Mashoko chimurenga - ndiko kuti pakuitika, chii basa raro?

Mazuvano, zvikuru zvakajairika kunzwa nharo pamusoro ruzivo nzanga uye anonzi mashoko chimurenga. Kufarira nyaya iyi nokuda kuchinja kuti zviri kuitika mazuva ose muupenyu munhu wose uye nzanga yenyika yose.

Chii ruzivo chimurenga?

Mukuita okukura yebudiriro evanhu kwave dzinoverengeka mashoko chimurenga, somugumisiro iyo kwaiva Qualitative kuchinja kuti kuvandudza upenyu uye tsika vanhu munyika. In chinonyanya Kazhinji mashoko chimurenga - kunokosha kuvandudzika munzanga ukama nokuda achinje mumunda wokuunganidza uye processing ruzivo. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti ruzivo chinokurwadzai kuchinja uye kunokosha nokuda evanhu kukura. Mumwe murume sezvo ake pachake kukura akatarisana chinhu chitsva uye asingazvizivi pachake asati. Izvi chinokurwadzai pfungwa nechokwadi uye kunyange kutya. Chido kubvisa kuti kunzwa kusunda kuti chiito kuwana mashoko matsva.

Kuwanda kwemashoko inongogara kuwedzera uye pane imwe nguva vakarega kuita bandwidth kukurukurirana migero, iro rinobatanidza mashoko chimurenga. Saka, mashoko chimurenga - chinhu Qualitative achikwakuka pachinhu date kugadzira nzira. Zvakanaka nhasi kwakapararira akapiwa kutsunga pedyo AI Rakitovo. Maererano musayendisiti, mashoko chimurenga - ndiko kuwedzera vhoriyamu uye kuchinja maturusi uye nzira rokuchera, kubudiswa, kuchengeta uye kuparadzira mashoko kunowanikwa veruzhinji.

General cho wokutanga mashoko chimurenga

vakatanga wokutanga mashoko chimurenga panguva imwe chete chaiwo pakuonekwa dzevanhu zvakajeka kutaura, kuti ndiwo mutauro. The chidzoke kutaura - ndiko kuitwa nokuda seboka chimiro sangano upenyu uye vagari basa, budiriro uye kuvapo kwazvo izvo hazvibviri pasina mukana wakakwana kupanana ruzivo pakati vanhu. Language ane guru rokuchinja vanhu kuti pfungwa uye nokunzwisisa kwavo munyika. Zvishoma nezvishoma vaunganidza ruzivo uye chizvarwa nechizvarwa kuburikidza zhinji ngano, dzechembere uye ngano. "Zivo Kurarama" zvaiva unhu chinyakare muvanhu. vatakuri dzavo, zvaichengeta uye Distributors vaiva mashameni, vakuru nevapristi, pashure ane rufu vamwe ruzivo vakarasikirwa, uye avo apiwa inotungamirwa dzimwe nguva akatora anopfuura rimwe remakore.

Wokutanga ruzivo chimurenga akaita simba rayo zvaangaita uye dzakaguma pamwe nguva. Ndokusaka pane imwe nguva takaona kuti zvakakosha kusika vamwe anobatsira kuti vaizoita kuchengetedza ruzivo munguva uye nzvimbo. Saizvozvowo, nzira Vachikwegura mberi zvemakore mashoko.

Nevamwe zviri rechipiri mashoko chimurenga

Chechipiri mashoko chimurenga rakatanga kumativi 5000 apfuura, apo muIjipiti uye Mesopotamia, uye ipapo China uye kuCentral America pakanga kunyora. Pakutanga, vanhu vakadzidza kuisa zivo dzavo dziri vanodhirowa. "Hieroglyphs" raiva anonzi pictographs. Pictographs (vanodhirowa) vakanga vaisa pamusoro pamasvingo mumapako kana pamusoro pemvura matombo uye hunorondedzera nguva wokuvhima, hondo zvikamu, rudo tsamba, uye zvichingodaro. D. Nokuda pictographic kunyora hakurevi chaiyo ruzivo uye zvarinoroora imwe mutauro, yakanga nyore kunzwisiswa nomunhu mumwe nomumwe uye It akararama kusvikira nhasi.

Pamwe kwaita States vakashanduka uye kunyora. Administration munyika iri sanzwisisika pasina yakarongeka yakanyorwa mapepa, izvo zvakafanira hwokuchengetedza hurongwa mukati hurumende uyewo kwemamiriro enyika, kutengeserana nedzimwe mhando zvibvumirano nevavakidzani vayo. Nokuti vakadaro rakanaka kunzwisisa chiito hieroglyphs zvakakwana. Zvishoma nezvishoma, icon vakatanga kutsiva kwakajairika zviratidzo uye Graphics, vanodhirowa akanyangarika, uye kuwedzera kunzwisisa. Uwandu kuverenga vanhu yakura, kunyanya pashure nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa earufabheti uye chitarisiko bhuku rokutanga. Zvarakanyorwa asunga ruzivo wakakurumidza zvikuru muitiro kugoverana zvinoitika uye munzanga kukura kwenzanga uye mamiriro.

Kukosha wechitatu mashoko chimurenga

Wechitatu mashoko chimurenga zvinoreva Renaissance. Masayendisiti Most kubatanidza kuidzosera nokugadzirwa yacho muchina wokudhinda. Chimiro utsanzi iri chikwereti yokuGermany Ioganna Guttenberga. Kugadzirwa Kudhinda kwakaita zvinokosha zvinhu mune socio-enyika, zvoupfumi, nhoroondo uye tsika upenyu vemo. Nevakawanda akazarura kudhinda uye bookselling masangano, kudhindwa mapepa, anoti, magazini, mabhuku, mepu, yakavakirwa masangano, zvaakadzidziswa kwete chete zvidzidzo asiwo zvakadai yokunyika nyaya sezvo masvomhu, mutemo, mushonga, uzivi uye zvichingodaro. D. The Industrial Revolution, kwakaitika XVIII remakore, hwaizova zvisingabviri pasina asati mashoko chimurenga.

Mashoko chechina chimurenga

Zvakatangira muzana XIX remakore, munguva yacho yakagadzirwa uye kwakapararira nzira vangasimudzira itsva date yokukurukurirana, hwakadai sokupupurira norunhare, redhiyo, mapikicha, terevhizheni, mutsindo yakarekodwa. zvakagadzirwa izvi vakabvumira vazhinji vari kure nezviuru makiromita kubva mumwe, kuchinjana izwi mashoko semheni. Chikuva itsva okukura munzanga, zvakafanana muzvigadzirwa utsanzi anogara chokuita upfumi kukura uye nokusimuka zvinodiwa pakurarama uye tsika.

The wechishanu mashoko chimurenga

Masayendisiti akawanda funga wechina uye wechishanu matanho havasi nomumwe, asi pamwe. Vanodavira kuti anotevedzana nzendo mashoko chimurenga, inoramba nhasi. Nebudiriro kare, kwete chete vakanga vasina kuparadzwa, asi mberi kukura kwavo, kuchinja uye pakusanganisirawo michina mitsva. Kutanga kubva 50-ies ose XX remakore kwavo tsika vanhu vakatanga kushandisa digitaalinen Michina kombiyuta. Dzinoona mashoko chimurenga anova zvechokwadi yose, zvichiita munhu mumwe nomumwe uye dzakawanda yose. Kwakapararira sumo kushandiswa kwemichina kombiyuta chagumbura munhu ruzivo chaiyo tiguu. Mashoko chimurenga - idanho dzapachivara, akanaka uye akabudirira mune ramangwana.

Alternative periodization mashoko chimurenga

Pane dzimwe nzira kuti periodization mashoko chimurenga. The inozivikanwa zvikuru pfungwa ndezvedu Toffler uye David Bell. Maererano wokutanga wavo, kukura nemafungu matatu anogona kusiyanisa vanhu: agrarian, maindasitiri uye mashoko, kwakavakirwa pazivo. D. Bell inotiwo matatu pane mashanu nguva. Maererano musayendisiti, wokutanga mashoko chimurenga kwakaitika anenge 200 apfuura, akazogadzira hwemvura injini, wechipiri - anenge 100 apfuura, apo hunoshamisa kubudirira zvakanyorwa mune simba uye kemisitiri, uye wechitatu rinoreva chipo. Anoti nhasi vanhu ari kusangana zvokugadzira zvinhu chimurenga, iyo nenzvimbo inokosha nzvimbo mashoko uye yepamusoro ruzivo rwokugadzira.

The kukosha mashoko chimurenga

Mumazuva edu ichiri kuitika, uye kuvandudza chirongwa informatization munzanga. Modern mashoko chimurenga ane zvikuru kukanganisa upenyu hwevanhu, kuchinja mararamiro aiita maitiro evanhu, mafungiro avo uye tsika. Handiregi kukudziridza muchinjikwa muganhu mashoko yose uye kukurukura network, izvo kufukidza zvose makondinendi panyika uye kupinda mumba anenge munhu wose. Nemhaka mashoko chimurenga, kuziva vanhu, iye zvino vava zvinobvira nokusangana ose Software uye Hardware mari munyika mugomba chete mashoko nzvimbo, iyo kuita sezvo pamutemo masangano uye mumuviri, uyewo hurumende zviremera zvomunzvimbo uye nechepakati.