Bateri yemotokari, deulphation: nzira dzokuvandudza

Mazuva ano bhatiri yemotokari, sekutonga, inoshumira kubva pamakore mashanu kusvika kune manomwe. Mushure mokunge azadzisa nguva yekuisa, anorasikirwa nezvinhu zvekuunganidza magetsi uye anogona kukanganisa pane nguva isingakanganwiki.

Mhinduro yakanakisisa mumamiriro aya ndeyekutenga kwebheteri itsva. Asi kana pane chimwe chikonzero iwe hauna mukana wakadaro, unogona kuedza kudzorera zvakare bheteri rekare . Kudzorera bhateri, hongu, hakudzokeri maitiro ake apfuura, uye haingagari kwenguva yakareba sezvatinoda, asi sechinguvana kana kuti tisingabatsiri, bhati yakadaro yakakodzera chaizvo.

Muchikamu chino tichakurukura kuti chii chinoshandiswa nemabhatiri emotokari uye kuti ungazviita sei kumba. Asi kutanga ngatitarisei zvikonzero nei bheteri "ichakura".

Sulphation

Chikonzero chekugadzirwa kweatori-acid mabhetri inoumbwa nemahwendefa ematafura. Zvimwe zvacho zvakagadzirwa nemutungamiri wakachena, vamwe - kubva mumakisi yaro. Iyo yose nzvimbo pakati peplate yakazadzwa ne electrolyte - sulfuric acid solution. Apo bhati iri kushanda pakubudiswa, kemikari inogadzirisa inoitika mukati maro, zvichiita kuti mvura uye inotungamira sulfate inopindira pamakumbo nematombo maduku. Izvi zvinonzi sulphation. Ndiye iye anotungamirira AKB kuti "kukwegura".

Apo bhati inopinda mukutengesa nzira, zvinopindurwa zvinowedzera kune zvakasiyana, asi hazvizomboperi. Mune mamwe mazwi, sulphate particles izvo zvisati zvapinda muitiro, zvishoma nezvishoma, zvakasara nemasero, dzinofukidza magetsi, kudzivisa bhatiro.

Chinokonzera sulphation

Zvinonzwisisika, kugadziriswa kwemunyu mashizha pazvikwereti hazvibatsiri pakutanga kushanda kwebheteri, nokuti izvi zvose zvinowanikwa pamaseroti. Asi nekufamba kwenguva, mamolekyu anotanga kuumba makristasi anokura achienderera mberi. Uye ikozvino, mushure memazana emakore ekushanda kushanda, masero emagara akavharwa nawo, uye electrolyte haichazokwanisi kupararira zvakakwana. Chigumisiro che sulphation ndechekuti:

• Kugadziriswa kwebasa rekushanda kwegrids;
• Kuwedzera kukanganisa kwegetsi;
• Kupera simba kwebheteri.

Hazvibviri kudzivisa izvi zvinoparadza, asi iwe unofanirwa kuziva kuti zvinoitika nekukurumidza uye zvakanyatsogadzirisa apo bhatiri haibhadharwi kwenguva yakareba.

Chii chinoshatisa?

Zvinokwanisika here kuwedzera hupenyu hwebheteri? Nzira chete yekuchengetedza bhatiri inoshuva. Iyi ndiyo nzira inopesana, iyo yatakambotaura. Zvinowanzoitika pachako, apo simba remhepo rinotengesa. Asi mu accumulator, iyo yakatove yakashandurwa, kusvibiswa hakuiti pasi pesimba rezvino izvo jenereta inopa. Inogona kushandiswa chete nenzira dzakakura, dzatichazotaura gare gare.

Nzira dzebheri rekufukura

Iwe unogona sei kubvisa mararita e sulfuric acid kumba? Kushatiswa kwebheteri nemaoko evanhu pachako kunogona kuitwa nenzira mbiri: nekubatsirwa kwemagetsi, uye nekubatsirwa nezvinhu zvemagetsi. Muchiitiko chekutanga, midziyo yemagetsi inoshandiswa, iyo inokwanisa kuunza imwe yakasiyana yezvino kubhateri uye nenzira dzakasiyana. Chimiro deulphation inowanzoitika nekuda kwekutungamira sulphate ne alkaline sarudzo dzemabhizimisi kana dzimba dzinogadzirwa.

Nzira yekudhura yakawanda

Iyi nzira inogona kushandiswa kumhando ipi zvayo yekutungamirira-asidi mabhatiri, pasinei nemamiriro avo. Haadi chero ruzivo rwakakosha muunyanzvi hwemagetsi uye chemhemiti. Kuti uite izvi, zvakakwana kuva nejaja yemotokari.

Usati watanga basa, chengetedza unhu uye unhu (huwandu) hwe electrolyte. Zviri nani, zvechokwadi, kuzadza mutsva mutsva nenzira imwe neimwe "kumutsidzira" bhatiri. Kuzvitsvaira nenzira yekutengesa kazhinji kunoreva kugoverwa kwepasi-ikozvino kwezvinoenda kubhethri terminals ne nguva pfupi. Iko kunotanga kune zvikamu 5-8, panguva iyo bhatiri inogamuchira ikozvino, kukosha kwayo ndiyo imwe yegumi yehupamhi hwayo. Panguva imwe neimwe yekutongerwa, mhepo iri pabhateri terminals inowedzera uye inobva ikamira kutengesa. Mukati, nguva iyo magetsi anowanikwa pakati pemagetsi anoshandiswa. Panguva imwe chete, denser electrolyte inoparadzaniswa kubva pamahwendefa. Izvi zvinotungamirira ku kuderera kwebhateri voltage. Pakuguma kwemhepo, electrolyte inowana simba rakadikanwa, uye bhetri yakakwana.

Kuvandudza nzira

Nzira inotevera, iyo yaunokwanisa kuedza kudzorera nayo bhati-iri kudzorera tsvina. Inoreva kushandiswa kwesimba rine simba rine simba rekubudisa ikozvino kusvika paAA A nepamusoro, pamwe chete nemhepo mukati me20 V. Nokuda kwezvinangwa izvi, mishonga yekushanda (kwete inverter) yakakwana. Nzira iyi ndeyotevera. Bhatiri yakabviswa kubva pamotokari kune-board network uye yakabviswa. Isa bhatiri pane imwe nzvimbo yakadzika, tisa pasi mapurgi. Isu tinobatanidza zvigaro zvejecha redu rakagadziriswa kumagariro aro muchirevo chakatarisana, i.e. Kuchengetedza - pamwe chete, kuwedzera - kushandura, uye kutsvaga kwemaminitsi makumi matatu. Munguva iyi, electrolyte ichasvibisa, asi haisi iyo inotyisa, nokuti tichaichinja.

Somugumisiro wehutano hwakadaro hwekutyisidzira, kwete chete kubviswa kweplate mabheti kunoitika, asiwo kuchinja kwehuwandu hwahwo. Mune mamwe mazwi, kushandiswa kunowanzova kuwedzera uye zvakasiyana.

Mushure mehafu yeawa yekuraira, yekare electrolyte inofanira kuderedzwa. Pashure pacho, tinodururira mvura inopisa mumudziyo mumwe nomumwe uye saka tinosuka kunze kwechigadziko chakaumbwa sechikonzero chesafuro. Dzadzai electrolyte itsva, isa bhatiri pamutoro, uchitora bheja inowanzogadziriswa, yakagadzirirwa kune yezvino 10-15 A. Nguva yeitiro yacho maawa makumi maviri nemaviri.

Zvinonyanya kukosha: kana uchitya bhari, chengetedza reverse polarity, nokuti bhati redu rakashandura zvachose!

Kushushikana nekubika soda

Kana AKB ichiri kuratidza zviratidzo zvehupenyu, unogona kuedza nzira shoma yekudzorera kwayo. Nokuda kweizvi tinoda mvura yakachena, zvichida yakanyorova (ine zvigadziriswa munyu munyu), simba uye inotonhorera yekupisa kwayo, pamwe chete nekubika soda nekujaja.

Bvisa ibheti rabudiswa kune imwe nzvimbo yepamusoro, svina ipudgi uye udonhe electrolyte yekare. Zvadaro, ita gadziriro yekutsvaga pahuwandu hwemashupu matatu e soda per 100 g yemvura uye upise kuti uite. Dzadza musanganiswa unopisa mumiti uye uite kuti "uite" 30-40 maminitsi. Mushure meizvi, bvisa mhinduro uye geza bhateri katatu nemvura inopisa.

Gulf electrolyte itsva, tinotya bhari. Kushushikana ne soda, sezvazvinogona kuonekwa pakutanga, zvinopa kushaya simba, asi kana iwe uchitevera mitemo yekubhadhara, bhateri richava nemukana chaiwo weupenyu hwechipiri.

Pakutanga kwekutanga, tinobhadhara bhatiri neinezvino ye 10 A pamagetsi e 14-16 V masikati. Zvadaro dzokorora nzira iyo zuva nezuva, kuderedza nguva kusvika maawa matanhatu. Kuenderera mberi kwemhosva kunofanirwa kuva mazuva gumi.

Kusarudzwa neTrlon-B

Kushatiswa kwebheteri nemaoko evanhu pachako kunogona kuitwa nekubatsirwa kwechigadzirwa chakakonzerwa zvakananga nekuda kwezvinangwa izvi. Izvi zvinoreva - ammonia solution ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid sodium (trialon-B). Unogona kuzvitenga mune chero mutengesi wemotokari kana mumusika wemotokari. Inodururirwa mumabhandi ebheteri kweawa, vasati vamboiridzira uye kuvhara electrolyte yekare. Izvo zvinoshandiswa pakutsvaga ne trialon zvinowirirana nemhepo yakawanda yekushanduka nekuonekwa kwebudiki zviduku pamusoro pemvura. Kubviswa kwezvinhu izvi zviviri zvinoratidza kuti kupindura kwapera uye nzira inogona kumira. Chikamu chokupedzisira chekutsvaga kushambidza makani nemvura yakasvibiswa uye kuizadza ne electrolyte itsva. Bhatiro inotengeswa nenzira inowanzo neyozvino yakaenzana nechegumi yesimba rebheteri.

Kushatiswa kwebheteri inejaja

Nhasi, pakutengesa kune zvigadzirwa zvinokosha zvinokubvumira kuti ubhadhe bhatire uye uite zvido zvayo. Zvinodhura, zvechokwadi, hazvina kutengesa, saka kutenga iyo zvakananga kuitira kuti kugadzirisa ibheteri rimwe kune zvisingabatsiri. Asi kana mumwe waunozivana ane chigadziro chakadaro chekuparadza mabhatiri, saka hazvina kunyanya kushandisa mukana uyu. Nheyo yekushanda kwechigadzirwa ichi yakabva pamutambo wekutengesa kazhinji, watakakurukura kare. Chokutanga, bhatiro inotengeswa kwenguva yakati neyekuita kweimwe chikosha, uye mushure mekunge yabudiswa. Zvino inouya danho idzva, rinoteverwa nerimwezve, uye zvichingodaro, kusvikira bhatiri ichidzorerwa.

Kushatiswa kwebheteri inejaja ine basa iri ndiyo nzira yakatendeseka uye yakachengeteka yekudzorera kwayo. Mukuwedzera, hazvirevi kutonga chero kupi zvako - zvinhu zvose zvinoitika mumutambo wega. Mushandisi anongoda kubatanidza bheteri kune imwe shumbi, sarudzai nzira yaunoda uye tarisira chigumisiro.