Bacillus - a utachiona tsvimbo serin'i

Utachiona - zviduku zvinenge, nemaziso, dzisiri kuonekwa kune kupfeka ziso. Havana kungogumira maererano goko ari musimboti. tusingaoneki zvakadaro sayenzi yemazuva ndivo rudzi kupfuura 3,000, ramakagadzwa kugara guru chidimbu kubva bacilli. Bacillus - a utachiona tsvimbo serin'i. Uye zita raro riri zvakananga anoratidza chitarisiko (Latin: bacillum - rutanda). Mabhakitiriya aya makadanirwa musayendisiti wokuGermany V. Kohn mu chimiro, akafanana tsvimbo.

genus mabhakitiriya

Chii chinorehwa bacteriology amburera rokuti "bacillus"? Izvi zvakasiyana chaizvo genus kuti giremu positive utachiona noruzhinji chimiro. Uye pakutanga kwezvose, kunze nechitarisiko, ivo kugovana kukwanisa kuumba spores intracellular achishumira ruminant uye kuchengetedza kwemarudzi mune rwakashata ezvinhu. Kwete zvose, asi vamwe utachiona kukonzera chirwere uye chepfu zvirwere muvanhu uye, naizvozvo, vari pathogenic (more nezvavo tsanangura pazasi). Uye vazhinji utachiona izvi - saprophytes, kunyanya vanogara muvhu.

kwakajairika kupatsanura

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti "mabhakitiriya bacillus" - asi kwakajairika kupatsanura. Nhasi rinoshandiswa muna zvidukuduku hadziwanzowaniki. Gungano iri ndechokuti chimiro bacilli runowanzoitika utachiona zhinji (kunze cocci kuva kumativi), uye zvakasiyana-siyana kwazvo zvigare zvinogona hwokuratidza chitarisiko kwavo seinä. Asi harisati zvinobvira kuziva zvimwe anokosha maitiro generalizing chechikadzi.

Key Features

1. Vazhinji bacilli - saprophytes. Ivo kutendeutsa organics kuti inorganic yeimwe somugumisiro kwayakaita.
2. Kushivirira kuti okisijeni. Kwavari harisi muchetura, uye vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa kuti afemeruke (Kurovedza).
3. Bacillus kuita zvavo anokosha nokuda nemakemikari.
4. Izvi utachiona uye Mobile kufamba rinoitwa pachishandiswa flagella.
5. Virulence: utachiona zhinji kukonzera zvirwere muvanhu.

Songaniro

Vakawanda shamhu serin'i bacilli vari mumapoka masero akawanda.

• Diplobatsilla - hangaiwa sangano, aibatanidza masero maviri kwemabhakitiriya.
• Streptobatsilla - cheni, apo masero akawanda ikashandiswa kuva boka. Saka, somuenzaniso, chigwadara bacillus hwakareba chaizvo, muchimiro ichitenderera pemavara cheni neshamwari.

kusawirirana

Bacillus - a utachiona anokwanisa rokuumba spores. Izvi spore inotungamirwa kungava chimwe zviratidzo zvikuru pachena kuti kupatsanura. Uyezve, chimiro kuchinja nezvenzvimbo bacilli spores ari kwemabhakitiriya muchitokisi. In tetenasi bacillus Somuenzaniso, kusawirirana dzisatsvedza kuguma muchitokisi, achichipa mutsa Drum tsotso (clostridia). Uye butyric bacilli - pakati sero, saka kuvapa chokurukisa chimiro (plektridii).

Chirwere spores anozivikanwa nemasayendisiti kupfuura vachitsungirira masangano ose upenyu siyana Panyika. Characteristically, vamwe havana mubvunzo muviri. Ivo husingakwanisi chiutsi, nokuomesa, mwaranzi, kushaya okisijeni, acids. Panguva yokuzorora, mibvunzo vari yakasimba chaizvo. Ivo zvinowanika nzvimbo dzose Panyika. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kuitike, gakava ipapo nokukurumidza sei zvakavapoteredza uye imere, pakutangazve kukura simba.

Mienzaniso pathogenic bacilli

• Bacillus anthracis - the causative nomumiririri nechigwadara. Pathogenicity anonzi yechipiri boka.
• Bacillus cereus - the causative mumiririri zvokudya chepfu zvirwere mumuviri munhu.
• Bordetella pertussis - inowanikwa mumapapu, kwahunokonzera whooping chikosoro.
• Koch kwakaita bacillus - munhu mhaka tibhii neutachiona uye zvirwere.
• Tetenasi bacillus - causative nomumiririri tetenasi.

Asi kwete utachiona zvose zvinokuvadza. Sayenzi yemazuva akadzidza kushandisa unhu hwavo hwakanaka. Vamwe utachiona anoshandiswa mukurima sezvo Vanoburitsa runovharidzira mamwe uye amylase. A zvinokachidza zvinoberekwa navo, anoshandiswa sezvo zvipembenene kuti zvirimwa kudzivirirwa.