The chikuru gauges upfumi basa

In dzezvoupfumi, unogona kuwana chinhu chakadai chiyero zvoupfumi basa. Kuti aite izvi, kutanga tinoona chii kudzidza dzezvoupfumi. Sezvo nokure upenyu paruzhinji , vakawanda vanoziva wake, chii zviri kosi. Tichataura pamusoro zvoupfumi sezvo kurangwa nesayenzi.

Mabviro pfungwa zvoupfumi somunhu sainzi

Chaioneka muNzvimbo kure kare, kare. Kokutanga pamusoro wake rinotaura wekare musayendisiti wechiGiriki Xenophon muna 5th remakore. BC Nyanzvi dzekare paakapiwa mupfungwa iyi nzira rokuchenesa. Izvi zvinonzwisisika. Zvinenge yose upfumi mupfungwa wechiGiriki guta-inoti yaiva Entrepreneurs diki uye vatengesi. Navapfuri vesimbi, varimi, vavaki. Pakanga pasina zvikuru ruzhinji makambani kuMabvazuva. Izvi imhaka kune munyoro okunze uye kushaya vanoda kusimbisa kuti kudiridza mabasa (zasi) kana rokuchenesa (kuchamhembe). Emari yose nyika yakanga izere shopkeepers duku. A vorudzii Entrepreneurs duku nguva yedu. vatengesi kwakadaro uye shopkeepers ndiwo gauges chikuru zvoupfumi basa panguva.

Economics somunhu sayenzi nhasi

Upfumi ano zvakasiyana, pamwe simba transnational makambani uye mafekitari. Panguva ino Danho sayenzi iyi rakamuka-kamuka macroeconomics, microeconomics, uye nyika.

Chii microeconomics

Izwi iri zvishoma rinoenderana yepakutanga zvinoreva pfungwa "upfumi" muGirisi yekare. Kureva, icho nesayenzi kuti vanodzidza vakaparadzana zvoupfumi masangano, avo ukama, matambudziko, etc. Nemamwe mashoko, yakazvimirira emakambani mukati upfumi bhora munyika. Difficulties mutemo, ukama nemumwe uye hurumende.

macroeconomics

A yakakura pfungwa. It inodzidza upfumi yose zvoupenyu hwavo paruzhinji. Zvinetso urombo, basa pamusika yose. It rinoshandiswa macroeconomics chikuru gauges upfumi basa. Vane zvakafanira kuti uzere nhoroondo zvoupfumi ezvinhu hurumende.

Gauges upfumi basa. Social sayenzi kosi chikoro

Kukosha upfumi basa zvinopa mufananidzo rakazara nedanho kugadzirwa, nokuparadzirwa uye kunwa ari upfumi.

Somuenzaniso, tora zvinhu mune zvokurima. The chikuru gauges upfumi basa chinyorwa yakawanda mukaka yakabereka. Muna 2010, nyika yakabereka mamiriyoni 500 matani chigadzirwa ichi (nhamba inotorwa somuenzaniso uye haisi rairatidza pagore chigadzirwa ichi). Zvino gore rakatevera, nezvoupfumi dzinoshuma kuti kuparara kwakanga 20 muzana. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso rakanaka zviratidzo, izvo zvinogona kuongorora yose ezvoupfumi ezvinhu kugadzirwa mukaka. Next, tanga kunzwisisa chii chinokonzera zvakatungamirira zvakadaro unopinza donhwe.

The chikuru gauges upfumi basa vari:

• Gross National chigadzirwa (GNP).
• The Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

Gauges upfumi basa. Pfungwa GDP

Gross epamba chigadzirwa - chiyero Verengai mumusika mutengo okupedzisira zvigadzirwa mukati munyika. Zvinorevei? Tora motokari kugadzirwa muenzaniso. Zvinosanganisira dzakawanda uye nemagungano. Mavhiri, michini, kugadzirwa panguva mafekitari siyana. Kana zvidzidzo izvi sezvo kupembedza zvikamu pamisika, vari vanobatanidzwa GDP. Asi kana vari vakarwira mumwe fekitari uye vakagadzirira motokari, kutara yavo mufananidzo uyu haibatanidzi, sezvo mu chokupedzisira Mari mutengo michina dzateyiwa. Uku kunonzi "wokupedzisira chigadzirwa", kureva uyo anouya musika vakagadzirira akagadzirwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti artificially dzakanaka zviratidzo izvi nokuda zvinhu sezvazviri.

Unogona kuwana chinhu chakadai GDP pa capita. Hazvina asi uwandu zvose yokupedzisira zvinhu anobudiswa yakakamurwa nokuwanda vagere munyika. Asi isiri iyo kuti apo nenhamba zvakawanda zviri nani. Quality upenyu akatsunga nemamwe kuyera namano. Urovha rates, avhareji mubayiro uye pensions inokosha mutengo kuti zvinokosha mutengi tswanda (kutaridza zvakafanira zvigadzirwa kupona).

Gross National chigadzirwa (GNP)

Gauges upfumi basa, akadai GNP inofananidza zvinosanganisira chitsama okupedzisira zvinhu zvose muno uye kunze. Somuenzaniso, muna kuKazakhstan boka unoshanda, vakanyorwa kuRussia. Nguva dzose unoripa mitero zvose zvomunzvimbo, risi, asi mari iyi zvebhizimisi pasi mitero Russian. Saka, zvavakanga vachida kuita kugadzirwa nemifananidzo kutora GDP nemifananidzo Kufunga, asi regai funga GDP. Chinhu yakakura pfungwa. The zvakakomba National chigadzirwa yatova pamusoro chakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa ndinoiitawo chitsama okupedzisira zvigadzirwa kunze hurumende.

On the macroeconomic mamiriro ezvinhu munyika anotaura zvakawanda chakakomba epamba chigadzirwa (GDP) pane zvakakomba National chigadzirwa (GNP). Sezvo rokutanga akazvimiririra mabasa, padanho kugadzirwa munyika, uye nokudaro yakanaka zveupfumi uye zvematongerwo enyika. Asi GDP chiyero mari bhajeti.

Panewo chaiye sandara uye aizviti pamwero zvoupfumi unongotaura. Zvakakosha nhasi kuti nyika yedu. GDP, somuenzaniso, akayera mu rubles, asi nhamba chaiyo inoratidza currency. Decipher pfungwa iyi. Padanho GDP pagore Somuenzaniso, mamiriyoni 1 rubles. In madhora, mari iri 35 zviuru. The gore rakatevera, GDP yakawedzera kusvika mamiriyoni 1,5 rubles. Chezita kukura - ne50 muzana. Asi nokuda kuderedza National mari iri dhora mazwi kukura - chete 1 muzana - 38 zvuru zvamadhora .. Izvi inonyatsoratidza hupfumi zviratidzi ose evanhu.