Wha: nhoroondo yokusika uye kubudirira. "AvtoVAZ"

Volga Automobile Plant akasikwa ari 60s remakore rapfuura. Kugadzirwa Izvi zvakaitika nguva kunokosha. Hurumende rayo kuvaka vakatsvaka zvinodiwa vagari Soviet ari oga motokari. Vaz pakutanga aronga kuva huru dzinotambudza kugadzirwa vakawanda muchina-kuvaka indasitiri of USSR. Mumakore apfuura, kunozivikanwa kambani akaziva nemateru nezvisingafadzi. mutakurwi ake motokari vanogona kuwanikwa vazhinji mumigwagwa venyika yedu.

Yakatangawo itsva yemashoko Vaz. Nhoroondo motokari vaRafa risingakanganwiki uye zvinofadza nokuda ose muchairi. Pashure pezvose, simba kugadzirwa uyu haana kuenzana yose Soviet Union.

pakusikwa kugadzirwa

Nhoroondo automaker kunotanga pakati 60-ies wekupedzisira remakore. Muna 1966, kwakasarudzwa kuvaka michina kugadzirwa mu Togliatti. "AvtoVAZ" hwakasikwa nokukurumidza chaizvo.

Equipment, kuita basa zvinogara, anobudiswa mafekitari kwete USSR uye nyika ushamwari kwachiri, asiwo kune makambani muEurope uye United States.

Muna August 1966, utungamiri munyika akagumisa chibvumirano rokuItari "Fiat". boka iri akabatsira kuvaka muguta Togliatti kunozivikanwa kugadzirwa. VokuItaly kwete chete akatora Zvinoshingaira mubasa rokuvaka kwacho, asi vakadzidzisawo magadzirirwo pakati kuurayiwa vepahofisi muzvigadzirwa kutenderera.

Panguva iyi, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa kazusnaya mamiriro ezvinhu. Muna Logo, afunga nokuda vemifananidzo Soviet, kwaiva kukanganisa. Pakabudiswa wake vokuItaly mu "Tolyatti" Shoko panzvimbo tsamba "Ini" akanyora tsamba «R». Marriage nokukurumidza chapedzwa.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Nhoroondo wha yaizova kukwana kana asina vaiona inoverengeka dzinonakidza chokwadi. Panguva kwakadzama pamwe vamiririri Italian Communist Party of utungamiri Soviet, izvozvo yakada chirongwa kuvaka hombe muchina-kuvaka zvebhizimisi muguta Stavropol. Muna 1964 zvakanzi kunzi muna Togliatti.

Chisarudzo ichi haana kurerutswa. Zita reguta apo fekitari yakavakwa, akapiwa kuremekedza General Munyori Communist Party kweItaly, Palmiro Togliatti. Akatambudzwa rufu kamwe pakashanya kuti nhume dzake Pioneer Camp "Artek" Young. Panguva iyi, vatungamiriri veSoviet aitaura pamwe shamwari dzaro, nezvokuzadziswa pamwe kwavanoita.

Kukudza ndangariro Secretary General nokukudzwa ake ainzi guta apo fekitari wokutanga "AvtoVAZ" rakadzikwa.

kutanga

Kubvira muna 1970, basa anotanga yakakurumbira Vaz. Volga Automobile Plant yakavakwa wakakurumidza kumhanya, saka batch mangé "masendi" wokutanga akaberekwa nokukurumidza. Izvi kunozivikanwa muenzaniso Vaz-2101. It akaitwa uwandu 6 zvidimbu. Motokari iyi yakapiwa zita "vakanciq". Mugore rokutanga kambani yakavambwa 100 zviuru. The michina kuti akaparadzirwa pakati zvavanobata Soviet emakambani somubayiro nehana basa.

Kudiwa nokuti "Zhiguli" aihuitira chete kugadzirwa vanokwanisa Vaz. History Rinotiudzawo pamusoro kukura aina rokutengesa mishonga kurutivi motokari hofori. Chete vazvo kunze kunzi "Zhiguli" akazonzi vakanciq. zita Pervoi muFrench kwainge "gigolo," kureva munhu akatamba mari.

Development kuti mhando

Pashure pakatanga kugadzirwa mu Togliatti "AvtoVAZ" zvivezwa itsva. On kumusika nyika akasvika Vaz-2102 uye Vaz-2103. nadzurudzo iyi atova kufarira zvose "sendi".

Kubva 1966 kusvika 1991, kugadzirwa vanokwanisa akanga pfungwa 5 mafekitari huru. Wokutanga Director General kuti "AvtoVAZ" Polyakov VN (mufananidzo kuratidzwa pazasi) uye vashandi vose chirimwa kunge chakatorwa muenzaniso motokari yokutanga pasi mashoko migwagwa yenyika.

"Kopeika" akasikwa ari kumumvuri Sedan Fiat 124. chete vagadziri vayo vakawedzera kusvika 175 mm pasi Clearance uye Akazadzisa kuturika uye mabhureki. "VeTroika" aionekwa panguva imwechete "muumbozha" muenzaniso. Zvakasiyana kubva "tuduku" kugadzira. "Vatatu" nedhimoni headlights 4, nani maonero dashboard, uyewo Chrome zvinhu.

The "chekare" muenzaniso

Mumakore akatevera zvakanzi vakava vashoma "chaiwo" Vaz yokutevedzera. History rinovazivisa yakanaka nokutengeserana nemotokari. Izvi zvinosanganisira Vaz-2104, 2105, 2106, 2107. Asi inonyanya kufarirwa aiva "Six". Makore anopfuura 30 ayo Serial kugadzirwa (kubvira 1976) rave kutengeswa vanopfuura mamiriyoni 4,3 motokari pefiyumu ichi.

The "quartet" uye "Zvishanu" vanozivikanwa se upfumi kirasi womuenzaniso. "Zvinomwe" kwaiva nani shanduro Vaz-2105. Designers vakava mufashoni panguva rectangular Maumbirwe headlights. Salon womuenzaniso mumwe vaivapo kwakashanduka uye modernized.

Kunatsiridzwa rwaiitwa munzvimbo injini. Vose mhando "chaiwo" kutengeswa zvakanaka. Uye ikozvino unogona kusangana vamiririri vechizvarwa ichi motokari mumigwagwa yedu.

tevera mazuvaano

Tevera "AvtoVAZ" mienzaniso yakagadzirwa muna 80s remakore rapfuura. Mumiriri chizvarwa ichi motokari yokutanga yakanga "Sputnik". In vanhu, pakarepo zvakazivikanwa se "masere". Indekisi muchina uyu aiva akakodzera mufananidzo. Vaz-2108 akapiwa rusununguko achikanganisa serin'i mberi magumo. Nokuti ichi akanga uyewo chakazonzi "mbezo".

muenzaniso uyu ane nani hutachiwana uye upgraded injini. All dzakawanda zvinoumba ari "masere" kambani akasika pamwe Porsche. Исаков В. И. поручил разработку дизайна отечественным художникам. Mukuru "AvtoVAZ" Isakov V. I. akapa kukura magadzirirwe omunzvimbo Artists. Kwapera nguva, pamusika akasvika shanu-musuo "masere" ane muviri mhando Sedan uye hatchback.

End 80s akacherekedza goho sezvo chiedza subcompact rakanzi "Eye". The kumumvuri mumotokari yakanga Daihatsu Cuore.

Pokuwa USSR

Dambudziko ragunzva anenge zvose mabhizimusi. Zvakanga zvisiri Kusara uye wha. Nhoroondo iyi zvebhizimisi aiziva refu dambudziko. Chikonzero chaiva chaizvo nechinzwano kwokunze zvinokonzera.

Pakutanga, "AvtoVAZ" aifanira izwi akadai makwikwi. Mumakore iwayo kumisika nemafashamo pamwe kupinzwa vaishandisa mota. Domestic mutakurwi motokari iri dzavaigara asinganyimi mvura. Kudiwa zvibereko kamwe akabudirira yemabhizimisi kwangoderera.

Mumakore 90 "AvtoVAZ" motokari dzakabudiswa mavhoriyamu duku zvikuru. Panguva iyi, basa unocheka yakasvika 25%. Pasinei dzinopiwa nehurumende uye kuwedzera tsika nemabasa ari motokari dzekunze, kudiwa akawira zvakanyatsochinja.

Employment panguva dambudziko nguva

"AvtoVAZ" munguva dzenhamo ari kusika zvivezwa itsva. Mukutanga 90s nyika akamboona rimwe shoma yemashoko iyi, Vaz-2110. "Gumi" ndiyo nani shanduro "Group of Vasere". Izvi Sedan womuenzaniso une nani mukati magadzirirwo yepakutanga muviri manyorerwo.

Mumakore gumi akatevera, kurimwa haana kuziva kuchinja. Chete muna 2003, akapinda dzinoti Kugadzirwa Chevrolet niva (Vaz-2121). Ndicho chete mumhuri wokuenzanisira yaitengeswa Japan.

Pane inonakidza mashoko mukuru Mugadziri "niva" Prusova PM pamusoro vabvunza musoro muenzaniso uyu. Akati kuti chiri Acronym tsamba yezita mwanasikana wake (Nina uye Irina) uye vanakomana mukuru akagadzira «GM-AvtoVAZ" (Vadim, Andrew) rokutanga.

Investments mukurima

"AvtoVAZ" unomborarama kutsigirwa ehurumende bhajeti, asi zvakanga zvisina kukwana kuti kumutsa ebhizimusi kubva refu dambudziko. Zvinhu zvakanga kuwedzerwa munyika kukakavara pamusoro zvarinoroora wekambani. zviitiko kuba pfuma vakanga rakashuma guru chaizvo pamwero. rakawandisa ava akaenzana wepagore kwemari kubva pakutengeswa wekambani. Naizvozvo, zviitiko zvose izvi zvinoita kuti buda kubva maturo ezvinhu.

Muna 2009, kuderera zveminda kubva rokutengesa yakasvika chinyorwa pamwero 39%, tichienzanisa yapfuura nguva. Kwakadaro pokuwa kambani haazivi nhoroondo yacho. , Zvikuru matanho Paidiwa kuti kambani hazvina kumisa basa rayo. Nokuti ichi isu akadira yakakura upfumi kupinda zvinhu.

Muna July 2009, guta guru mvumo wechaunga yakawedzera 240 mln. Euro. Muchiitiko chino, Renault-Nissan, kambani anazvo 25% of migove, uye "Technologies Russian" - 44%. On nezvenzvimbo mukuru Mugadziri Steve Mattin akagadzwa. Iye kare akabata yakafanana chinzvimbo zvinonetsa Mercedes, Volvo. Kubvira panguva iyoyo akatanga Renaissance.

"AvtoVAZ" Museum

Pasina mubvunzo, nyaya "AvtoVAZ" inonakidza. zvigadzirwa awo chiratidzo chaicho iyoyo. Hazvishamisi, pane miziyamu kuti "AvtoVAZ". It riri muguta Togliatti. It iri urongwa kuna rinozivikanwa kwete nyika yedu asi kunze muchiso "vakanciq". Pashure pezvose, akasvika pakuzivikanwa munyika yose muchina, akaita nyika yedu.

Pane zvakawanda zvinhu zvinokosha kuti motokari hofori. Pano unogona kusangana uye vokutanga mhando anobudiswa pashure pokuwa USSR, uye specimens kupfuura kare. Vamwe motokari vanoonekwa zvino hazvichaonekwi mumigwagwa. Havana chete zvibereko kwemakore akawanda, asi akadzora zvachose pabasa.

"AvtoVAZ" miziyamu akagadzirira kuratidza vaenzi ayo okutanga "sendi" Cherry ruvara, iro akatengeswa mushure Implementation yacho samambure. muridzi wayo vakatoita motokari dzavo kwemakore anopfuura 19. Muna 2000, akapa kuna miziyamu. Nokuti ichi "AvtoVAZ" kwakamutsa anorichengeta motokari itsva, achangobva wakaburuka kubva conveyor fekitari. Ndicho chikuru kugadzirwa mutakurwi motokari anokodzerwa mukurumbira uye kuzivikanwa.

The kambani nhasi

Pashure pokubuda munhu kwenguva refu, rakadzika dambudziko Vaz, ane nhoroondo iri dzaiva dzakapararira siyana zviitiko, zvakare kuwedzera kugadzirwa. Kare muna 2004, takaona chiedza pose hatchbacks uye sedans "Kalina". Kubvira inoitwa unremitting pave itsva zvakagadzirwa uye zvinoumba ari "vakanciq".

muenzaniso idzva rainzi "Priora" yakabudiswa muna 2007. The kudiwa panguva iyoyo akanga achiri kuwa. Kumukurudzira, isingadhuri shanduro "Kalina" yambokurukurwa. Rainzi "Grant." nguva iri chiratidzo "AvtoVAZ" nzira kunze dambudziko. Wedzerai kugona.

Muna 2012, "vakanciq", "Largus" womuenzaniso yambokurukurwa pahwaro Renault Logan motokari. Nokuti kubudirira kunozivikanwa zvebhizimisi kunoda inzwi nzira uye, pfungwa itsva unconventional uye inivhesitimendi zvakakwana. With rworudyi kusvika, kambani iri zvakare anokwanisa kuunza mari huru hurumende. Kuti aite izvi, ano "AvtoVAZ" pane zvose zvaangaita. Kugadzirwa Izvi zvinogona kuva kwete chete zvinobatsira, asi kuti kuwanazve ayo wenyaya kunozivikanwa zvebhizimisi zvezvipfuwo uye dzakawanda mapurani.