Inokosha utariri Ezvemutauro. Analysis 5 mauto Porter Muenzaniso:

Nokuti vakabudirira bhizimisi vanofanira kufunga zvinhu zvizhinji kuti kazhinji kupukunyuka pfungwa Entrepreneurs. Zvisinei, kana iwe tarisa kunyatsotevera uye nokushingaira kudzidza dzezvoupfumi, uchadzidza zvakawanda nzira dzakasiyana kuti kubvumira kuti zvakanaka uye zvinobudirira ongorora mabasa zvemari. Imwe zvinofadza zvikuru muenzaniso ndiko kuongorora Porter kwakaita 5 mauto, muenzaniso inokurukurwa zvakadzama munyaya ino. Asi kupfuura zvose, munofanira kunzwisisa kuti chii, chii chiri pfungwa uye izvo kuchaita kuti kuzadzisa. Unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti uchaita zvachose kuva chishandiso akadai Porter kuti mauto shanu ongororo. Mienzaniso iri rugwaro achava akajeka chisimbiso.

Chii?

muenzaniso uyu inotsanangurwa 1979 nokuda mukurumbira Nezveupfumi Michael Porter. Akaita izvi kuitira kuti kusika muenzaniso wakakwana, izvo aizorega makambani kuongorora negoho dzavo uye makwikwi, uye zvakare vachiri uye kuchengetedza prices izvi pane mukuru pamwero. Pashure anenge makumi mana makore, unogona kuona zvakanaka sei kuongorora Porter kuti 5 mauto.

Mienzaniso kushandiswa kwayo muupenyu siyana chaizvo. Ongororo kwakadaro rinoshandiswa uye mafekitari, uye mumaresitorendi, nemabhengi mamwe mabhizimisi kuti vane yemakwikwi mumusika. Saka kana uchida basa rako kuti ibudirire, unofanira kufunga sei kudzidza muenzaniso uyu. Uye nyaya ino ichakubatsira kubata chokuti iri kuongorora Porter kuti 5 mauto. Mienzaniso kushandiswa kwayo vacharaswa pamberi dzako. Chechipiri hafu yacho ndiyo vakazvipira muenzaniso mumwe zvikuru matanho.

Description of muenzaniso

Apo Maykl Porter akasika womuenzaniso, akati kuti pamisika pane zvakasiyana masimba mashanu, rimwe nerimwe anosarudza kuti makwikwi pakati chigadzirwa :

• ari bargaining simba vatengi, vari imwe chidimbu;
• ari bargaining simba bhizimisi, hunobata kugoverwa mbishi zvinhu emakambani;
• pangozi kubvuta kubudikidza entrants matsva anogona kuwedzera makwikwi;
• ngozi chinotsiva mishonga kuti vane yakanakisisa reshiyo mutengo uye unhu;
• padanho makwikwi mukati pamusika akasarudzwa.

Uyu Porter raMwari 5 mauto. Muenzaniso Analysis chichange kurondedzerwa mundima yechipiri, chero zvakafanira kuti pfungwa zvakananga nezvenyanga nomumwe vehondo. Pakutanga zvingaita sokuti hapana kuongorora pamwe mitsetse izvi hazvigoni kuitwa, asi chaizvoizvo ari mugumisiro ingakushamisa. With nzira iyi uchakwanisa kuongorora basa zvebhizimisi uye makwikwi mishonga kwayo pamusoro kumusika, kuramba kuti zvimwe zvinhu kuti kukubvumira kuvandudza zvimwe zviratidzo kwenguva refu. Saka, isu zvino munyaya zvakadzama 5 nemasimba Porter, muenzaniso kuongorora zvicharehwawo kukurukurwa zvakadzama, zvokuti muchaziva zvose zvamunoda pamusoro nzira iyi.

Kushandisa muenzaniso

Sei kushandisa chaiye-nyika kuongorora Porter kuti 5 mauto? Muenzaniso: "kari" - a Russian richikurukura muzvitoro. Chinangwa chiito akadaro kuziva makwikwi imwe kumusika chidimbu, saka unogona overenga sei musoro ndiko kutanga nhumbi, ipapo vachava richiva zvakavabatsirei kuzadzisa zvinodiwa mugumisiro, uye zvichingodaro.

Saka, muenzaniso uyu rinoshandiswa upfumi nhasi chokubudisa hwakadzama yemakwikwi kuongorora kuti boka renyu zvigadzirwa, uyewo pamusika yakasanangurwa. Zvino unogona kuva zvine chivimbo chokuti kudiwa kwokukurumidzira kushandisa nzira Porter kuti 5 mauto. Muenzaniso tikaongorora mubhangi kana mumwe kambani anogona kusimbisa izvi mune ramangwana, asi iye zvino unofanira pfungwa pamusoro kuongorora mumwe nomumwe simba.

Vatsva pangozi kubvuta

Kuongororwa 5 mauto Porter pamusoro muenzaniso café kunogona hwakadzama zvikuru kuratidza kuti ndiye simba rokutanga, kureva nokutyisidzirwa kupindirwa kubudikidza entrants itsva. Saka, pane mumwe musika, uko kune hunotovapo makambani nenhumbi dzavo uye mabasa. Vatsva kuwedzera makwikwi, kureva kana Datenroku mutsva resitorendi yako kuonekwa pamusoro kumusika anogona kutanga kufamba vashomanana vatengi. kutyisidzirwa pamwero sei? Pane Porter rinoratidza zvinoverengeka chokuita mukova nokuidzivirira. Kana zviri kumusoro, ipapo kutyisidzira achava yakaderera, nekuti havasi vose anoda kuikurira.

Ndezvipi izvi? Chekutanga, upfumi akamboona. Kana Vhoriyamu musika riri guru, mari imwe chikwata achava pasi, saka entrants itsva zvaizonetsa kuita zvakanaka Royi. Chechipiri, ndiwo Kusiyanisa of chigadzirwa - zvikuru mumusika pakati yaivapo zvinhu kana mabasa, zvikuru kunzwisisa bato itsva kwikwidza. Chechitatu, ndiye kudiwa guta - dzakanga kwokutanga mubhizimisi chikumbaridzo, kashoma kuti vatambi vatsva vachapinda pamusika. Uyewo kucherechedza ndiyo kukwirira mari, kuwana kuparadzirwa hova uye mutemo wehurumende pachinhu pakuburitswa imwe kumusika. Chokwadi, zvinoita hakugumiri - pane zvimwe kutyisidzira kuti kuvimba zvakananga pamusoro okutengesa pamusika uye iyezvino ezvinhu.

The bargaining simba vatengi

Kana isu kutaura nezvesimba rechipiri, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti zvakanaka kusarudza pamusika apo mutengi ane yakadereresa simba uye simba ndiyo dukusa. Sei? Chikonzero ndechokuti vatengi vari vatengi mishonga yenyu uye mabasa, saka akafanirwa kwavari uye kune musika. Simba vatengi nesimba guru kunogona chokuita zvinhu zvenyu, yaida yepamusoro quality, kupa zvavanoda uye zvichingodaro. Zvokuti diki padanho mutengi simba pamisika, nani kwauri.

Pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka nokuda kwekuwedzera mutengi simba: somuenzaniso, kushaya kusiyana nhumbi (mutengi anogona kusarudza chero, asi haisi chigadzirwa yako), yakakwirira aikanganiswa mutengo (mutengi anosarudza chigadzirwa yako, asi yakachipa pashiri sarudzo) uye zvichingodaro.

The bargaining simba bhizimisi

The bargaining simba bhizimisi kunoratidzwa kwete kakawanda simba vatengi, asi zvainoita kunogona kuva kwakasimba zvikuru. Chokwadi kuti bhizimisi, chokwadi, muri varidzi zvinhu, pasina izvo kambani havagoni kushanda. Uye mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu rinobatsirwa kugamuchira dzakakwirira zvikuru kwevari simba - somuenzaniso, kana ivo vari kumusika havasi zvakawanda (kana pamusika ari ndiye), apo zvinhu zvinoshandiswa ayo kugadzirwa, muri shoma, uye nokuchinja mari kungaitwa pane mbishi zvinhu vachatitaka kukwirira. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, bhizimisi vane zvakawanda simba kupfuura dzose, uye vanogona zvakananga itibatsire musika ezvinhu, uye panguva imwecheteyo, uye pamusoro makwikwi.

The kwaita tsiva zvinogadzirwa

Substitutes - Ndivo zvinogadzirwa kuti anogona kupa mari pane chigadzirwa wako. In pamberi yepamusoro analoginen purofiti iwe apora. Vanoumba nengozi kune zvinotsiva kuti ape kukwezva mutengo-unhu reshiyo. Chero bedzi mutengi anogona kutenga zvakawanda cheaply yakaderera unhu nhumbi, hazvizovi kutenga vako.

Uyewo vangangokukuvadza kuisa zvigadzirwa kubva kuzivikanwa mavanga, izvo kare akawana zvinoorora kukurumbira mune dzimwe mumisika, uye zvino kuronga kuita zvakafanana mugumisiro uri mutsva. Rwisa Sevamiririri zvakafanira nokusika muchiso ravo simba, kuvandudza chigadzirwa Kusiyanisa, kubviswa Standardization uye zvichingodaro.

intersectoral makwikwi

Uye, chokwadi, usakanganwa kuti makwikwi pamisika chinonyanya sei ruripo apo vatori. Padanho yemakwikwi pamisika ichava pakakwirira kana kunounza vatori vechikamu vanenge zana vhoriyamu zvakayenzana kugadzirwa, pasi Kusiyanisa mishonga, matunhu zvipingamupinyi kuti kupinda kumusika uye zvichingodaro. Kukwikwidzana Chokwadi, akazoita profitability ari indasitiri, saka unofanira kubhadhara ngwariro chaiyo chinhu ichi.

Kunyatsoongorora makwikwi pakati zvinhu padanho makwikwi

Zvakanaka, imi munotoriziva rose pamusoro masimba zvinorondedzerwa muna 1979 na Maykl Porter, zvino unogona zvakadzikama kuongorora 5 mauto Porter pamusoro Datenroku muenzaniso, resitorendi, chitoro kana rimwe sangano ripi neripi. Asi kuti awedzere kunyatsoshanda pamusoro pachisara unofanira fananidza nayo. Izvi ndizvo huchakurukurwa.

Zvino mashoko achaparadzwa kurondedzerwa muenzaniso pachisara rakakamurwa matanho mana. Chokutanga tinyatsonzwisisa ari makwikwi zvibereko zvako uye padanho makwikwi imwe kumusika. In danho iri, unofanira kuongorora chinotsiva zvigadzirwa vaivapo pamusika, achivapa panguva mugwaro chete kubva imwe matatu, apo mumwe - ndiko kushaya Sevamiririri, vaviri - iri pamberi low mugove kumusika, asi vatatu - ndiyo kuvapo yakakwirira musika mugove. Kana wasvikapo imwe pfungwa, kutyisidzira pamwero yakaderera, kana vaviri - paavhareji, uye kana vatatu - kumusoro.

The rakatevera pfungwa - the kuongorora intra-indasitiri makwikwi, chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha Porter kuti 5 mauto.

MUENZANISO chitoro kuongorora chingaratidzika akafanana. Kune zvina zvinhu: uwandu vechikamu pamusika, musika kukura zvazvingava, padanho chigadzirwa Kusiyanisa uye muganhu mutengo inowedzerawo. Sezvingatarisirwa, mumwe nomumwe zvinhu izvi vanewo nzira yavo naro vanogona kuwana kubva munhu matatu pfungwa. Kana tiri kutaura zvake zvakachengetwa, musika saturation pamwero kumusoro (3 pfungwa), uyewo musika kukura mwero (1 nguva), zvibereko makambani akasiyana chaizvo kubva mumwe (1 pfungwa), uye nomukana mutengo inowedzera chete kuwanikwa mukati mutengo bemhapemha (2 pfungwa). Zvinoguma 7 pfungwa, achipa neavhareji pamwero intra-indasitiri makwikwi.

Napavakapinda napo evakurukuri itsva kumusika, pano pane zvakawanda parameters: upfumi scale, simba muchiso, chigadzirwa Kusiyanisa, uyewo zvose zvinodiwa avo, izvo zvave inorondedzerwa yokungotaura chikamu. Kana kutaura pamusoro muenzaniso chaiwo ane chitoro kana Datenroku, zvinokwanisika kuti kufunga kuti upfumi pakafunuka kuti mugovane mashomanana (2 pfungwa), chigadzirwa Kusiyanisa ichava paavhareji, uye kuda Vatori kuderedza mitengo achava mukuru, kunze vamiririri makuru. Vamwe parameters vachava yakakwirira yakati sandara, kureva kuwana matatu points.

Zvinoguma refu azvipire kutyiswa entrants matsva. By ikozvino, maona, pamwe kworudzii ruoko, pane chinonyanya ngozi renyu.

Tinyatsonzwisisa kumusika simba vatengi

Zvisinei, ndiwo matanho matatu chete, uye iwe unofanira kufunga yose Porter kuti 5 mauto. Muenzaniso kuongorora nemabhangi kuchaita kuti tinzwisise sei kuongorora simba vatengi. Pano, zvichabuda pana kumusoro, svikiro kana pasi ndingangokuvara kurasikirwa vatengi. At avhareji pamahombekombe kumwe hafu mari rinobva simba vatengi, asi imwe hafu weveta zororo (2 pfungwa). Uyewo, mbiri pfungwa vakawana muna kunyatsoongorora zviri propensity pakati vatengi kuti chinja kuna Sevamiririri, sezvo mabasa zvaipiwa pamahombekombe, chete pamwe nemamwe.

Uyewo, vatengi vari zvikuru kuziva mutengo, ipapo pachava edzai kuti chinja pfungwa, inova mari yakawanda. Uyewo mutengi kusagutsikana inogona dzinoongororwa musi mbiri dzinokosha. Uye pakupedzisira zvinoitika kuti mukana kurasikirwa vatengi zvakakwirira.

Tinyatsonzwisisa musika nesimba bhizimisi

Kuti anosvika pedyo kuongorora yemakwikwi masimba mashanu Porter. Muenzaniso uchataura pamusoro ichangobva simba pamusoro bhizimisi. Pano Kukoshesa vanofanira kupa mbiri-pfungwa, pane imwe-pfungwa nhatu akamboona. Kuongororwa 5 mauto Porter muenzaniso muresitorendi chinoratidza kuti bhizimisi ose pamusika zvikuru - zvakawanda zvokusarudza, pasina kumanikana mu bhuku pakugadzira zvinhu, kana zvakakodzera, kuti chinja mumwe mutengesi wacho mari havasi kukwirira, sezvo chikamu ichi chinhu kukoshesa vakawanda Provider . Mugumisiro ndechokuti zvachose rubatsiro hapana zvainoita pamusika.

Achiratidza

Taidzidza muudzame Porter wacho 5 mauto. MUENZANISO zvebhizimisi kuongorora nokupfupikisa kumugumo. Unofanira kuongorora nomumwe vehondo shanu kuti kusarudza kana paine kumusoro, svikiro kana vakaderera ukoshi kuti kambani yako imwe kumusika, ipapo hunonyatsodonongodza nomumwe wavo uye kukudziridza tambo basa kugadzirisa dambudziko, kana zvakakodzera kuti iwe.