The muvambi Tomas e Tourism. Development kuti kushanyirwa nhoroondo uye kubudirira

Mumazuva edu okufamba kune dzimwe nyika akava chinhu nezuva. Kuti aende chero pakona nyika, haufaniri chete kugadzirira imwe mari uye tsvaka nesangano pakufamba. Tiri kushandiswa saka kune pfungwa "ushanyi" kuti vanofunga kuti ichi mhando pazororo kare aripo. Zvisinei, zviri chaizvoizvo makore 170 chete. Tourism akaonekwa England July 5, 1841. Nhasi tichataura pamusoro wayo muvambi uye nhoroondo kubudirira murume uyu, ane zita - Tomas e. Muvambi toerisme airarama anonakidza zvikuru upenyu. Nyaya Kubudirira kwake unofadza zvikuru.

Origin uye muduku Cook

Cook akatanga upenyu urombo, uyewo panguva zhinji kwazvo vanamuzvinabhizimisi akadai Thomas Lipton, Walt Disney, Dzhon Rokfeller. Vose vavo sezvinoita mwana aifanira kutsungirira matambudziko. Zvichida ndokusaka vakava akakurudzirwa uye akabudirira vanhu. Baba Thomas akafa ava mudiki chaizvo. Pashure porufu rwake, kumutsa Cook paaivatambudza vokurera. Aibata mukomana somwanakomana wake.

Mhuri haina mari yakakwana, saka Thomas ane makore 10 akatanga kushanda. Akava mudzidziri webasa panguva webindu. Mukomana akapiwa 6 nemakobiri pavhiki nokuda basa rake. Paakanga ava 14, akawana basa nenzira kuveza chitoro. Pazera 19, Thomas basa ikoko. Pasinei rinorema pokuwanda kwebasa, aiva muduku vakasununguka nguva kuti Thomas akashandisa kuenda kuchikoro, yakanga wemamongi. Knowledge akawana pano zvikuru zvakabatsira Cook gare gare muupenyu.

Rubhabhatidzo Cook, roumishinari basa

Faith aiva mumwe chikuru nevatyairi ari kubudirira Cook. Muna 1826, ndava nemakore 17, akabhabhatidzwa uye akava Baptist. The Jaya akatanga vachishingaira kunyora magazini Baptist. Akadzidzisawo muna Sunday School uye akadzidzisa pedyo netaundi Loughborough (kwaaigara), uyewo mumisha yaiva pedyo.

Thomas Cook aifarira kushingaira mumishinari basa. Akaunza jaya yakawanda navo. Uyezve, iye akagamuchira nemadhenari * pavhiki kwake 10, iyo yainzi panguva imwe mari yakanaka. Zvisinei, mumwe Baptist sangano pavane pakazopera 1830 hwaoma, uye Thomas aifanira kuwana chimwe kunobva nechouviri.

Marriage, basa mumusangano, mhiko nekuzvidzora

Cook akasarudza kuramba tichiita Joinery. Mune rimwe taundi duku, iri pedyo Loughborough, akagura ake kuveza chitoro. Zviya, Thomas akatamira pano kwete oga. Akauya Marian Mayson, mukadzi wechiduku, uyo Cook akasangana apo kudzidza panguva Sunday chikoro naye.

Thomas, pasinei basa rakaoma iri Studio, akaramba kuita basa roumishinari. Uyezve, iye nesimba kuti tisimudzire pakuzvinyima doro. Muna 1833, Tomas e akatora mhiko nekuzvidzora.

Cook akava munyori Society of kusanwa

Cook musangano pakazopera 1836 vakatanga kuwanda. Aigona haya vabatsiri. Panguva iyoyowo Tomas e akava munyori Company wacho vasiri vanonwa. The sangano vakaperekedza mabasa ayo Harboraf. Pashure kukundikana uku kukurudzira doro Thomas akatanga kuchengeta mamwe vanoshingaira. Akatanga kubudisa magazini "Monthly Gazette nekuzvidzora" muna 1839. Kwapera gore, Thomas akatanga kusunungurwa yokutanga munyika, magazini vana, uko nayo kuramba doro.

Kugadzirira rwendo rwokutanga

Apo, muna 1840, Tomas e akaziva kuti kuchiteshi mutsetse kuzarurwa, iyo ichaitwa pamberi muguta rake, akasarudza kuti ichi chaiva mukana wake kuita zvimwe kusimudzira nekuzvidzora. Thomas akasarudza vanoripira chitima kutora muna Loughborough neshamwari dzake. Paiva raizoitirwa Congress of kusanwa nechepakati England Association (Southern mumaruwa). Tomas e akauya nezvose basa uye Kufungidzira kuti chisarudzo ichi.

Chokutanga, akataura pamusoro inonakidza kuuya rwendo, John Fox, Bell, munyori kuchiteshi Society, zvakazadza nechido. Iye kunyange akabvuma kubhadhara zvakafanira rokutanga mari. Chechipiri, Cook vanyatsohuongorora vakagadzirira kuuya rwendo. Thomas akaronga tsika purogiramu uye zvokudya muna Loughborough, anodhinda nokuparadzira matikiti uye mapepa. Uyezve, akasarudza vasiri kumba muguta. Cook akatuma kune dzimwe nzvimbo parwendo kukokero. Ndikati kuti kunyatsogadzirira yaiva kiyi kufara Cook kambani.

Tourism Day Birthday

Saka, July 5, 1841 570 vanhu vakaenda Loughborough. Vakatora motokari vapfumbamwe muzvitima. Nhasi anonzi zuva yokuberekwa Tourism kwayo chipo pfungwa. The rwendo kwakabudirira zvikuru. Cook akafuridzirwa uye akasarudza kuronga rwendo itsva. Somuenzaniso, nguva dzose aiitisa Tours varombo. mutengo kwavo mukuru akanga chete 1 shilling, uye vana - 6 nemakobiri. Cook inokosha yaiva kuwana mukuru kubatsira kumukuru nhamba yevanhu panguva rakadzika mutengo.

Kutarisira kunyaradzwa vatengi

Kunze chokwadi kuti mumwe revashanyi kwave rwakarongwa nemazvo, mumwe mukuru zvinoriumba kubudirira Cook ndechokuti iye pachake muchirongwa nzendo. Vanhu vazhinji chitima kokutanga uye havana kuziva zvokuita uye sei kuti vazvibate. Tomas e akaita akarayira vose uye nehanya zvichiita panokwanisika napo.

Chibvumirano kurapa njanji

Kwapera nguva, pamwe kukura kukurumbira pakufamba uye nokuwedzera kwenhamba vatengi, Cook akaita chibvumirano ne basa iri njanji. Pasi chibvumirano ichi akapiwa chinokosha dhisikaundi. Thomas kunyange vakakwira naye sirogani kuti verenga: "! Railways - nokuti mamiriyoni" Iye yakashongedzwa anenge ose fenzi, matanda uye storefronts.

Kukwanisa "kubata wave"

Kugona kubika, "Muiti Wave" yava chinhu chinokosha chiri kubudirira kambani yake. kokutanga rinokosha nokuda Thomas chiitiko chakaitika muna 1840. Panguva ino, kutengeswa mibatanidzwa vaifanira basa akapiwa wepagore yezororo. Vanhu vanenge kurigamuchira, havazivi zvokuita rako kupembedza nguva. Zvino Tomasi akavabvunza ichikwezva dandadzo.

Cook ipapo yakatanga nzvimbo pakutengeserana muScotland. Pano vakaenda vanoda mabasa Roberta Bernsa uye Valtera Skotta. Chinenge ose mugari kweEngland kuverenga vanyori izvi panguva kumusika dzemaitirwe chakaitwa Cook, zvakanga zvakarurama. Munhu wose aida kushanyira pachake nzvimbo kuti dzave inorondedzerwa mabasa evanyori izvi.

Thomas akazarura wokutanga kuongorora nhare dzoushe vairemekedzwa. Chii sokuti kwatiri nhasi imwe yenguva dzose chinhu, kana ikava yechimurenga paruzhinji kuziva. It akaita zvakanga Tomas e. macheki mufambi kuti sezvo rudzi chiridzwa zvemari, nenzira, zvakare, akauya.

Kukwanisa "kubata chinozunguzirwa" uye nguva dzose kuti vave nzira itsva ndiyo imwe huru zvinokonzera kukurumbira uye kugadzira Cook. Hatidi hunonyatsodonongodza ose kufamba yaitungamirira entrepreneur. Zvakakwana kutaura kuti akabudirira zvakare kuti "akazaruka" kwavo nyika Chirungu (Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Isle woMunhu). Asi kwete wake chete - yose Europe, Mutsvene Land, America uye kunyange India dzakaisirwa mu nzvimbo pakutengeserana Cook.

Nenzira, inoshandiswa bazi, zvakasikwa naye ( "Thomas Cook noMwanakomana") muUnited States yakanga rinotungamirirwa mwanakomana wake Dzhon Meyson Cook. Mark Tven aiva mumwe nemakasitoma ake okutanga. Akakurudzira mutungamiri kuti Itai ichi kambani. Bvumiranai, kuti ndizvo chaizvo!

Thomas Cook Guides

"Kuwanika" Cook asingadi kugumira ipapo. Ndiye wokutanga akatora Bhuku mumabhuku. Ivo detailed huru mhindu, vakapiwa zano sei kuzvibata nenzira imwe nyika kana guta. Uyezve, Tomas e yakabudisa magazini inonzi "Tripper". Akakwira nokutambudzika Second World War. Magazini ino ndiye wokutanga rwayo.

A rwendo kuenda Mecca

Thomas Cook muchinangwa kukura ushanyi asingadi kugumira ipapo. Muna 1878, muzvinabhizimisi vakatendeukira kuna Gavhuna-General India. Akakumbira kwaari kuti azarure kunyanya nokuda vaMuslim itsva inoenda Tourism - the kunonamata Mecca. Chokwadi, rwendo zvakabudirira. Pashure paizvozvo, kambani iri muHarare Cook, riri muLondon, akavhura dhipatimendi itsva zvakananga kuti vechinamato.

World rwokuparidza

The kambani "Thomas Cook neMwanakomana" ndiye wokutanga rwavakaita opareta, iro rakashandiswa kutakurwa nemakasitoma avhiyesheni zvivako. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1919. Tomas e akaronga yokutanga kunhivi nyika rwokuparidza mumakore 1872-73. Ya ake mazuva 222. Vafambi panguva ino akakunda 25 zviuru zvemakiromita. Kuti vapemberere kumativi musi yakasimba Cook muna 1991 akaronga rwendo munyika. nguva ino zvakatora mazuva 34 chete naye.

Status Cook uye venhaka yake

Zvakakosha kubhadhara mutero kuna kufanoona zviri entrepreneur, kukwanisa kwake yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora mashoko, kuti kufanotaura zvakasiyana siyana ezvinhu. Kana muvambi tourism, akafa (zvakaitika muna 1892), pfuma yake Zvaifungidzirwa kuva mazakwatira - 2497 pondo. Not zvakaipa munhu uyo akatanga kushanda nemakobiri 6 chete pavhiki. Bhizimisi yababa mberi ne Dzhon Meyson Cook. Akafa 7 Kwapera makore, kusiya nhaka yacho, iyo yakanga vanofungidzirwa 663.534 pondo. Pashure porufu rwake, nyaya rakatorwa pamusoro ne vazukuru - Thomas Albert, Ernest Edward uye Frenka Genri. Zvizvarwa Thomas muridzi wekambani kusvikira pakuguma 1920. Pashure paizvozvo, basa kambani rakatorwa pamusoro neDare Association of Entrepreneurs.

KUKA nhasi

Uye munguva yedu, bhizimisi raibudirira, iro rakatanga Tomas e. Tour opareta, zvakasikwa naye, nhasi ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose uye kupfuura vanoremekedzwa boka mumunda Tourism muBritish Isles. Economic zviratidzi ndiyo kambani wechipiri muEurope uye munyika - wechitatu. MuUK, uyewo mune dzimwe nyika dzakawanda mune zvinopfuura chiuru masangano ayo. Zvino kambani anoshandisa vanopfuura zviuru. 16 Vashandi.

Panzira, kuRussia pane chaizvo wechiduku kambani "Intourist -. Tomas e" Ndiro mugumisiro kubatanidza mapoka maviri, mukuru mumunda wayo. "Intourist" yakatangwa 1929. Rinogadzwa somugumisiro kwemapazi boka chinoshanda basa dzimwe vanamuzvinabhizimisi uye vashanyi uye anopa zvakawanda nomunhu uye boka Tours muSt Petersburg, Moscow, maguta Russian kuchamhembe uye Golden Ring, etc. Company "Intourist -. Tomas e" Moscow iri panguva 5th Donskoy kufamba, kuvaka 15 (p. 5). Asi kwete chete guru, pane boka chokuita nezita gamba redu. Uye mune mamwe maguta nyika yedu, unogona kuwana sangano, "Tomas e" iro rinowanikwa rokuremekedza. Murmansk - mumwe wavo.