye gare gare gumi nyika zvinyorwa akaitwa pamusoro payo. Zvisinei, makore kuva-10 akava disappointingly pfupi, nokuti chikwata akasikwa kubva pfupi chaizvo aruminiyamu chiwanikwa.

Nemauto Indasitiri kwakasimbiswa pasi pose, uye pane "catwalk" akaenda zvenyukireya Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. kuparadzwa kwavo - ndicho chinangwa, iyo zvino aifanira kutevera vagadziri ose amphibians. Uye Beriev anosika mumwe Nyanzvi - the kuva-12, akanyatsoti nezvake se "The Gaviota". chikwata ichi kuwana nokuparadza Ngarava dzepasi pemvura. Nokuti iye, akagadzira akagashira mumwe mubayiro - State Prize. "The Gaviota" akaita kuti zvibvire kuti panyika pave zvinyorwa makumi mana navaviri.

Okuyerera zvimwe "nyaya" chisikwa achitungamirirwa Georgy Mikhailovich ndege zvinoita zvokukandwa R-10. iye ukama vasina amphibians.

mumakore achangodarika

Mumakore okupedzisira ake basa wakayeriswa Beriev kusikwa muzvirongwa, akawanda izvo zvakasara zvisina kuzadziswa. Pakati pavo, somuenzaniso, katyamadza "airfoil" ndiani anogona kubhururuka pamusoro chero ndege nokuda mhepo pamutsago. Vamwe Zviitiko havambokwanisi nguva midzi muupenyu akarasika kuti nezvinebasa. Asi vamwe vachiri vakamirira namapapiro, uye vachiri kutarisa zvakazonaka.

Panopera 1960, pashure apiwa infarction, Georgy mashizha KB. Asi pensions havasi agere simbe, kupfuurira Analytical uye tsvakurudzo basa. Ari kuedza kufanotaura nezveramangwana avhiyesheni. Zviri siyana nesayenzi uye michina kanzuru munyika. Kusvikira okupedzisira chaizvo mazuva kuramba panhengo Beriev Georgiy Mihaylovich. Major General vakashaya July 12, 1979.

nhaka

A womunyika Tbilisi, mwanakomana nyore mushandi, muoni mukuru uye vaishanda nesimba akatora dzinonakidza nzira. Akasiya shure kwete chete kunozivikanwa womuenzaniso ndege, izvo kunyange tote Zvivako (pakati izvi, somuenzaniso, kuva-6), asi chikoro yakasiyana. The Beriev Design Bureau ainzi nhasi vari dzakabudirira uye kuvakwa womuenzaniso ndege, achifambisa pakati okunze maviri - mhepo uye mvura. School Georgii Mikhailovich mutungamiri nyika mumunda hydro-avhiyesheni.

Mudzidzisi akakwanisa kukanda tsanga yakanaka. Uye ivhu rakanga yakaorera ...