316 Infantry Division pamusoro General Africa. History Division Masoja Feat

Vechiduku vari ikozvino zvakakwana vanoziva dzakakurumbira vatambi uye vaimbi vakakurumbira enyika uye vanhu kuita chinhu chikuru emakore apfuura, havasi kurifarira. Asi vakuru ichinyatsozivikanwa 316 Infantry Division pamusoro General Africa, akabvarura noupenyu hwavo vachitora nevaFascist muMoscow. Mumakore hondo uye pashure pehondo pamusoro Division Ndakanyorera mumapepanhau zhinji, uye vose 28 Africa paakanga afa vakava Heroes Soviet Union. Zvaizoratidza sokuti pangava zvakaipa? Mushure Feat kuti nyanzvi vanhu ikoko. Asi kwakanga zvinhu, achiratidza kuti 316 Infantry Division kusina kuipa uye hapana nani pane dzimwe dzakabatana, constraining vaNazi kumucheto Moscow. In nomumwe wavo heroically vakauraya mauto edu, izvo nokuti vamwe chikonzero hapana anoti chinhu, asi 28 Africa haana kufa zvose. Uyezve, havasi vose vaiva magamba, vamwe vavo ndakatozoguma ndava vatengesi. Chii - mouthing ari heroism ravarwi Soviet, kana chido kuziva chokwadi vanhu? Munyaya ino, yakavakirwa zvechokwadi zvinyorwa isu vakiridza nzira zviitiko makore iwayo, kusvikira zvose vaduku nevakuru chizvarwa vakadzidza chokwadi pamusoro magamba.

General Africa

Mukuru 316 Infantry Division, yakakurumbira IV Africa, aiva munhu anoshamisa. Akaberekwa ari 20.12.92 (akwegura maitiro) kana 1.1.93 (itsva), saka akawana uye chimurenga uye Hondo Yenyika First. Muna 1915 akarwa muuto Tsarist, asi kubvira 1918 akava Red Army, vakarwa pamwe Chapaev kukuru, uye kumuziva pachake. The kunozivikanwa mukuru akagadza jaya Scout Africa uye kakawanda akaratidza ushingi hwake, ushingi, ushingi uye kukwanisa kubata mabasa zvikuru ngozi zvishomanana kana pasina kurasikirwa. Kurayira ichi uye tarenda kwevanhu - kudzivirira masoja ayo uye panguva imwecheteyo kukunda muvengi - mukuru 316 Infantry Division, uye zvinoshamisa munhu varambe yokupedzisira youpenyu hwake. Chero zvazvingava, achatarisira neimwe murwi wake, sezvo ari chizvarwa mwanakomana, nokuti yaakanga achashevedza aksakals uye gare gare Batey. Makore Kunyange pashure 3.5 pashure pokufa musoro Panfilova mumwe murwi rake nyora ari kubatwa pakati Wall Berlin kuti Panfilovets uye kuwedzera mashoko: "Baba, ndinokutendai nokuda majombo."

Kuzvarwa 316th Infantry

Ndapedza kubva inifanduri chikoro Kiev Africa paakasvika Central Asia, apo akatungamirira pakurwisa negororo zvisungo. Uye kwose kwose, kunyange muzvinhu gomo kupfuura ngozi nemadandemutande Basmachi, tevere wake waaida uye shamwari yakavimbika zvikuru Masha, Maria Ivanovna. Hasha muhondo, akashinga, vakashinga uye panguva imwecheteyo akachenjera murwi Soviet Army I. V. Panfilova muna 1938 akagadzwa uto commissar of Kirghiz Soviet Republic. Uye panzvimbo iyi akanga mugove nzeve weshumba vaduku varwi, asi hakungoitwi nokudzidziswa chibooreso asiwo zvinodiwa nemhuri yako, kuti haisi yaingowanikwa zvose vehondo.

Pakutanga July 1941 I. V. Africa akaenda Aruma-Ata, apo vakatanga paumbwe imwe simba kurwa Unit, vaimudana "316th Infantry Division". Africa asarudza pachake vanhu mairi, achisarudza kuti Koshanda kurovedzera uye muduku vaKomonisiti. Paakasika chikwata kudaro guru, ane basa guru rakanga kurwisa vaNazi, Africa haana kukanganwa kuti vanodzima ayo - kunyanya vanhu, uye ipapo masoja chete, saka akagogodza kwavari zvinoitika ezvinhu akkommodasie, zvokudya, yakakodzera Amenities, kunyange kurongwa nokuti dzavo zvokuridza Concerts, uye vakadzi vose akaita issuance kuti masokisi uye pamipendero pachinzvimbo mudhebhe uye footcloths.

Training unyanzvi nemauto

The kunozivikanwa 316 Infantry Division kuti vakatakura mazana ugamba, pakutanga haana rakanyatsorongwa kurwa Unit, sezvo zvinoumba evadzimi ayo zvishoma aiziva unyanzvi hondo, vakawanda vakatya kunyange matangi. Naizvozvo, IV Africa inonyanyoshandiswa basa ndiko kuti kunodzidziswa zvechiuto zvayo divisional mamiriro, raakanga akapiwa mwedzi mumwe chete. From kambani vehondo uye rechiuto zvaaitaura- kudzidzisa vanhu kuranga, kutsungirira, uye pamwe pacho, vakapiwa kuti Kuronga 316 Infantry Division zvaisanganisira vanhu 34 vemarudzi (kwaiva kunyange vanhu kana vasinganzwisisi shoko Russian), akataura vavashandire nemasoja kubatanidza vose vari mumhuri ine ushamwari. The Kurovedza raiva refu kumanikidzwa anofamba, achiyambuka nzizi, achitora mukuru-rinobuda, ichitarira kucherwa namakoronga uye muchinjiziri hondo, kuvakwa kuyambuka. Kuti akurire kutya varwi vari Matangi dzavo, Africa akaronga kudzidzisa tarakita kurwisa, umo varwi vaiva pemigero akandomirira nematarakita anofamba achapfuura pamusoro pavo, uye ipapo akakanda kurovedzwa kwavo magirinedhi.

rubhabhatidzo moto

Mhiko varwi 316th Infantry Division akatora musi 30 July uye akasvika Novgorod uye akabatana ari 52 fung Army musi 18 Nyamavhuvhu. Nepo kwete kuhondo, weboka aiva nhamba evadzimi ushori kwacho. Kunyanya aikudzwa refutenendi chamambo ake platoon, akanga akabata "mutauro", pfuti uye kuparadza mashomanana vokuGermany. Yakanga ravo rokutanga kurwisa sortie, akapedza akasimba mweya evadzimi vakarera zvinobudirira.

Asi pamwero mukuru vemauto akavhiyiwa pedyo Leningrad 316 Infantry Division haana kutsigirwa mangwanani kwematsutso hwakatamisirwa nharaunda Moscow, mune rechi16 Army Rokossovsky. Panfilovskaya 316 pfuti Division vanofanira kumisa gwara pamusoro Volokolamsk uye vakatora kuzvidzivirira pamusoro-maira 50 mberi chidimbu. Kuno weboka akapinda atirari hondo 857 vakasuwa Kurganova, asi achiri Anti-uto midziyo Africa haana kukwana, kunyange iri kosi vaitova pfuti Anti-ndege uye dzedu mbiri Katyushas.

Military nzira Panfilova

Africa kufarira uye navatungamiri uye vanodzima ari mukuru, 316 Infantry Division akabhadhara chaizvo pachake nzeve, zvakanaka kuoma racho. Kuwedzera mikana kuhwina, akashandisa dzakabudirira nzira zvehondo, achinyengetedza mudonzvo kuti nzira, kunyange kupfuura nezvimwewo ezvinhu dika kudzivirira. Gare gare, nzira iyi achaponesa upenyu mazana evanhu, Chokwadi, anosimbisa mutemo wayo chikuru Batı, rave uyo akati vanhu aisada rufu rwavo, anoda vose vakapona.

Ndizvo chete imwe mienzaniso yakawanda mbiri apo anokudzwa refutenendi kumicheto. boka rake akatora skyscraper, asi akatorwa munzvimbo gobvu chindori matangi inifanduri muvengi. Micheto, vari vakatongerwa kufa, pakarepo akaenda chiito uye kwete chete akaputsa mhete, asi Akaparadzawo 3 matangi vakawanda kwevaNazi, uye iye neboka kubva encirclement kumbozorora. Gare gare, mumwe vokuGermany akanyora kuti vanodzima urove "mhuka" 316th Division zvakanga zvakaoma chaizvo, nokuti nguva dzose akaita pakarepo, pasina kuva pasi chero mitemo yehondo.

Kurwisana panguva Volokolamsk

zvakagadzirwa Vakawanda hwakatangwa mukuru 316th Infantry Division. Mumwe chidobi kunyange vaimudana kuti "loop Panfilova," uye akatanga kushandiswa mune dzimwe sectors nechemberi. Zvisinei, pasinei nezvingaedzwa kuitwa, panguva 316th paivawo ikakunda. Saka, musi waOctober 15, vokuGermany atanga kurwisa simba, achipa Africa nokupesana, vakawanda matangi. Chete pamusoro parutivi kuruboshwe, apo noushingi akarwa 1075 fung hondo, paiva zvinopfuura 150 dzakabatana. Kurwa kwakanga zvikuru rinorema, asi 316 Infantry Division kudzivisa encirclement, achiparadza urongwa Nazi sezvo Africa akakwanisa nenguva yokubatsira ake 1075 vakasuwa zvikuru Anti-tangi atirari.

Pashure 4 Mazuva, vanhu vokuGermany akanyahwaira achiswedera pedyo kuMoscow uye akatora dzimwe musha. In hondo idzi, chikuru heroism akaratidza Captain Lysenko, chengeta kwokudzivirira musha Ostashevo Captain Molchanov, pamwe vanodzima dzavo akapfura pasi 6 matangi. Asi vokuGermany vaida kuMoscow, zvisinei kurasikirwa kwavo. On October 25. Vaikanda panguva Africa Division vanenge 120 Matangi. Kuti aponese masoja ake Africa akarayira kuti shure uye ape Volokolamsk. akamuponesa Rokossovsky uye kuti yokuva pena Kubva chekutonga kuti chiito ichi - Zhukov.

Murwire Moscow

Rakafuridzirwa kubudirira vokuGermany rakaramba kurwiswa. Uya November 16, zuva yakaipisisa (by Zhukov akati) hondo nokuda Moscow uye zuva akaita kusingaenzaniswi Feat dzavo vanodzima 28 316 Infantry Division. VokuGermany vakaenda akamedura, ari Wehrmacht akapa Volokolamsk mirayiridzo kare 2 nekupesana kwakadaro. Kuvabatsira inifanduri nokupesana. Maererano netsamba kupukunyuka evadzimi, vaiva dzehondo, iro akagara ari inifanduri uye akatungamirira kuramba moto. Varwi edu kunyange haana kusimudza musoro wake kutarisa, apo kupotsera magirinedhi. Panguva iyoyowo, pamusoro ndege dzavo wakabhombwa. All aval ichi yorufu yakanangana mumwe 316th Infantry Africa nokupesana.

With kwezana kurwisa simba kupfuura akatanga musi Dubosekovo, apo 1075 ndipo Infantry hondo. Vakarayira Ilya Vasilyevich Capri. Muna 6 ndipo ichi kambani vakarwira Shiryaevo, 4th - zvakananga Dubosekovo, 6 - nyika pakati Petelino uye kukwirira 251. Panguva 4th boka nomuvengi akakanda pamusoro 60 matangi, uye wedu 1 chete uye 2 Anti-tangi pfuti platoon PTR !

The pfupi yakanga 4:00. Panguva ino, Africa akapfura pasi 18 muvengi Matangi akaparadza akawanda zana varwi. Mukuru shanduro: kuuraya mauto 28 zvose kambani, asi muvengi rikaguma. Akanga Akaurayawo uye murayiridzi enyika, matatu Vasiliy Klochkov, raiva yakakurumbira Mutsara nezvokuti Russia mukuru, asi po- mumusiye, sezvo Moscow ari shure kwedu.

rufu Panfilova

Nokuti Feat huru 316 Infantry Division Panfilova November 17 aiva Eighth Guards pfuti. Uyezve, iye akanga paakavapa ari Order of Red Banner. Africa akafara chaizvo kuti, sezvo refu akarota kuti rake raiva Guards. On November 18, akasangana nemwanasikana wake Valentina, mukoti rake kupesana. Pamusangano, Ivan akadana kumuzinda, riri mumusha Gusenevo kuti hurukuro Moscow tsamba. The kukurukura ari dugout uye kuvhiringidzwa shoko pamusoro itsva tangi kurwisa vaFascist. Africa akakurumidza kunze kuvanhu vake Akasvetuka kubva dugout. Panguva iyoyo goko kuparuka pedyo. Mumaziso akashamiswa vanhu General vakatanga kugadzirisa. By diabolical sezvineiwo, dukuduku banzurwa kumurova chaipo mutemberi. Zvinokudzwa gamba akavigwa muMoscow, Novodevichy kumakuva, uye rake ainzi pashure Africa.

Trophies uye kurasikirwa

Panguva yakaomesesa muchiuto kushanda ari Second World War, yaiva pamusoro November 16-19, akarasikirwa kwete chete kufarira mukuru 316 Infantry Division, achidzivirira Moscow. Motherland pakurwa izvi akarasika zviuru magamba. Saka, pakutanga paumbwe 316th weboka kwaisanganisira 11,347 varume, uye 16 November vakasiya anenge 7000. Kunyanya, muna 1075 hondo yaiva 1534, muna 1073-M - 1666, uye muna 1077-M - 2078 mauto uye vehondo. Mushure kuhondo yenhamo muna 1075-fung hondo varume 120 vakasara, kusanganisira vakakuvadzwa, muna 1073-mamita - 200, uye ari kupfuura hondo 1077th - vanenge 700 vaiva. Nokurasikirwa Chokwadi, zvinotyisa. The nomukurumbira 4-fung kambani vakapona vanhu 20 chete kubva 140. Kungorotawo hellish mugate Dubosekovo - Kryukovo Africa "vakabika" mumwedzi miviri. Panguva ino vakaparadza 9000 mauto eNazi uye matangi anenge 100, vakaputsa 4 mapoka Germany - 1 tangi, 1 motorized inifanduri uye 2.

Afterword kushandisa

Data anoratidza kuti musi 16 November akauraya zviuru evadzimi dzedu mbiri uyo akadzivirira Moscow. Nei yose anozivikanwa chete kuti Feat ravarwi 28 316th Infantry Division? Zvino vane pakunamata revashandi ari pepanhau "Red Star" Otenberga, Krivitsky, Koroteeva. Krivitsky akabvuma kuti akanga tega rondedzero yake pasi kumanikidzwa ezvinhu. Akapona hondo, mutungamiri 1075 vakasuwa I. V. Kaprov pamutemo akataura kuti venhau havana akasangana naye pachake, uye hakuna ruzivo achatorwa uye kuti vari kurwisana yakakurumbira vakaurayiwa panguva 28, uye vanopfuura 100 Africa. Vose akarwa akaita madhimoni, kudzivirira ose padiki wake yechizvarigo, asi Feat vanhu 28 haana. mazita All (vamwe vakafunga) evadzimi dzavo, uyo akava nomukurumbira Africa, Krivitsky zvokutaurira mukuru iroro 4th kambani Gundilovich, uye ichi chakaitika 2 months pashure hondo, uye mashoko Klochkova Krivitsky akanyora pachake.

Zvinouraya uye kunetsa notupukanana

Hapana mubvunzo kuti, 316 Infantry Division vakasarwa chete umhare, uye pamahombekombe nezvaanogona dzevanhu, kwete chete vakapemberera vanhu 28, uye mumwe nomumwe. Asi nemhaka kutenda zvakaipa avo pachavo hwake upenyu hausi panjodzi, mumwe Feat zvose varwi akaburukira heroism neboka duku revanhu. Saka, Krivitsky nyepera kurwa kuti akakwanisa kunzwa muchipatara kubva rimwe 28 Africa Natarova, uyo akafa nguva pfupi pashure pacho. Asi aisagona kuita izvozvo, nokuti panguva yehondo akakurumbira akanga afa 2 kwemazuva. Kuvakafa uye paakavapa paakanga afa Africa ine Daniel Kuzhebergenov (Kozhabergenov), izvo panguva kurwa musungwa vokuGermany. Zvadaro vakatizira musango, vakadzungaira imomo kusvikira akawanikwa vamabhiza Soviet General Dovatora. Chinokudza uye mibayiro panguva yaakanga kare zvichinzi, saka zvinyorwa zita rake uye remhuri zvakakurumidza atsiva Askar Kuzhebergenova, uyo akanga paakavapa izvozvo. Asi musoja zvakare muchirongwa muhondo wakakurumbira, sezvo akasvika 316 fung kupesana chete muna January 1942.

Zvinotevera zvikanganiso vanofara. Saka, akanga paakanga afa paakavapa Africa Paul Gundilovich (mutungamiriri), Illarion Vasilyev uye Dmitry Timofeev, Grigory Shemyakin, Ivan Shadrin. Vose vakapukunyuka pashure kurwa uye akashatirwa mubayiro wavo, kuva noutano hwakanaka. Gundilovich, zvinosuwisa, akafa muna April 1942, vamwe akakwanisa vapone hondo.

Hero kana mutengesi?

Chinonyanya hunonyadzisa richivafukidza kubwinya 316th Infantry Division, ndiye pechiitiko naIvan Evstafievich Dobrobabin, aimbova mukuru wedhipatimendi. Gundilovich kana zita rake, asingazivi chii Dobrobabin yakatorwa akaenda ave mupurisa, uye kunyange akava mukuru wemapurisa, saka vachishingaira akaita mabasa ake, kunyange zvazvo aionekwa gamba of Soviet Union, sevamwe paakanga afa. Paakasungwa, chirevo pamusoro awarding iye musoro yakanga yabviswa, uye mutengesi vakatongerwa makore 15 mujeri. Gare gare Dobrobabin akateterera kuti kubviswa kubva kwaari rusarura, asi nguva dzose akaramba. Rehabilitated izvozvo chete muna 1993, pashure kuziviswa rusununguko rweUkraine.

vamwe Africa

Kwete chete 4th Company of 316th Infantry Division akasiyanisa pachayo iri 16 November. Somuenzaniso, masoja 120 wa1 kambani aitsigira musha Matrenin. Akavaraira refutenendi Filimonov. Vakaparadza Matangi anoverengeka uye 300 vaFascist. Pakati 6th kambani kuti vamire pedyo Petelino, vanhu 15 chete vakapona kurwisa. vashomanana ichi ane maawa mashoma kuchengeta azvidzivirire, vasanyanya 5 matangi, asi mauto 15 vakaurayiwa. Under murayiro wechidiki refutenendi Kraeva 2nd Company wakaitwa skyscraper 231,5 uye kazhinji vasina Anti-tangi anoshongwa uye pfuti, asi sezvineiwo vakakwanisa kuchera 3 matangi, akaparadza 200 vaNazi kutora mukombe kubva 3 pfuti uye 1 motokari. The musha Sound 20 varwi edu, akarayira namachinda makuru Islamkulov uye Ogureev, akaputsa mumwe rechiuto weNazi muchina Gunners.

Zvakapembererwa dzakaitwa pamusoro mamwe mazuva. November 17, masoja 17 1073rd hondo akarwa kuti rufu mumusha Mykanino. Akauraya varwi 15, asi 8 kubva 25 kuuya kwavari Matangi vakaparadzwa. 18 November 1077 vanodzima 11 chemazana chehondo, akaraira refutenendi Firstov, pedyo nomusha tambo maawa mashoma (kusvika wokupedzisira mupenyu munhu) kurwisa munhu rechiuto ane matangi vaNazi vakarwa kure. Chinhu tsitsi kuti pezvaiitwa magamba izvi zvinozivikanwa kudaro zvishoma.