PPTP kubatana - chii?

Zvichida, vanhu vazhinji vakanzwa yakadaro izwi se "akakura PPTP». Chii, vamwe regai chaisvika fungidzira. Zvisinei, kana tiri rinorondedzera misimboti kutanga kubatana pamusana dzakati ichi mumutauro nyore, zviri nyore kunzwisisa zvachose.

PPTP kubatana: chii?

Izvi rworudzi maererano anobva eponymous dzakati, zvinoderedza zita raro rinobva Chirungu pfungwa-to-pfungwa tunneling dzakati, izvo chaizvoizvo anoshandura se "tunneling dzakati akadai" anotaura kunongedzera ". Nemamwe mashoko, kubatana pakati subscribers vaviri kuparadzira mashoko omumasherufu mu encrypted chimiro kuburikidza usina kuzvidzivirira rezvebonde kwakavakirwa TCP / IP.

PPTP kubatana mhando rinobvumira kuchinja inonzi PPP mapuranga ari mureza IP-omumasherufu, zviri kufambiswa, somuenzaniso vachishandisa chete paIndaneti. Uye kunyange anonzi, PPTP dzakati ari kuchengeteka pamwero muduku kune vamwe mikana dzakadai IPSec, iye ikozvino ane zvakanaka kwazvo kuparadzira, nekuti Chokwadi, inodzidzisa ane hwokubata mumwe VPN-kubatana mhando (Wireless kubatana).

PPTP kubatana: chii kushandiswa kwayo?

Makuriro Akaita dzakati izvi kukuru kwazvo. Chokutanga, kwakadai kubatana pakati vanoshandisa maviri haagoni kudzivirira chete mashoko zvitange, asiwo zvinokosha mari iri kure dzedaro.

Uyezve, dzakati iri kazhinji dzetsika dzemagariro kuona kubatana pakati LANs maviri zvinoti kupfurikidza kuparadzira omumasherufu paIndaneti pamusoro wakachengeteka kubatana (tanera) pasina chokuita zvakananga kubatana therebetween. Kuti, zvakananga kuonana maviri network vemo havana uye kushandisa mugero ave murevereri.

Ukuwo, inobva PPTP tunneling inogona kushandiswa paaisika akwirwe mhando "nemhosva-Server", apo inodzidzisa chinouraya zvakabatana kuti Server Via wakachengeteka gwara.

PPTP Implementation akasiyana uchishandisa hurongwa

Zvino zvishoma kuvhiringidzika uye Ukuwo Kutarira papi PPTP. Chii, sezvo pave Microsoft kuti dzakati, apo vanhu vashoma chaizvo kunzwisisa. Uye kokutanga muupenyu zvizere shanduro, zvakanga rakatangwa kubudikidza Cisco.

Kunyange zvakadaro, Microsoft haana lagged shure. Kutanga Windows 95 OSR2, mukana nokuvumba kubatana kuburikidza PPTP akaonekwa akazotevera Software zvigadzirwa, kunyange pakuvara PPTP-Server configuration Ezvemutauro. Next, muenzaniso ichakurukurwa PPTP-kubatana kwakaita Windows 7, kunyanya nekuti ichi ndicho hurongwa zvevakomana anoramba zvikuru nevanhu vane vanoshandisa vakawanda.

kwakanga kusina Linux hurongwa kusvikira ichangopfuura, kutsigirwa zvizere mabikirwo. Iye wakaonekwa chete ari dikidiki 2.6.13, uye akanga pamutemo akazivisa 2.6.14 tsanga.

FreeBSD maitiro uye Mac Os X kuuya pakuvara PPTP-vatengi. PDAs Palm, pamwe kutsigira Wi-Fi Wireless kubatana, akashongedzerwa pamwe mutengi Mergic.

The kutanga zvinhu nokuda zvakarurama kubatana

Kushandisa tunneling rakanyatsojeka. Configuring PPTP-kubatana kunosanganisira kushandisa TCP-chengarava 1723 uye ndiko fanira - IP GRE dzakati nhamba 47.

Zvinoreva kuti pakaitika firewall, kana, kana kuti pakuvara Windows firewall vanofanira kuva vakadaro kuti IP-omumasherufu anogona kutora nzvimbo vakasununguka uye pasina chinotitadzisa. Izvi zvinoshandawo kwete chete tsika motokari kana omunharaunda network. Zvakafanana, ichi Kupfuudzwa akasununguka tunneled Data zvinofanira nechokwadi uye panguva Provider pamwero.

Kana kushandiswa Nat muimba zvenguva padanho VPN yedzimudzangara kubudiswa anofanira kuiswa maererano ari chidimbu.

General Misimboti oparesheni uye kubatana

Hatina akaongororwa zvikuru zvishoma kubatanidza PPTP. Chii, vakawanda zvichida kare anonzwisisika zvishoma. Kujeka mu mubvunzo kuti kuitwa pashure nokuongorora zvinodiwa zvinokosha kushanda uye kutaurirana dzakati anoritsanangura, uyewo chikamu umo installation muitiro danho nedanho PPTP GRE kubatana kucharatidzwa.

Saka, kubatana pakati mbiri pfungwa kuisa pachishandiswa zvatinosiita PPP-chechikamu kwakavakirwa GRE dzakati (encapsulation). The kubatana wechipiri zvakananga TCP chengarava riri basa kuronga uye GRE kudzidziswa.

Sam akapfuura IPX packet unosanganisira mashoko chaiwo, dzimwe nguva anonzi payload, uye mamwe masimba ruzivo. Chii chinoitika kana munhu packet chichigamuchirwa pane mumwe mugumo mutsetse? The runoenzanirana purogiramu PPTP-kubatana sezvo atakatora iri chinhu chinokosha pasuru IPX Data uye anotumira kuti kubudiswa, achishandisa yakakodzera proprietary dzakati hurongwa.

Uyezve, chikamu chinokosha nomumugero kupararira uye kugamuchira mashoko Nde chinodiwa kushandisa mikana kuburikidza ibatanidzo "Login password." Chokwadi, kuti kutsemuka logins uye mavara echivande pakuburitswa danho kunogona, asi muitiro achitumira mashoko kuburikidza wakachengeteka mukoridho (tanera) - chero nzira.

kuwana kubatana rinoreva

Sezvambotaurwa, kune tunneling dzakati anotsanangura PPTP zvachose yakachengeteka mune zvose zvatinoita haisi. Zvisinei, kana iwe funga kuti mashoko encryption rakashandiswa munowanika EAP-TLS, MSCHAP-v2 kana kunyange MPEE, tinogona kutaura pamusoro zvakakwana yakakwirira azvipire kudzivirirwa.

Dzimwe nguva, kuwedzera kuchengeteka callback inogona kushandiswa (dhayira kumusoro), umo achitumira kana kugamuchira divi zvinoita simbiso maererano uye ruzivo chinja software.

Configuring PPTP pachako zvinoreva Windows 7 Network adapteri Kurongwa

Kugadzira PPTP-kubatana chero Windows kwava nyore. Sezvambotaurwa, somuenzaniso, utore "nomwe".

First unofanira kuenda "Control Center Network uye Kupanana Center." Izvi zvinogona kuitwa kana kubva "Control Panel." Kana kubva Muterere nokusarurama-nekudzvanya icon kuti Internet kana Network kubatana.

Chakasara Muterere pane mutsara shanduko Network adapteri Kurongwa, uye unofanira kushandisa, uye ipapo chaipo tinya Local Area Connection akapoteredza Muterere uye wasarudza mutsetse ehupfumi.

Pahwindo itsva, shandisa ehupfumi of TCP / IPv4 Protocol. In pazviruva hwindo pisai parameters inopiwa ISP yenyu kana iwe batanidza (kazhinji, wakaiswa vapiwa kuwana IP kero uye DNS-servers).

Ponesai kuchinja uye kudzokera Local Area Network apo unofanira kuongorora kana kushingaira panguva. Nokuti chinangwa ichi zvakanaka tinya. Kana iwe tsanangurai "Disable" pamusoro mutsetse, kubatana ndiro basa. Tikasadaro, isu vanosanganisira nayo.

Gadzira uye kugadzira VPN Kurongwa

In danho rinotevera unofanira kusika munhu VPN-kubatana. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kuti "Control Center" zvakarurama the pane, shandisa mutsara kuumba akwirwe idzva.

Shure kwaizvozvo, sarudza Connect kuti kubasa, uye ipapo - kushandisa kumbova Indaneti.

Uyezve kunonoka panovira-internet nokwauri, uye mune inotevera hwindo, kutaridzwa Internet Kero VPN opareta uye kupinda chero zita (inodiwa nechepasi, isa checkmark padivi "Regai batanidza zvino" mutsetse).

Pashure paizvozvo, kupinda Username uye pasiwedhi, kana paine chibvumirano kuti urongwa mabasa, uye tinya bhatani "Sikai".

Pane zvakarongwa pamusoro dziripo kubatana, sarudza richangobva vakasikwa hwindo idzva tinya Properties bhatani. Next, tinofanira kuita nokungwarira zvikuru. Musi Security Tab, zvinokosha kuti tiise zvinotevera parameters:

• VPN mhando: auto;
• Data Encryption: Zvingakudetsera;
• Resolution Protocol: chap uye chap v2.

We asimbise kuchinja kuenda hwindo kubatanidza, apo isu achizviendesa Connect bhatani. Kana pazviruva zvakaitwa zvakanaka, pachava Indaneti.

Kana kwete kushandisa rechitatu-party Ezvemutauro?

On nyaya PPTP-gadza okuwedzera servers kana vatengi vanoshandisa sei zvakasiyana, asi vakawanda vavo wekuita vari pfungwa kuti yokuvira uye kushandisa pakuvara Windows module anotarisa zvikuru zvinodiwa panyaya nyore.

Unogona Chokwadi, gadza zvakada pfSense pasuru chinhu firewall router, asi ayo "chizvarwa" nemhosva Multilink PPP Daemon anezvakawanda matambudziko nokushandiswa servers Windows anotsanangura kuti PPTP anotsanangura tichitarisa pakugoverwa kushandiswa pakati yeGmail.END_STRONG authentication dzakati uye Server yemakambani network, kunyange zvazvo musha User zviteshi yakaonekwa matambudziko akadaro. In akamumutsira utility ichi, uyewo mamwe, zviri zvikuru chakaoma, uye pasina ruzivo chero chaiwo kutaridzwa zvakarurama zviruva, kana kuisa zvachose "kuungana" kuti inodzidzisa IP-kero hazvibviri.

Unogona kuedza zvimwe nemhosva kana Server utility akagadzirirwa kugadzwa PPTP kubatana, asi chii chiri kurehwa mutoro zvisingakoshi zvirongwa wegadziriro kana chero Windows ine yayo nzira? Uyezve, kukwanisa kuita zvimwe zvirongwa kwete chete kuoma kugadzira, asi anogona kukonzera kurwisana munyika Software uye zvinooneka chechetere. Saka zviri nani yokurambidza tine.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Pano, chokwadi, zvose pamusoro PPTP dzakati, uyewo kusikwa mugero kubatana setup uye kushandisa ayo. Kana kushandiswa kwayo, hazvina anoruramiswa kuti avhareji user. Kungova vanonzwisisa chokwadi kuti munhu angada yakachengeteka kukurukurirana chiteshi. Kana zvakadaro, uye uchida kuchengetedza IP wako, zviri nani kushandisa kusazivikanwa Marshal servers paIndaneti, kana anonzi anonymizer.

Asi nokuda interoperability pakati dzemunharaunda network ezvokutengeserana mabhizimisi kana zvimwe zvivako, kuisa PPTP-kubatana kungava nyore nzira yokubuda. Uye kunyange kubatana kwakadaro zana muzana kuchengeteka haripi Zvisinei, nhamba pfungwa iri Kuita kwake ikoko.