Version of Ubuntu: muchidimbu, features, maonero wongororo. Sei kuziva shanduro Ubuntu?

Ubuntu zvabudiswa kuitika mwedzi mitanhatu ose kubva Ltd - pakutanga yokuvaka. Mumwe mutsva shanduro "Ubuntu", kuwedzera zita, achishandisa gore uye mwedzi resununguro sezvo Serial nhamba yacho. Kusunungurwa wokutanga goko Somuenzaniso, anonzi Ubuntu 4.10 uye akasunungurwa musi October 20, 2004. Somugumisiro, nhamba mushanduro ramangwana vari dikidiki; kana kusunungurwa iri kunonoka kusvikira vamwe mwedzi (kana kunyange makore) panyaya aronga, kuparadzira nhamba zvichachinja maererano.

Sei zvabudiswa?

Ubuntu shanduro rakagara richidudzirwa dzakapfigirwa GNOME zvabudiswa (inenge mwedzi), izvo zvaizoitawo yakabudiswa anenge mwedzi mumwe pashure zvabudiswa pamusoro X.Org. Somugumisiro, nomumwe "Ubuntu" nyaya nechipiriso chitsva shanduro GNOME uye X.

Ose wechina chinyorwa kubuda mu chechipiri kota nomumwe kunyange-kuverengwa gore, anoita somunhu kuparadzira nokutsigira-refu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti izvi zvabudiswa Os ichishanduka uye kuwana reserved kwemakore mashanu uye michina kutsigirwa Dzechokwadi Ltd. Izvi zvinosanganisira shanduro Ubuntu 6,06, 8,04, 10,04, 12,04, 14.04 uye 16,04. Zvisinei, zvose nokugoverwa kuti vakasunungurwa kuti "Ubuntu 12,04?" chete akatsigira kwemakore matatu chete.

Dzimwe shanduro rakapa pamberi 13,04 kazhinji akaramba kwemwedzi 18, uye kazhinji murege kubva musi pamberi rinotevera "-refu nokutamba" kugovera. Kuti Zvisinei, akachinja, sezvo Ubuntu13.04 - rutsigiro nguva yave kuderedzwa hafu, kusvikira 9 months.

Iyo shanduro Ubuntu ndiyo azvino?

Kusvika panguva ichangobva kusunungurwa Os uyu Ubuntu 16,04 LTS Xenial Xerus. 21 October, 2015 ari Developers akazivisa kuti Ubuntu 16.04 LTS achanzi XenialXerus, kana "noushamwari pasi tsindi." Izvi goko kubuda musi April 21 2016 uye akanga pakarepo akaonga nokuda nyanzvi. Ungarondedzera sei izvozvo?

The default Desktop mhoteredzo kuramba kuramba chete - Unity 7, pamwe kusarudza kuti ndiwedzere kuva shanduro 8 kusunungurwa anowedzera rutsigiro cephalometric uye ZFS-faira mugadziriro, LXD-hypervisor (uchishandisa Seccomp) nokuti OpenStack, uyewo rutsigiro Snappy package. Mukuwedzera, uchishandisa hurongwa anoshandisa Systemd pachinzvimbo Upstart sezvo nehurongwa initialization.

kusunungurwa ichi chakatsiva Ubuntu Software Center pamwe GNOME Software software, uyewo kubvisa zvazvakashatira ISO faira. Sezvinotevera kubva zvakataurwa nenyanzvi, Ubuntu Software Center aiva mudziyo chakaipa kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. The kuitika update yave zvikuru akavandudza "Ubuntu" rimwe user.

Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti Ubuntu 16,04 LTS Haritsigiri AMD tiwedzere (fglrx) vatyairi kuti AMD / ATI Graphics makadhi, uye pachinzvimbo rinorumbidza vakasununguka-software amdgpu Radeon. Zvisinei, varege kupa Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri Graphics unongotaura.

Kusunungurwa rokutanga shanduro iyi Ubuntu - 16.04.1 - achava kuwanikwa vose vanoshandisa pamwe July 21, 2016.

Next vaitarisira kusunungurwa "Ubuntu"

April 21, 2016 pakaziviswa kuti Ubuntu 16.10 achanzi Yakkety Yak, uye shanduro achabudiswa October 20, 2016. kusunungurwa Izvi zvinosanganisira Unity 7, asi ichapa kusarudza shanduro 8, akabatanidza ISO Shanduro kubvumira vanoshandisa kutsanangura yavo. Other yakazivisa kuvandudzwa zvinosanganisira mutsva shanduro-software Ubuntu software, izvo zvichaita kutsigira Downloads dzichimhanya, rutsigiro nani installation murayiro mutsetse (chete mafomu asina y), rutsigiro kugadzwa fonts uye Multimedia codecs, uyewo nani kukurudzira akabhadhara mafomu.

Ndinoziva sei Ubuntu shanduro iri mudziyo wako?

Dzimwe nguva vanoshandisa vanokanganwa chaizvoizvo iyo shanduro Ubuntu kumhanya ari mudziyo wavo. Kuti uzive risingabereki kutora zvikuru. Nida achange kurondedzerwa sei kuita izvi kubva murayiro mutsetse uye graphical User inowanikwa.

Check shanduro "Ubuntu" kubva chinouraya

Nzira iyi Achashanda pasinei shanduro Os uye chii pakombiyuta mamiriro ezvinhu here kushanda muna Ubuntu Linux. Russian Dzvene cheki saizvozvo.

Chokutanga, svinudzai chirwere. Kana ukashandisa Kubatana kana zvimwe graphical User inowanikwa, unogona kuwana kushanda inonzi Terminal muna LaunchPad.

Kamwe iwe uvhure murayiro nokukasira, pane murayiro nyore kuti ungashandisa kuwana shanduro kwenyu "Ubuntu" murayiro .This riri sezvinotevera: lsb_release -a.

Pashure paizvozvo, mutsetse achaita kuratidza mashoko enyu uchishandisa hurongwa, kusanganisira kuparadzirwa mukamuri.

Check shanduro Ubuntu pamwe Unity

Kana uri kushandisa Unity, basa iri nyore zvikuru. Chokutanga, uende "System Zvamada" kubva pakombiyuta, riri munzvimbo huru menu Unity. Unogonawo kuenda "System Settings" iri LaunchPad Unity, kana zviri nyore iwe. How kuongorora shanduro Ubuntu saizvozvi?

System Kurongwa Muterere inzira batsira nzira kuita zvakawanda mashandiro anoita murayiro mutsetse zvakananga kubva y. Chakawedzera vanoishandisa yokugadza reserved, nguva kuchinja, uye zvichingodaro - unogona zvose kuitwa kubva Muterere. Click on Tab "More" riri pasi "System Zvamada."

Saka iwe uchava kuratidza mashoko ose pamusoro shanduro "Ubuntu" uri kushandisa. Iyi inzvimbo huru kuona kwete chete mashoko pamusoro nokuwanda anodawo enyika, asi kuti uone sei ndangariro zvikuru anowanikwa pamusoro mudziyo, chii chiri CPU wako mhando (CPU) uye GPU (Graphics), uyewo zvachose vanokwanisa pakati zvakaoma disk.

Zvisinei, kana uchida kuti nhamba yakazara wenyu Linux Ubuntu version (somuenzaniso, «14.04.3 LTS», uye kwete «14.04 LTS»), unofanira kushandisa murayiro mutsetse nzira inorondedzerwa pamusoro. The graphical inowanikwa haigoni kukubatsira.

Sei dzifambirane mashoko "Ubuntu" inotevera shanduro

Vanhu Vazhinji vanofarira kuti namano avo yoku- uye dzinoshanda nhasi Os. kuti ndiwedzere shanduro Ubuntu sei?

Chekutanga, unofanira kurangarira kuti chero ndiwedzere chokuita makuru uchishandisa maitiro zvabudiswa, kutakura unogona kukundikana, mashoko kurasikirwa kana vakadhakwa Software configuration. Revatema negadziriro yeparutivi uye nekuongororwa yakakura zvikuru anokurudzirwa Chero zvazvingava, kunyange kana uri yemhando user.

Below akapiwa Tutorial yokuti mudziyo wako kumhanya pamusoro Ubuntu 15.10, configured pamwe Sudo-ropafadzo nokuda administrative mabasa.

Nepo vakawanda hurongwa zvinogona yoku- pakarepo pasina dambudziko, njodzi mhinduro yaizova kuenda shangu faira, shanduro itsva, gadza kubva muvare uye kugadzira basa pamwe nokungwarira yokuedzwa uye youhu chikumbiro Data ari oga danho.

Zvaunofanira kuziva asati upgrading?

Yeuka kuti mumaraibhurari, mitauro uye maitiro mabasa angachinja yekudyidzana. In Ubuntu 16,04 zvinokosha kuchinja zvichienzaniswa yapfuura LTS kusunungurwa, kusanganisira kuchinja kuti initialization pachinzvimbo Upstart Systemd maitiro, uye kusimbiswa rutsigiro Python 3 ne7 panzvimbo PHP PHP 5.

Usati mberi huru ndiwedzere chero ezvinhu, unofanira kuva nechokwadi kuti usarasikirwa umboo kana update anoenda zvakaipa. Nzira yakanakisisa kuzadzisa chinangwa ichi - kuti negadziriro yeparutivi yose faira hurongwa. Uchishandisa Digital Ocean Droplet, unogona kushandisa zvisiri nzira - kudzima hurongwa uye kuti kutarisa.

Usati dzifambirane rokusunungura, asi zvikuru ndechokuti hwokugadza ichangobva shanduro dzose Mabhokisi kuti magetsi shanduro. Kutanga mazita basa packs it: Sudo update APT-Get.

Iwe kucharatidzwa mazita reserved zvinogona kuitwa. Sarudza "Hongu" uye wokudhinda Enter. Izvi zvinogona kutora nguva. Pamusoro Payakapera, shandisa DIST-ndiwedzere, izvo ucharizadzisa reserved chokuita configuration kuchinja, kuwedzera kana kubviswa Mabhokisi zvitsva sezvinodiwa. All queries ezvinhu akapindura "hongu" uye kumirira kwacho kupedzisa.

Zvino iwe nezvichangobva reserved nokuda Ubuntu 15.10, unogona kutsiva Os pamusoro versiyu16.04. Download chishandiso "Ubuntu" reserved. Kuti aite izvi, kumhanya zvinotevera murayiro: sudo vaigona-ngavawane update.

Pachivanhu Debian zvabudiswa vakapiwa mukana chiwedzerwa nokuchinja /etc/apt/sources.list APT, iyo inorondedzera pasuru repositories. Ubuntu achiri kushanda nenhungamiro Debian, zvingangoita saka kwacho vachiri kushanda pasina dambudziko. Zvisinei, panzvimbo, zviri chinodiwa kushandisa mudziyo inopiwa "Ubuntu" chirongwa, iro kurongedza macheki zvose nokuda shanduro itsva rinopa update yacho sources.list, uye kuita mamwe mabasa. Zvinonzi pamutemo varumbidzwa nzira dzifambirane kuti Server kuurayiwa pamusoro kure kubatana.

Tanga vachimhanya update asina kuita: sudo vaigona-kuwana DIST-ndiwedzere.

Kana uri zvakabatana maitiro ako Via SSH (kazhinji, iwe une Digital Ocean Droplet), ukakumbirwa kana uchida kuramba. Panguva murayiro nokukasira, mhando Y uye muchisviniro Kupinda kuramba.

Next, ungave yazivisa kuti mukova girazi wawanikwa. On Digital Ocean ezvinhu, unogona zvakachengeteka kusateerera yambiro iyi uye mberi ndiwedzere ari munharaunda girazi kuti 16,04 chaizvoizvo iripo.

Muchakumbira "Unoda overwrite 'sources.list' faira '? Kana iwe sarudza "Hongu", pachava update izere uchishandisa hurongwa. Kana sarudza "No" munhu update zvichabviswa wacho.

Mushure itsva pasuru mazita vari paIndaneti uye kuedza kuchinja, iwe uchava rwakakurudzira kutanga update. Press Y, ipapo kuramba.

vachizvitakudza

Kugadzwa MASHOKO EZVAKAITIKA kunogona kutora maawa akawanda. Mushure dhanilodhi muitiro haigoni wacho.

Mushure Mabhokisi itsva vapedza kugadzwa kwenyu, ukakumbirwa kana wagadzirira kubvisa sharuka package. Panguva murayiro kuita pasina User configuration, nzira iyi inofanira kuva akachengeteka. Click "hongu". Kana iwe dzifambirane hurongwa hwako hwose pamwero mukuru, unogona kupinda D kuongorora pamazita Mabhokisi kuti ichabviswa.

Pakupedzisira, kana zvose zvikafamba zvakanaka, iwe uchava kuudzwa kuti update zvakakwana uye reboot runodiwa. Kupinda Y mberi.

kupera

Mirira kombiyuta kuti vene zvakare uye reconnect. Kana hurongwa majombo, unofanira kuona shoko achisimbisa kuti uri vakatamira Xenial Xerus Ubuntu (kugadzikana shanduro rutsigiro).

Zvino unofanira akamisa vanoshanda kuisa Ubuntu 16,04. Zvichida, uchava kuongorora zvakakodzera configuration kuchinja uye kutumirwa mafomu mabasa.