ABP zano. MAD (otomatiki kuchengeterwa chiyamuro) jenareta

In inowanzotorwa simba muoti, simba boka uye simba yakapiwa angasvikira nzvimbo kushandiswa kwayo. Apo mukuru tsime wafa kushanda, simba wechipiri rezvebonde chiyamuro kana standby jenareta rinofanira kushandiswa manually kana kwaita zvokudya kuti mutoro, inova dhayagiramu MAD (zvaitika chinja). Its chikuru basa ndiro redistribution simba kubva afoot kusvika negadziriro yeparutivi simba rive.

chikamu III-Rd simba zvitengeswa rakavimbika

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, utility makambani kugovana vose vatengi vavo, kuti ndiyo. E. Vanhuvo (pamutemo uye panyama), uyo achipinda zvibvumirano romugove dzemagetsi muzvikamu zvitatu maererano mwero rakavimbika magetsi zvitengeswa. Yakadereresa rakavimbika ari muboka rechitatu. Kwakadaro simba vatengi kupa chete chete-danho matatu chiyamuro voltage 6 kana 10 KV (dzimwe nguva 400) kana chimwe chinhanho chiyamuro 230 kubva imwe wedzerai substation, asi mari mutoro riine migwagwa iyi chikamu zvishoma - chete hwokugadza nyore chete-transformer pasuru transformer substations uye batanidza kuti pedyo panhongonya mutsetse hutachiwana.

Ko Ndinofanira III-Rd muchikwata ABP zano?

Pue pasi simba vanoronga yakadaro, kana simba romugove vimbiso kupora pashure abondera nokuti hakuna kupfuura zuva. Uye kana hazvisi? Zvadaro nuzhet yechipiri simba nemushonga, iyo kazhinji makabuda peturu kana Diesel-chikwata jenareta. Mumazuva akare, vatengi vari manually batanidza mitoro yavo kwavari uye raparurwa navo kupinda basa. Asi sezvo kushandisa michina mishonga izvi akatanga kugona kuita kutanga kwavo pasina kupindira kwevanhu.

Uye kana iwe unogona kutanga kukwira Diesel jenareta rwoga, sezvo zvichiita uye batanidza kuti mutengi mutoro. Uye akatanga ano pfungwa dvuhvvodnogo ABP, kuti hushande iro, pazasi, ratova ava private imba magetsi mureza.

II-nd it category: Ko iye aida ABP

Kana mutengi anorayira maviri pomumbure chiyamuro simba, inopinda atova inotevera muboka - wechipiri. Panyaya iyi, simba inowanzoda vatengi kubhadhara kuvaka miviri-transformer substation. In nyore musimboti nayo unotora bhazi zvikamu zviviri (ndiko chete aruminiyamu kana, pane zvakanakisisa, rinoparadza mhangura) yakakwirira voltage wayo chikuru chinja, kune chimwe nechimwe wanamatira chete mumwe mukuru-voltage bushings (6 kana 10 KV). Between zvikamu dzinongoda atumidzwa sectional chinja. Kana zviri yakazaruka, muprista voltage chiyamuro anogona nomumwe zvokudya mumwe chete transformer (kazhinji basa iri chete mumwe maviri, wechipiri ari kuchengeterwa - uye zvakare chaiwo chinodiwa Simba). Munguva simba outage pane imwe zvinoshandisa pakurima, zvemagetsi nevatengi anogona manually akwanise chikamu chinja uye kushandisa mutoro pamusoro transformer inongogara kushanda nevamwe mukuru-voltage chiyamuro.

vatengi vakadaro Chokwadi, havadi pamberi MAD. Zvisinei, mumakore gumi adarika, simba kazhinji kuuya nazvo kuisa navo mureza maviri transformer substations ari pasi voltage divi. Nhoo akadaro ABP ane mbiri mazano kubva pasi voltage windings pamusoro transformers dzakasiyana (vose zvinofanira avapa asi ari yakatakura chero akapiwa nguva chete mumwe wavo) uye goho kuti yakaderera voltage bhazi kuti izvo zvakabatanidzwa ose mitoro.

I-there muchikwata - MAD kunodiwa

Asi kana mutengi hariguti, pfungwa, nguva kunonoka ari Chinyorwa nokuchinja kwakaita zvinoshandisa pakurima, zvino ane hazvo kushandisa MAD uye kutamira kune chinotevera muchikwata simba wedzerai rakavimbika - kutanga. In nyore musimboti, munhu schematic dhayagiramu of MAD ringave riine vakanyoresa maviri chete zvikamu zviviri mukuru-voltage substations, mabhazi uye simba nokuchinja chikamu chinja (kazhinji Vacuum). Kana romugove voltage haazombotaurwi pamusoro mazano, izvozvo disables ari otomatiki huru chinja uye zvinosanganisira sectional. Zvadaro, kukabatanidzwa bhazi voltage kusvitsa kubva rechipiri chiyamuro. ABP chiyamuro vaviri iyi ingangoumbwa pamusoro low-voltage substations, sezvinorondedzerwa pamusoro.

Asi vatengi kuti ini-Saint Category Pue rinozivisa anonzi mapoka anokosha umo zviviri samambure zvinoshandisa pakurima haisi simba zvakakwana, asi zvachose vanoda chetatu kuchengeterwa chiyamuro akaita kakawanda kacho Diesel jenareta. Panyaya iyi, iyo MAD inoda 3 chiyamuro. Scheme zvinonzi rinoitwa yakaderera voltage.

Sei MAD Unit pamwe jenareta chiyamuro

Recently akaonekwa pamusika yakawanda otomatiki negadziriro yeparutivi Namano kudzora microprocessor controller. Dzakakurumbira chaizvo panyaya iyi anova upravlyuschie ataure controllers Series Easy Moeller yekambani kugadzirwa. Ongorora voltage anonongedzera pakati sensors, kuti microcontroller anoona munhu simba kutadza uye parura yokutanga nzira yacho injini jenareta (kazhinji synchronous). Paakangosvika anosvika yavose sezvavakatarirwa voltage uye kakawanda kudzora mamiriro Minamato haipindurwe rake vatengi mutoro. Mumaonero zvemagetsi kubatana redunhu MAD uye anokonzera inorema chinhu dambudziko nani kunzwisisa, sezvo nguva kunonoka hakudzivisiki, uye zvimwe michina matambudziko kungatadzisa kuti nguva imwe kugamuchira simba negadziriro yeparutivi.

Kudzora maitikiro uye voltage

Chimwe chikuru mashandiro ari MAD mudziyo ndiko kubata voltage donhwe kana Kutsakatika kwakakwana huru simba. Kazhinji, zvose kuongororwa danho mains divi nemunhu undervoltage ataure (ataure kudzora danho). kukundikana pfungwa Akatsunga kubva voltage donhwe pazasi shoma pamwero pamusoro chero maitikiro. Information pamusoro voltage uye kakawanda iri chakasvitswa kuna MAD Panel, iyo inorondedzera mukana kuenderera zvitengeswa mitoro. The zvinobvumidzwa Minimum voltage uye kakawanda vanofanira hazvo kukundwa pamberi nokuchinja mitoro dzinofambiswa ne negadziriro yeparutivi jenareta, simba izvo zvinofanira kukutsigira.

The chikuru nguva kunonoka

ABP zano Kazhinji ane yakafara wokuti kuchinja kunonoka kwayo nguva mhinduro. Uyu inodiwa basa kuti mukana zororo kubva rusina disconnection huru simba panobva munguva pfupi kutyorwa ake. The kupfuura kwakapararira nguva kunonoka kudarika chero rwendo pfupi kuti varege kukonzera zvisingakoshi chinonyengera kutyaira Motors uye emagetsi nokuchinja mitoro pamusoro pavo. Kunonoka uku ari zvinobva 0 kusvika 6 masekonzi, mumwe wechipiri ndicho chete. Zvinofanira kuva pfupi asi kwakakwana kubatanidza kuti negadziriro yeparutivi simba panobva netsapo vatengi. Makambani akawanda nhasi vari kutenga simba uninterruptible magetsi ari okuchengetera mabhatiri, ichipa yakaderera-latency kubatana.

Zvimwe sokunonoka

Mushure kudzorera huru nemushonga, dzimwe nguva kunonoka zvakafanira nechokwadi zvakakwana kugadzikana mutoro chokukuvadza kubva negadziriro yeparutivi simba. Kazhinji, izvozvo anoda kubva razero kusvika matatu maminitsi. MAD jenareta anofanira kuchinja yokunzvenga nguva kunonoka ari kudzoka kuti anyatsoona, kana negadziriro yeparutivi rapera, uye chikuru kushanda zvakare kupengereka.

Wechitatu inonyanya kunonoka nguva rinosanganisira nguva injini kutonhora. In ake pamusoro Diesel-jenareta kudzora hurongwa anotonga waburuswa injini kusvikira anomira.

Kazhinji, kazhinji chinodiwa kuti chinja kune standby jenareta mutoro, kamwe kusvika yakakodzera voltage uye maitikiro mumatunhu. Zvisinei, mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, magumo vanoshandisa vanoda kutevedzana mashoko nokuchinja kwakaita mitoro yakasiyana pamusoro negadziriro yeparutivi jenareta. Kana waida, akatakurwa mazano akawanda nokuti MAD jenareta akaparirwa nomumwe nguva kunonoka, saka kuti mutoro inogona kwakabatana kuti jenareta chero achida kuti.

Anoruramisira chiyamuro mano Zvirongwa chengetedza

Tuso ari vaiona boka mano ndiyo nokuchinja matunhu yemagetsi, nokuchinja kubva mukuru kune standby chiyamuro. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, simba substations ABP zano rinogona chinozoiswa vaviri nomusi achikwirira uye kuderedza voltage. Muchiitiko chokutanga ayo actuating zvinhu unosimbiswa yakakwirira voltage haizoshandisi. Kana yechipiri, uye uko nokuchinja kwakaita mitoro pamusoro jenareta chiyamuro nokuchinja yakaderera voltage namano.

Vanogona kana kuva chikamu nhoo michina (Panel) ABP, kana angava zvokunze pacho uye chikamu mutoro redunhu simba zvitengeswa. Muchiitiko chokutanga zvichibvira kushandisa simba rinonzi magnetic actuators - pachirehwa mano kuti redundancy nevasiri maindasitiri vatengi simba pamusoro mitoro kusvikira wandei vemakumi KW. Nokuti dzakakwirira kugona kushandisa MAD pamusoro contactors. Driving mudziyo schematic zvakafanana pose.

Low-voltage zvokunze chiyamuro mano hushande vane dura simba redunhu namapoporodzi pamwe remagetsi actuators. Property Features AVR mudziyo ipfupi kana ichi kuti paumbwe uye ngaateme navo zvakakodzera pamusoro / kure anonongedzera.

Typical chikwata AVR 3 chiyamuro. The redunhu uye kushanda algorithm

Mwari akaronga kuti pave dzirambe dziripo mitoro pamwe voltage kubva 0,4 KV matatu simba zvinyorwa zviviri-danho matatu mains zvitengeswa uye-danho matatu Diesel jenareta chiyamuro. Varikutonga hofisi nomudonzvo Q1, Q2, uye Q3 rimwe nerimwe bushings zvinodzivirira mutoro 1st chikamu simba zvitengeswa rakavimbika.

The algorithm of chinogumbura riri sezvinotevera:

1. huru chiyamuro voltage ikoko. Zvadaro Q1 iri uye Q2 uye Q3 anoposhwa kure.

2. huru chiyamuro voltage asipo, asi pamusoro negadziriro yeparutivi zviri. Zvadaro Q2 iri uye Q1 uye Q3 anoposhwa kure.

3. Pazuva huru uye standby zvinoshandisa pakurima, hapana makakatanwa. Zvadaro Q3 iri uye Q1 uye Q2 anoposhwa kure.