Tradition akashandisa epitaphs pazvivako uye ayo kwakatangira

Varume vose vari vanofa. Pasinei zvakaoma zvakanga, asi zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti kana vanhu vakura vari vakavigwa muduku, izvi zvinoitika nenzira zviitiko. Zvizhinji kuipa kana nyaya yakasiyana.

Kunyora mashoko epitaph pamusoro shongwe vabereki vanogona kuvimba mabhuku tarenda ravo, kana kusarudza mashoko ari Directories, ivo vari kubudirira chaizvo dzakasiyana. Kufanana chero Genre, zviratidzo izvi akasuwa vane mitemo yavo pachavo. Ivo vakaita kuti yakareba, saka unofanira kufunga kuburikidza navo nokungwarira.

The tsika kuisa epitaph pamusoro Zvivako yakabuda muGirisi yekare, kunyange zvazvo mashoko pamusoro tombstones dzimwe nguva wakavezwa pamberi. Chido kuchengeta kuyeuka nevadiwa rinowanikwa mune vanhu kubva vakatanga kufunga nezvezvinoreva upenyu uye zvinoreva rufu.

Shoko "epitaph" chakaumbwa nemidzi maviri echiGiriki, "epi" kunoenderana yedu akatarwa-pamusoro bhokisi "pamusoro" uye "tafos" zvinoreva guva. Saka chinhu mariro. Zvechokwadi, akanga ari mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kunyora zviri kukodzera. The chinyorwa inofanira kuva pfupi, anotaurisa, ane ruzivo pamusoro munhu ane muviri ndinongopfuura ugere pasi tombstone.

The epitaphs Russian pazvivako akatanga kushandiswa muzana XVIII remakore. Kusvikira panguva iyoyo, kuvigwa kubatwa chiratidzo zita wemufi uye nyore chishongo, kushongedzwa mushandi. Special epitaph paakavapa makuva vakakurumbira vanhu, kana upenyu hune chepamusoro simba kana chinokosha nemano. Magwaro anonzi vashanyi makuva manzwiro akakodzera, vanyori vavo vakava vadetembi, dzimwe nguva mukurumbira, pakati pavo pakange GR Derzhavin. Memory Admiral Chichagova kunyange akabhadhara mutero kuna Empress Catherine II, yake kunyora wokufananidzira epitaph rinoratidza kubatsira vakauya navo kuna Yababa.

The epitaphs pazvivako akatanga mabhuku mabasa, akafanana kune epigram, mune chinhu chakafanana pfupi mundima. Chokwadi chokuti tamba matauriro wokupedzisira kufanira pamwe anosuruvarisa chiitiko rokutanga, hachishandi havatsvaki. The magwaro epitaphs XVIII - XIX emakore kakawanda chinosetsa motifs. Kunyanya kwakadaro mafungiro rufu rwake rwakanga yo vakuru Russian, izvo Akasiyanisa bravostyu mune zvose zvatinoita muupenyu, kubvira Amorous adventures, tichipedzisira makadhi uye waini, tisingatauri zvakapembererwa zvombo. "Kwaiva chivi, akafa musoro", "Ndaiva Ini hussars zvino avete pasi nyoro. Just kana ndaiva doro. Ake nguva drink zhizha, uye zvokunwa vodka, uri mupenyu, "uye akafanana epitaphs pazvivako ipapo rikashandiswa kakawanda.

Vanhu chakakomba uye judicious kazhinji vachiri vapenyu uye utano anoumbwa magwaro hwakanaka ikazopiwa kugogodza pamusoro madota dzavo. Kwete nguva dzose vanokudzwa vanyori nounyanzvi werudzii kwakadaro, nekuti epitaphs nokukurumidza akava vakapfuma XIX remakore, vatengesi dzimwe nguva kukonzera involuntary kunyemwerera chido kutaura navo pfungwa pasina uye nyora zvose mazita kuwanwa muupenyu huno.

Nhasi, zvinosuruvarisa inonaka nguva kuchinja avo kunyora epitaph nokuda hama dzakafa. Asi shoko iri, zvakagadzirirwa kuratidza zvose kudzama kusuwa uye sabvumika varasikirwa. Ko okuti "Muchakavata zvakanaka, murume anodikanwa, anoda kubhabhatidzwa sayenzi michina"? Izvi kunyange hatidi kufunga ... Zvinoita benzi kuratidza apo uye pfungwa-kuti zvaizova zvisina kukodzera ipenye?

Concise uye chaizvo chaizvo mashoko "Pano nhema Suvorov" riri guva anokudzwa Generalissimo. Nanhasi, hapana anofanira kutsanangura aiva ani. Kuzvininipisa uye nokukudzwa anokodzera mumwe dombo repaguva wenyaya, kana kuva epitaph pamusoro mbuya Monument, anoshamisa wemauto kana kuti vanhuwo murume, kurarama nyore uye akatendeseka upenyu.