Thesaurus: chii. Thesaurus, riri kupfuura duramazwi

Kuwedzera mune dzakawanda zvirongwa, mabhuku, mabhurocha, Indaneti zvinhu unogona kuwana rokuti "thesaurus". Kufanana inoshamisa chakajairika, izvozvo kutyiswa yayo unexplored, nekuti nyore kutaura 'Dictionary', pane kushandisa wavatorwa tsananguro.

Thesaurus: chii? Sei zvakasiyana zvake duramazwi? Ngatiedzei kuongorora nyaya idzi muudzame uye ruripo.

Kududzirwa rokuti

Pakutanga, pfungwa yacho thesaurus chakaonekwa mashoko kwemashoko, rinomirira shanduro pamwe kushandiswa ivhu mundima mutauro.

Treats anopisa thesaurus sezvo imwe mutauro duramazwi, mashoko anoyeuka zvakazara, apo Yefremov inoongorora Fani iyi nemaonero ane hurongwa akagadzirwa mashoko neimwe munda zivo.

Zvikuru chaizvo tsanangudzo rinoshandiswa philology, pane chinorehwa thesaurus duramazwi-mhando chazvo, sezvamakaropafadzwa zvirevo zvose mashoko chokuita kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro ukama pakati pavo uye dzinoumba kiyi pfungwa imwe reshiyo soumambo.

Sezvatinogona kuona, zvakaoma kupindura mubvunzo: "Thesaurus:? Chii" inonanga. Kuti uwane yakatetepa izwi, funga kudzidza munhoroondo kuwanika mhando uye ukama muduramanzwi pamusoro lexical vamapoka ichi mhando.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Kuvambwa baba thesaurus anoonekwa ane Chirungu yefizikisi, Roger, ndiye muna 1852 systematized pakutaura mutauro wacho Chirungu, kuti vaipe kuna mapoka. Uyezve, mumwe boka Aimiririrwa zita pfungwa, uye ipapo kwakauya anoreva zvakafanana nokuti mamwe mativi pakutaura, ndandanda chokuita zvinhu, uyewo anotaura mazita mamwe mhando. Pfungwa imwe kupatsanura kwakadaro kwakanga inokosha chaizvo nokuti Dictionary kwainzi kwazvo rwokuzvarwa, akarondedzera mashoko mutauro wayo nepose patinogona. Muchiitiko chino, zvaigona kushandiswa sezvo kukurumidza kundotsvaka pfungwa inokosha. Sezvo rokutanga thesaurus uye zvichiri kuitika nguva dzose kuchinja kwaiita mashoko rinoshandiswa muminda zivo zhinji uye kwakakurumbira chaizvo pose. Muchidzidzo ichi wenyaya: "Thesaurus: chii?" Kunokosha nemasangano akawanda rokudzidzisa.

Saka kure, thesauri kuramba zvikuru nzira yakakurumbira kutsanangura ruzivo chero munda zvinodiwa vakarongeka yevanhu-verengeka.

The ukama mashoko ari thesaurus

The inonyanya ukama ari dzenhoroondo thesaurus ndiwo:

1. Synonymy - kutanga umo mashoko zvinesungano chikamu chimwe hwekutaura ane lexical rinoreva zvakafanana. Somuenzaniso: Simba-yokumusha, chikwata, kukupfura, nezvitsvuku - red, etc.
2. Rokupikisa - Link chikamu chimwe pakutaura mashoko ane chakatarisana lexical zvaanoreva. Somuenzaniso: Kunyarara - ngaritinhire, munyoro - dzemakwiringwindi.
3. Spook (seppuku) - anokosha ukama kuitira kurondedzera emazita. Hyperons rinofarirwa lexical rinoreva akataura Generic zita, zvakajairika vekirasi (yakatarwa) zvinhu, zvinhu, kureva, zvivako zvayo uye unhu. Hyponym ane nhete ukoshi, rinoati chinhu (hunhu, pfuma) somunhu chinhu zvimwe yakatarwa kana kirasi. Kuti vave nechokwadi kuti ukama izvi zvava pachena, tinopa muenzaniso nyore chaizvo. Words uye mhuka ingwe interconnected, apo vakawanda zita - mhuka - iri hyperonyms kurutivi hyponyms ingwe.
4. Meronimiya (partonimiya) - ukama emazita vari yakaumbwa panheyo "chikamu - wose". Somuenzaniso, funga mashoko ndege kumhara giya, kakomba. Panyaya iyi, vanhuwo zita pakufamba - neHoroni (zita yose) uye rokuti kwayo nhengo - meronimy.
5. Kuferefeta (pakati verbs ukama). Somuenzaniso, shoko enda uye muuye akasungwa muitiro uye mugumisiro wayo (mugumisiro).
6. Chikonzero (sezvakaita bvumidzwa chete verbs). Funga muenzaniso noukama hwakadaro, tora mashoko kukuvadza - Miss. Panyaya iyi, chikonzero kunogona kurondwa - kusuwa, nekuti paiva nezvinetso zvoutano.

Thesaurus ndiko, ichionekwa zvinotevera muenzaniso.

Bed - zano kuti hope.

[Hyperons]: fenicha
[Meroni] 's musha
[Fanano] bhenji, mubhedha.

Izvi ndizvo chaiwo muenzaniso thesaurus mutauro Russian, zvisinei, maduramazwi zvose izvi mhando hunovakirwa musimboti ichi.

thesaurus basa

Thesaurus anotakura chinokosha munzanga, kukurukurirana, kutsvakurudza uye nezvimwe mabasa.

Ndiye:

• kunobva unyanzvi mune yakafara kana yakatetepa nyaya nharaunda, iyo nzira arayira, mashoko achirondedzera nyaya nzvimbo ;
• kutsvaka kushandisa imwe mashoko murukova;
• Hand maturusi, kuongorora zvinyorwa zviri kutsvaka injini;
• chishandiso otomatiki Indexing magwaro akaoma.

mhando thesauri

The siyana maduramazwi hunodiwa kuti funga kwete mubvunzo: "Thesaurus: chii?", Asi zvakare kuteerera mhando. Izvi zvichatibatsira kuti zvirinani kunzwisisa zvinoitwa ichi mhando nemaduramazwi.

1. Maduramazwi ari vakaparadzana pamatavi ruzivo -. Philological, pedagogical, kwouzivi nezvimwe thesauri. List zvinokosha mashoko vari kuratidza zvichibvira zvose ukama ari pakati pavo.
2. Information kudzosa (IPT) - kushandiswa sechekushandisa otomatiki kana Chinyorwa kudzosa. The Institute yakavambwa anenge zana sectoral thesauri, izvo dzinoenderana hurumende mitemo. Possible kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro ukama pakati pfungwa vanoshandisa matatu: kubva Generic, anoreva zvakafanana uye associative (vamwe vose).
3. Thesauri chaicho mutauro. Somuenzaniso, WordNet - inozivikanwa Thesaurus mutauro wacho Chirungu, akasikwa kuti rondedzero yakatodzama mashoko akashandiswa uye Conceptual midziyo.
4. Mitauro (yezvisikwa) - kubvumira kuwana mashoko chokuita mumwe mumitauro.
5. Kunewo tsika thesauri, vachiisa basa zvakabudiswa pakati systematization yematemu mune imwe nharaunda ruzivo kuti zvakakodzera kuti Newest nyaya munzvimbo.

mhedziso

Tinovimba kuti aigona mumutauro nyore kutsanangura kuti thesaurus. mienzaniso yakafanira nyore kunzwisisa sei kusiyana nemamwe maduramazwi. Tinewo pachena nyaya mashoko acho thesaurus, izvo zvinonzi nevakawanda kushandiswa mashoko gadziriro nokukurumidza kuwana uye kuronga mamiriyoni zvinhu.