Olga Konstantinovna chehova, Nee Knipper: Biography uye Filmography ari mutambi

Vakawanda vanoziva ndiani uyu Olga Konstantinovna chehova? TSB (Great Soviet Encyclopedia) rine mashoko mapfupi pamusoro mukadzi. Tinozivei nezvake? Olga Chekhov - a mboni guru Stanislavsky uye firimu nyeredzi. Iyewo mukadzi womunun'una Anton Chekhov. Pane imwe nguva ari Prima Ballerina of Third Reich uye kufarira kuti Adolf Hitler. Ukuwo, zviri sechinhu Kremlin zvaanoda. Iye - chakavanzika chaicho uye nengano remakore rechimakumi maviri. Ndiwo tsitsi kuti kwenguva refu nguva yake zita woutsinye ... sei upenyu Olgi Konstantinovny Chehovoy? Family, vana, Biography - ichi zvose kwave nyaya kwataita. Saka ngationei kutanga.

The mhuri Russified vokuGermany

Olga Konstantinovna chehova (Nee Knipper) - 1897 gore aberekwa. Akanga akaberekerwa Alexandropol kuArmenia. Iye akanzi kuremekedza tete vangu, yakakurumbira mutambi Olga Knipper. Sezvo yokupedzisira yaiva mukadzi akangwara munyori Anton Chekhov.

Vabereki ramangwana nyeredzi vaiva Russified vokuGermany. Saka, madzitateguru avo vaigara Saarbrücken muGermany.

baba vangu aiva injiniya. Uye paakanga mumabasa kuvaka imwe njanji yeRussian Empire.

Apo Ola muduku nemakore maviri, mhuri Knipper akatamira Tsarskoye tiiviste.

Maererano netsamba yacho mutambi, ichi ndiko kwaanopiwa kazhinji vachitamba nevana voumambo.

mudzidzisi Stanislavsky

In Tsarskoye tiiviste wakada Olga Erich Hollerbach. Mumazuva iwayo aiva nomukurumbira uri mutsoropodzi. Zvisinei, ichi rudo nyaya haana kugamuchira chero kuenderera. Chokwadi kuti muna 1910 mhuri Knipper yave zvakare vakatamira kune rimwe guta. Ikozvino - nguva ino Petersburg.

Kuchikoro, Olga akadzidza zvikuru vasingakoshi. Iye akagamuchira yakakwirira mavanga kunonyanya panyaya chokuita unyanzvi. Ndokusaka muna 1914, vabereki vakasarudza kutuma naye kuMoscow kuti nani ishe nyaya. In Pervoprestolnoj aigara tete wake, chirikadzi Antona chehova.

Saka, akatanga kupinda zvidzidzo volnoslushatelnitsey chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo Studio panguva Moscow Art Theater. A mudzidzisi wokutanga waiva nyanzvi K. Stanislavsky.

wanano yokutanga

Muchikoro ichi, Olga akakwanisa nokukurumidza kuchinja. Nokubudirira iye muchirongwa dzakawanda acclaimed kubudiswa mudzidzisi wake, pakati maiva "Vatatu Sisters" uye "The Cherry Orchard."

Mushure mechinguva iye akamuka uye basa Ophelia mu "Hamlet". Uye mukuru hunhu reDare Mikhail Chekhov, uyo aiva muzukuru yaiva yakakurumbira munyori.

Ivo zvakagadzira chamupupuri dzorudo. Kunyange vaizviti rudo naOlga uye Michael muzukuru Ivan. Asi mutambi asarudza pakarepo kugumisa ukama, uye muna September 1914 naOlga uye Michael taroorana muchivande. Vanoti kuti zita rayo idzva kunopfuura vaidada. Kunyange mumakore haana kuchinja.

Mikhail Chekhov akapfuurira kuva kunoshamisa mutungamiriri uye mudzidzisi. MuUnited States, iye akasika chikoro chake mutambo. vadzidzi vake yaisanganisira Marlon Brando, Dzheyms Din, Yul Brynner, Pol Nyuman, Marilyn Monroe nezvimwe vakakurumbira zhinji.

The zororo pamwe Mihailom Chehovym

Kana vaviri takaroorana, Olga akanga namanomwe chete. Mikhail vakura mukadzi kwemakore matanhatu. Muna 1916, ivo nomudzimai yakaonekwa, uye dangwe - mwanasikana Olga.

The mutambi akagona kuramba achiita anyerere mafirimu. Somuenzaniso, iye akatora mugove firimu "Cagliostro".

Asi pano pane muchato pacharo pakati Mikhail uye Olga, zvinosuwisa, zvakava kupfuura akundikana. Havazivi kuwirirana, uye pakupera 1917 kusiya.

Asi Olge Konstantinovne Chehovoy, mufananidzo zvaunazvo mukana ona nyaya inoti, aikwanisa kuponesa kwete ruzha zita, asi ukama hwakanaka newawakanga wakaroorana naye. Havazivi kumashure kare uye vakasarudza kukanganwa pamusoro zvavo yakawiriranwa chinosekwa. Muchidimbu, ivo vanoda chaizvo kurarama bedzi neizvi.

Uyezve, Michael Chekhov akanga chaizvo wanamatira mwanasikana wake. Papera makore, iye akapiwa nhaka kubva baba vake - mumwe remombe pedyo US neguta San Francisco.

Trip kuti Europe

Zvichakadai, pashure nezvakaitika October 1917, Olga kuti upenyu hwakanaka ikava mupenyu kugehena. Kudyisa mwanasikana wake, iye akamanikidzwa kutengesa zvaiva nechokuita nechitendero ichi ake uye zvinhu zvavo. Uye iye akanga nenzara.

Mukutanga 1921 iye mvumo nezviremera kuti-vhiki nhanhatu rwendo ari kunze. Chinangwa rwendo urwu - utano kunatsiridza. Saka, iye akasarudza kuenda Germany. Aiva 23.

Zvaiva imomo kuti iye kamwe zvakare kuti varonge upenyu hwake pachake. Iye akazova mudzimai womumwe Friedrich Yaroshi. Chokwadi, imba yaiva pfupi chaizvo. Mushure kurambana, akasarudza akazvipira zvakakwana unyanzvi.

Debut ari German firimu indasitiri

Paakanga 24, iye debuted cinema muGermany. Tiri kutaura chinyararire firimu "The Castle Fogeled". Kuratidzwa kwakaitika April 1921 uye kwakabudirira zvikuru. Kubvira ipapo, akatanga kuita nguva dzose muna nhanhatu - mifananidzo masere pagore.

Muna 1922 iye akatora chikamu ari kupfura vhidhiyo "Round Dance Rufu". Firimu akagamuchira wongororo kumeso chaizvo. Muchidimbu, Olga akaziva vanoiona German uye firimu, zvingava kuona paTV kakawanda sezvinobvira.

Papera kanguva, Olga Konstantinovna chehova, mafirimu izvo ndawana Kupinda vateereri vavo kuonga, akanga shure yakatarwa, asi zvino akaita se mutungamiriri. Haiwa, firimu wake "Pagoda" haana akawana kubudirira zvikuru. Panguva ino, Olga akagashira German chizvarwa uye, chokwadi, hadzichaonekwi vodzokera Soviet Union.

Vakadzingana rombo. Saka, iye chibvumirano nomumwe Berlin kuti dzemitambo. Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, muna mukupera Muchirimo 1924, zvakanga akatamira mai vangu, hanzvadzi mwanasikana uye.

Muna 1927, Olga akazviratidza firimu "Kupisa kumuganhu." Sezvineiwo, tepi iyi zvikuru remangwana Führer Adolf Hitler. Naizvozvo, nguva dzose zvichaita ngaamurumbidze basa iri.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kubwinya mutambi wechokwadi vakauya mufananidzo "Moulin Rouge", filmed nokuda British wokuimba.

Ipapo Olga akakwanisa kushanda uye ekuteerera tepi, yainzi "Vatatu kubva gasi chechitima." Mufananidzo uyu akava chaiwo wenyika cinema.

Uye pashure firimu iri Olga Konstantinovna chehova akaenda America. "Mary" Hitchcock pachake akamukumbira nyeredzi firimu rake. Kuti tirambe muUnited States uye kuti basa Hollywood mutambi - aitova aratidzwa. Asi akasarudza vachiri kudzokera kuGermany. VokuGermany chakakodzera kukwanisa kuongorora chiito ichi.

Kujairirana Führer

Pakazosvika okuma30 Olga Chekhova-Knipper, mapikicha ayo anoiswa munyaya atova nyeredzi chaicho German cinema. Uye muna 1933 vakauya simba uye vaNazi. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, vachibva kunyika pakarepo vakasiya vatungamiriri vakawanda, vanyori, vatambi. Asi Olga akasara. It pamutemo akapa Führer, Goebbels uye Himmler. Hitler akadana kufarira mutambi yake uye kugeza pamwe compliments. Iye sevasingafungi naye nenzira yose. Maererano netsamba kubva Chekhov, Hitler akanga anonyara chaizvo uye netsa murume. Zvisinei, nguva dzose vaiita pamwe vakadzi yeAustria amiability. Zvisinei, haana kuona mairi chinhu "hwoudhimoni," uye inonakidza.

Naizvozvo Save kakawanda kuti kuvapo panguva pamutemo kugamuchira paNational Socialist. Iye akasangana Mussolini. Iye aiva noukama hwakanaka vaviri, Goering. Aivawo vakasangana Eva Braun, uyo akanga vaiona mwene Führer. Panzira, vakadzi vanopfuura shamwari uye vakatanga kutaura kakawanda.

National Actress

By 1936 ndipo Chekhov aiva mugove inopa akasiyana dzemitambo. zvechokwadi aiva tisaone kubudirira. Zvichida nokuti chikonzero ichi Führer asarudza kuti ndipe Olga musoro "mamiriro mutambi III Reich."

Mugore iroro akava yatsidzira kuti shoroma Marcel Robins kubva kuBelgium. Zvisinei, kuroorana ichi kwave kuchiita Fiasco. The Vaviri vakarambana muna 1938.

Muna 1937, ivo Moscow Art Theater troupe vaite Tours muFrance. Chirikadzi Anton Chekhov akatora mugove rwokuparidza ichi. machinda Soviet akamupa mukana kudana muguta guru German kuona chaanodisisa muzukuru. Veukama haana kutaura kwemakore makumi maviri. Somugumisiro, Olga Chekhov kufanorongwa ake tete penya mabiko. Asi Olga Leonardovna aiva mamiriro nehana. Nemuzukuru takasarudza kuti vatungamiriri eNazi. Goering pakabvunda maoko noushamwari uye tete vakanyemwerera. The Führer akanga asipo pane vanyatsoparadzwa ichi. Asi iye akamudana uye ruregerero zvakasimba kuti aisagona kuuya nokuda chimbi remabasa ehurumende ...

Mukutanga Mumatsutso 1940, panguva Hondo Britain, mutambi akasvika Luftwaffe mujinga muna Normandy. The vezvikepe dzakasarudza kubata achimisa ari kukudzwa anodiwa mutambi. A mwedzi iri guru French akabuda inotevera nyaya zvikuru nomukurumbira mabhuku, apo munhu pamberi-peji mufananidzo wakashongedzerwa Save nemasoja okuGermany.

Uyezve, mauto akakoka ave Mueni mapoka avarwi pamusoro Lille uye kweBrussels. Iye akanyorawo nziyo vakakuvadzwa muchipatara kuti Tübingen.

Panopera 1940, Chekhov vaiva pasuru kubva Führer. Paiva mufananidzo Hitler pamwe chinyorwa. mutungamiri German kamwe zvakare rinoyemurwa tarenda rake.

okumabvazuva mberi

Apo Nazi Germany akasarudza kurwisa USSR, Goebbels akabvunza Czechs, ndedzipi tarisiro ari mauto eNazi kubata Moscow. The mutambi haana kuzeza, akati kuti, Ungangove, havangavi kubudirira. Zvisinei, akawedzera kuti zvichida akanga zvakaipa.

Zvichakadai, mauto eNazi chepamusoro uye kuCrimea. A Yalta aiva r. N. "Belaya Dacha", apo pane imwe nguva akararama munyori Anton Chekhov. Vanoti kuti imba iyi haina kuparadzwa uye haana akakuvara nokuti mutambi ari zvikuru vakabvunza vatungamiri Nazi kuponesa chivakwa ichi.

Hondo yakaramba. Olga Konstantinovna chehova, Biography chaiva nyore zvikuru, vakasarudza kusiya mabasa ari Eastern Front. Uye kana ari redhiyo, haana akaita nyika nziyo, asi chete mashoko acho. Aivawo akaramba kutenderera. Yakanga muPrague, Munich, Vienna.

Maererano unconfirmed zvinyorwa, Soviet pakaunda-njere ari kuenda uwane mutambi ari chigaro pamusoro Führer. For kujeka kwezvikonzero, yeutongi mutungamiri Iosif Stalin pachake quashed zvarongwa.

Vazhinji vanodavira kuti Olga K. Olga Knipper kazhinji vakashanda kuti njere Soviet. Saka, Sergo Beria mumapeji rake rinonzi anonyora kuti Chekhov aiva mumiririri Soviet. Asi vhidhiyo uchapupu asati kukurukurwa.

Zvichida zvose saizvozvo. Chero zvazvingava, pane ruzivo kuti pakutanga kwa1945, Himmler akanga achienda bvunzurudza Chekhov. Apo vanhu vake vakauya kuna mutambi, vakaona kuti akanga ndafara kunwa tii pamwe Führer pachake. Saka, kusungwa havana kutora nzvimbo.

Uye mukupera April, zvakanga muhondo kuti guta German ...

kusungwa primo

Pakapera hondo muna chakaipisisa nokuti Chekhov akasvika nemauto eSoviet. Vakawana kuti ndiani akanga, uye akasungwa. Pakutanga zvakanga kusava muBerlin uye ipapo rechiuto ndege akatumira guru Soviet Union. Ikoko iye akagara nemakamuri maviri mufurati. Akanga airambidzwa kuona hama dzavo. In shoko, yaingova musungwa.

Akashanyira vakuru veSoviet. Vakauya bhuku kwaari, airidza naye wechesi. Vakataura pamusoro mumhanzi, pamusoro mafirimu, mitambo uye mabhuku. Zvino vakatanga-mwedzi mitatu uye Kubvunzurudzwa. The mutambi haringandivanzi chinhu. Pashure paizvozvo, mukupera July 1945, Chekhov akadzoswazve kuna Berlin. zvaakaitawo yake hurumende yevaNazi, akapfurwa uye asungwa. Sei - mubvunzo uyu yasara seisingapindurwi ...

ari yepashure pehondo

Apo Olga K. Olga Knipper akadzokera Berlin, ane anenge hapana nzira subsistence. Zvino wake dzemari akapotsa hariko. In ezvinhu aya akaoma kwakaibatsira mbiri somunhu mutambi. Akati kuti vakawanda ipapo akamubvunza mapikicha ari ndangariro. Nokuti ichi agamuchira chikafu uye fodya.

Uye muna November 1945 pepanhau Berlin rinonzi "Kurier", yakabudiswa pachishandiswa French nezviremera vemauto, akashuma kuti Chekhov akanga paakavapa soro mubayiro - the Order of Russian. Uye akanga paakavapa ari Stalin pachake. mashoko aya kwave kudzokororwa mune dzinoverengeka vanozivikanwa mabhuku.

Makore mana gare gare, Chekhov akasarudza kuenda West Germany. Uyezve, hapana kushorwa chikumbiro ichi. Zvaiva imomo kuti akakwanisa kumisa yake Studio. Zvinosuruvarisa, chirongwa ichi haina zvakakwana chinozoiswa nokuti kambani akaenda zvachose.

Ipapo Chekhov akasarudza kudzokera pachikuva. Uyezve, akatanga zvakare kuita mumafirimu. It akasarudzawo kamwe zvakare kuwedzera kuwanda mabasa ayo.

Iye vakatengesa Antiques yake kuti zvishongo kuvhura imwe kambani itsva. Iye akasika runako Salon inonzi "zvizoro Olga Chekhov Gesellschaft". Sezvineiwo, panyaya iyi, zvakavabatsira chitupa beautician. Muna 1937 iye akava nyanzvi mukoti. Diploma akagamuchira muParis. Nenzira, kambani Save yazova imwe yenzvimbo nomukurumbira Europe. Panguva iyoyo paivawo matavi boka wake ... Saka, mumwe Salons muMilan.

Mukupera 50s mutambi akasimudza mudanga. bhuku rake netsamba anonzi "Handisi Gloss pamusoro!". The chigadzirwa akanakidzwa mukurumbira zvikuru.

zuva ranyura

Nemhaka nekambani kwemari Chekhov Chokwadi, akakwanisa kuwana munhu kwaye pakukwegura

Muna 1962, iye akanga paakavapa mubayiro "Kwemakore akawanda kunoshamisa mupiro kuna German cinema."

Makore maviri gare gare, aida kuuya Soviet Union, kutaura, pakupedzisira, nehama dzavo. Asi machinda akarambazve naye.

Mugore iroro iye vakarambana naye chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo basa. Akanga matanhatu navanomwe. Uye kubva firimu iye akasiya gumi adarika. Zviya, wake firimu Penultimate rinonzi "The tarenda kufara." Sezvineiwo, mashoko mutambi airidza kwazvo pachavo.

Muna 1972, zviremera German kunge paakavapa wake pamuchinjikwa "Nokuti munorumbidzirweiko".

Uye chete kune akwegura aida kuchovha kuseri vhiri. Kunyange mutyairi wako akanga. Her motokari kufarira aiva BMW.

Kufa Actress

Akafa muna 1980. Doctors kenza pfungwa. Iye akafa ava namakore 83. mutambi Great akavigwa kumakuva muMunich.

Muna 1997, muBerlin raMwari Spandau muruwa vachikudza Chekhov kunyange ainzi mumugwagwa.

Olga Konstantinovna chehova (Makore oupenyu: 1897 - 1980) uye vakafirwa mwanasikana wake. Iye yakadonha mutsaona yendege mumakore makumi mashanu.

Muzukurukadzi Save Yakavawo mutambi.

Uye rekupedzisira. Mumwe mifananidzo Olgi Chehovoy akadana "Murume aida kaviri kurarama." Pachena, iye uye saka ndakakwanisa kupona paviri, zviviri upenyu. Mumwe mukadzi aigara Germany, uye mumwe - muna Russian ...