Economic Kudyidzana: pfungwa uye sangano

Pasinei chokwadi kuti Russia inoverengeka zvakasiyana zviri pamutemo siyana repamutemo pakupera 2011 zvakakwana, Hurumende yakasarudza anosuma mumwe mhando, kureva, upfumi Kudyidzana.

Ichi chimiro zvebhizimisi pamusoro Pfungwa muparamende chaizova chinhu pakati nemhuri. Kudyidzana uye nemhuri. vanhu vave dzakanakira chingaitwa kuitisa bhizimisi utsanzi. Saka, vagari Russian akazvipiwa kodzero kusika upfumi Kudyidzana. Mienzaniso zvikuru akakodzera kwemauto ichi ndiwo: masangano kushanda vakashandisa tsvakurudzo, injiniya mabasa, zvekushandisa, kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa, etc ...

Pfungwa zvoupfumi Kudyidzana

Kudyidzana Economic - a zvebhizimisi nevanhu vakawanda (dzinenge mbiri, asi kwete kupfuura 50), kutarisirwa nenhengo dzesangano kana nevamwe vanhu kusvika uye zvezvinotaurwa izvo anosimbisa sungano iri Panodyidzanwa zvakanaka. Households. Kudyidzana - inzira repamutemo, zviri pamutemo yakasimbiswa uye inodzorwa muRussia.

Makambani aya anokwanisa kuitisa basa rayo chete munzvimbo idzi, uye mhando avo chete, izvo zvave aifarirwa Hurumende. Muchiitiko chino, kuti vawane kodzero yokuita zvimwe kudyidzana izvi vanofanira kuva rezinesi. Vakwikwidzi mubhizimisi achidyidzana kunogona vanhu uye zviri pamutemo.

pamutemo chengetedzo

Kufanana mimwe mhando yebasa, vari nokudzorwa mutemo uye akakodzera GKRF FL. Main zvinhu uye nuances utariri nehondo. kudyidzana inopiwa nokuti batana mutemo. mutemo uyu (Federal Law № 380 "On zveupfumi kudyidzana") rakagamuchirwa muna December 2011, nhamba yechitatu.

hurumende yeRussia kunonyora, sezvo ivo rinofanira kubva, uye sei nyoreka ezvoupfumi kudyidzana. Of Civil Code Art. 50 anovamba Kudyidzana sezvo nzira mabhizimisi sangano, uye vari art. 65,1 rinojekesa kuti ichi mhando kambani chinhu chepamusoro isangano.

Federal Law № 380 inorondedzera pamutemo zvoupfumi kudyidzana, zvinofanira pakagadzwa kwavo uye kutarisirwa, kodzero dzavo uye mabasa, kunyanya nokubatanidzwazve kana liquidation, uyewo kodzero, mabasa uye mabasa Kudyidzana. It nesipereti akabudisa nuances kwezvisikwa uye kurapa magwaro constituent uye vakabatsira guru.

kudyidzana pokugadzwa

Pokugadzwa sangano riri kuumbwa kuva nebhizimisi kudyidzana, zvinokwanisika chete nemijenya rokusangana ravo (nenguva simba zvizere). Paumbwe boka kuburikidza nokubatanidzwazve mumwe sangano hazvibviri.

Panguva pokugadzwa dzemabhizimisi Vatori vanosungirwa kusarudza uye kugadza imwe wevanoongorora akaunzi Kudyidzana. Vanogona kuva sesangano, kana munhu, ane kodzero yokuita Auditing maererano nomutemo Russian.

Decision iri kufarirwa nemhuri. Kudyidzana anofanira ane mugumisiro wacho sarudzo yacho havaoni, uyewo mashoko avo sarudzo (pamusoro kwemamiriro pakudyidzana zvibvumirano, sarudzo zvakanaka miviri uye nezvimwe).

Register upfumi Kudyidzana hunodzorwa Mutemo 129 kubva 08.08.2001 "On nehurumende. kunyoresa pamutemo masangano uye munhu Entrepreneurs. " Pakazosvika Federal Mutero Service ari mashoko yakatangwa mutemo.

Partnership utariri miviri

kudyidzana Economic anofanira hunodiwa vasanangurwa mukuru Executive Officer uye odhita Commission.

Murayiro inotungamirwa wavo wakasimba mune yesungano pakudyidzana, kunze zvinhu avo, uye nuances, izvo yakataurwa usingaperi.

The bedzi Executive muviri kusarudzwa kusarudza mumwe vechikamu pamusoro Kudyidzana, nokuti nguva kuti raanotaura bumbiro kana kuti nokusingagumi nguva, kana nuance izvi hazvina kunyorwa dzakavamba gwaro. ruzivo All (kusanganisira mashoko pamusoro shanduko) ari bedzi Executive muviri pasi hurumende. kunyoresa.

The bedzi Executive muviri vachiita nokuda Kudyidzana (pasina netsamba), riri basa uye ane kodzero chinyatsotsanangurwa ari Management Agreement. Ane kodzero kuti ape mitemo iri kugadzwa kana kudzingwa revashandi dzesangano, kukurudzira kana misa vashandi.

Odhita Partnership Commission (Auditor) - ndiwo muviri kodzero kuitisa dzose akazvimirira audits pamusoro pakudyidzana, ayo zvemari uye zvoupfumi basa. Ane kuwana magwaro ose jur. munhu. Matanho ayo anosimbisa bumbiro pamusoro pakudyidzana.

Auditor kana nhengo Commission ringangova munhu asiri nhengo zvoupfumi Kudyidzana.

Kodzero vechikamu uye Kudyidzana yose

(. Article 5 Federal Mutemo № 380) FL bhizimisi kudyidzana rinotsanangura uye anoita kodzero vechikamu pamusoro repamutemo, kureva vadzidzi vanokwanisa:

• kutarisira Kudyidzana;
• kugamuchira mashoko zvose zvakafanira nezvemabasa resangano, kusanganisira kuwana chizvidavirire nezvimwe mapepa;
• kutengesa danda yaro Kudyidzana guru, apo mune nyaya kutengeswa pre-emptive kodzero kutenga vamwe vari nhengo Kudyidzana, uye kwema zvose zviri kunoitwa gweta;
• pakuparwa liquidation of repamutemo kugamuchira mugove wenhaka (mu-mhando kana mari yakaenzana), kana ani zvasara pashure vachibhadhara vose chikwereti;
• kusiya kufarira kudyidzana kana kumbira Kudyidzana kuzvidzikunura.

Uyewo, kana ane zvebhizimisi utariri chibvumirano inopa vatori vane kodzero kupa yake mugove mari yechibatiso.

Kana kodzero zvoupfumi Kudyidzana, yeUnited mutemo bhizimisi kudyidzana, awane naye mukana kunakidzwa vose kodzero dzevanhu uye mitoro, izvo zvakafanira kuita chero basa akatenderwa mitemo Russian Federation, kana hazvina zvinopesana zvebasa pakudyidzana kushanda, izvo raanotaura Charter uye Agreement.

Panyaya iyi, Federal Mutemo panorambidza Kudyidzana:

• kuva muvambi kana nhengo dzimwe mabhizimisi, Kunze - mibatanidzwa kana neshamwari (pamutemo vanhu.);
• kuti ape zvisungo kana zvimwe kuchengetedzeka;
• kusimudzira sangano.

Mabasa nemitoro

Kuwedzera kodzero vakagadza nhengo pakudyidzana, uyewo boka rose, mutemo bhizimisi kudyidzana govera mabasa avo uye mabasa. Saka, makambani aya, vatori vanofanira:

• dzinobatsira mugove guru pamusoro misi uye mari zvaitaurwa chibvumirano;
• kwete pachena zvakavanzika mashoko nezvebasa vesangano.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti nhengo dzesangano hazvisi nomutoro wechikwereti nokubatira ari Kudyidzana, asi chete vane mukana yemakambani nezvinhu chokuita mabasa ayo, mumamiriro mipiro navo. Zvichakadaro Kudyidzana inoungana zvose pfuma kwavo nokubatira warwo uye haisi mhosva nokubatira nhengo dzayo.

Kana kuti kugarwa ne chikwereti panguva Kudyidzana haisi mari yakakwana, vatori vechikamu vanogona zvinozvipira kuripa chikwereti ichi.

Kana basa chibvumirano akapa kugadzwa zvoupfumi Panodyidzanwa Partnership zvakanaka nhengo, humboo achaitwa nomutoro wechikwereti kukuvadza kuti sangano, kana ani, vavapo nokuda mhosva yavo (basa / basa). Possible Kusara raanotaura chibvumirano kana zvimwe chikonzero FL kana huwandu kuita.

Kubva dare kunogona kunze vaya vakaroorana vasinganamati kuti kwokutanga kana unozotevera mupiro mugove guta iri nenguva nenzira, pamwe mutongo pamusoro kuzvibvisa anofanira kutorwa vachibvumirana. Uyewo kucherechedza kuti kana kambani vadyidzani mu pakakuvara mabasa avo, izvo enshrined muna Federal Law, vadzidzi vane kodzero pachinodiwa naye kubva Kudyidzana kuburikidza matare.

kudyidzana Charter

magwaro Constituent upfumi Kudyidzana - mugwaro racho kambani uye chibvumirano pamusoro basa nemhuri. Kudyidzana.

Charter kudyidzana achitevedza Chikamu 9 Federal Mutemo upfumi № 380 zvinofanira chasainwa dzose havaoni ose sangano, uyewo gwaro kunodiwa kuti mashoko pamusoro:

• ari yemakambani zita sangano (hapana abbreviations);
• pamusoro mabasa pakudyidzana;
• pamusoro nzvimbo hupfumi Kudyidzana;
• kuti mugove guru (ukuru hwaro);
• pamusoro nzira kuchengeta zvebhizimisi magwaro (ruzivo pamusoro uwandu marezinesi uye gweta nzvimbo nzvimbo, iyo yave vaipupurirwa uye akaramba chibvumirano pamusoro kurapa Kudyidzana);
• pamusoro zviri paumbwe hurumende.

Charter kuti Economic Partnership anogona dzinewo rumwe ruzivo panguva kungwara havaoni zvayo kana hazvisi pamusoro pomurayiro.

Chero kuchinja kuti bumbiro iri zvebhizimisi, inofanira kutorwa vachibvumirana ne vechikamu zvose (kusanganisira vaya vasiri havaoni) uye vakanyorwa.

Kuri kuti chero nhengo Kudyidzana kana munhu hanya kupa bumbiro kuti zvinoda kuongororwa, zviri pasi pakarepo Implementation. Kana chikumbiro kuti ape kopi mari angachajwa chete zvokuti asingaiti kusapfuudza mari yayo kugadzirwa.

Agreement pamusoro pakudyidzana utariri

General zvinodiwa nokuti Partnership Agreement averenga Art. 6 Federal Mutemo pamusoro zveupfumi kudyidzana. Maererano chibvumirano ichi vangaendeswa chero mashoko pamusoro kodzero nokubatira vechikamu uye peculiarities pamusoro Kudyidzana, izvo zvisiri zvinopesana nemurairo uye hakufaniri huri bumbiro.

Agreement pamusoro kurapa nebhizimisi kudyidzana vachava kunyora uye notarized wakaiswa. Muchiitiko chino, kuchinja vose vaivapo kuitwa kuti zvinofanira kupupurirwa gweta.

Izvi dzakavamba gwaro iri Kudyidzana kodzero kutaridzwa zvinotevera:

• inotungamirwa mamiriro ezvinhu zvakarurama guru, nguva uye uwandu migove kwaari;
• nevadiwa mutoro, kwete kuita kuti mugove guru;
• kodzero havaoni izvo vasiri maererano kwavo nomupiro;
• kurambidzwa pamusoro kuzvibvisa pane migove muguta guru kana wake akadzokorora kutenga / sero;
• kuita kuti pakakuvara zvakavanzika;
• zvinhu kupinda kudyidzana yavose rechitatu;
• siyana mitemo dzekugadzirisa kusawirirana pakati mapato anenge nezvimwe zvakadaro zvokudya.

Kusiyana mutemo, chibvumirano hakusi paruzhinji gwaro. Uye kuti vose vaone chete chete mvumo anemasimba muviri. Saka, vadzidzi zvoupfumi kudyidzana havagoni kuvimba chibvumirano pamusoro kurapa ukama kumapati rechitatu. An Kunze kungava chete idzodzo ezvinhu apo vakaroorana vanogona kuratidza kuti bato wechitatu vaiziva kana vanofanira kuziva panguva yacho kutengeserana pamusoro zviri constituent chiridzwa.

Share guru wekambani

Finance Masangano zvebhizimisi - ndiye paumbwe nokuparadzirwa mari, uyewo avo kushandiswa. Mumwe makambani raro guru mari.

kudyidzana Economic, kufanana nemamwe mabhizimisi, vanofanira kuva ravo guru. Legal varidzi. chiso, zvichiita mugove wake, vawane kodzero kushandisa sangano iri uye vane mamwe mabasa panhau iyi.

Muparamende Inosimbisa nomumwe pamutemo chimiro zvaidiwa fanira guta. Saka, maererano Art. 66 GKRF kudyidzana kwoupfumi vanofanira kuumba dura guru.

It chakaumbwa kuiisa mari, pfuma, kana zvimwe kodzero kuti vane mari ukoshi vamwe vose. Mupiro angasava kunze kwezvisungo mhuri kuchengetedzeka. munzanga. Kana dhipoziti hauna mu mari, ukoshi hwayo anofanira kutsunga vachibvumirana pamusangano vakatanga pakati Kudyidzana. Kana nekubvirana pasi nyaya iyi hazvibviri, mipiro zvinofanira kuitwa muupenyu mari. Parts kana ose achabatsira, zvikaonekwa pesungano.

Kana Kudyidzana chibvumirano vari usatsungirira mitemo rakasiyana nomumwe, kwete chikamu akaita mupiro mugove guru, zvinonzi kubhadhara 10% of Kudyidzana chikamu ichi uye kuti dzosera chakakonzerwa namaneja Nokurasikirwa nokuda kwechikonzero ichi kunodiwa.

Federal Law № 380 anovamba zvaunoda kodzero kutenga mugove nokururama guta nokuda kwayo kuvashanu.

Kurongwa Patsva hupfumi Kudyidzana

kudyidzana Economic, uyewo mamwe nomutemo masangano anogona kurongwazve kana liquidated kana yokushayiwa.

Zviri nokubatanidzwazve emakambani aya vanorondedzerwa unyanzvi. 24 FL-380. Nyaya yacho yakataura kuti chete nezvechisarudzo nokuda nokubatanidzwazve ari repamutemo fomu is kuva repamutemo. Fanira nokubatanidzwazve iri chiitiko kuti uwandu vechikamu vanhu vanopfuura 50 Kudyidzana.

Kurongwa Patsva anogona kuitwa chete pashure rakapa chisarudzo parutivi havaoni, zvinofanira ane:

• ruzivo pamusoro zita uye Kero boka;
• hurongwa uye mamiriro ezvinhu nokubatanidzwazve;
• kunyanya kupanana migove iri guru vechikamu pamusoro pakudyidzana mugove;
• Information pamusoro nhengo zvikuru akasika odhita basa (kana anenge mumwe kugadzwa Vaongorori);
• ruzivo pamusoro vechikamu pamusoro collegial Executive muviri, kana chimwe, kana kambani kuchaita kuumba pavo;
• ruzivo pamusoro webato, unova chete Executive muviri;
• mashoko ari kufarirwa kuchinjwa chiito, uyewo nokushandisa chiito ichi;
• mashoko ari kufarirwa nyaya kushamwaridzana, uyewo pokushandisa midziyo kukumbanidzwa.

Kamwe chisarudzo unoitwa, ichi chinofanira kuva mukati kushanda mazuva matatu kuti vaudze hurumende simba, iyo basa kunyoresa pamutemo. vanhu nokutuma mumwe rakanyorwa nekuzivisa nokubatanidzwazve. Kwakavakirwa kuchinja uku mashoko wakapinda vasina kuroora. yokunyoresa. Pashure iyo isangano repamutemo vanosungirwa kuparidza vezvenhau ruzivo pamusoro wayo nokubatanidzwazve.

The kambani ichaongororwa kurongwazve kubva nguva kunyoresa vari Federal Mutero Service itsva kwemajoini wemari kambani, zvichiguma nokubatanidzwazve. Pashure vose kunoshamisa sungiro, kodzero uye mabasa hupfumi Kudyidzana zvaitambidzwa vagari wemari kambani zvizere.

Liquidation ramambo Kudyidzana

In Art. 25 of Federal Law nhamba 380 dzakanyorwa zviri kuchaitwa hupfumi Kudyidzana, chikuru chiri fanira liquidation ari zvebhizimisi, kana vatori vechikamu akanga aderedzwa uye akanga asingasviki maviri.

The liquidation wekambani anogona kunge yokuzvidira kana kuti dare. Kana rokutanga musimboti vechikamu Kudyidzana kana mitumbi mvumo (raanotaura chibvumirano) wamuchapa liquidation basa.

The liquidation komiti anoitisa kubhadhara zvose kune zvikwereti, ipapo kuzochera akakwidza liquidation mwero. Kana mari masangano zvokutengeserana, izvo zvoupfumi kudyidzana (mu liquidation) zvishoma uye havasi zvakakwana kubhadhara zvikwereti zvose, Komisheni anotengesa yesangano iri boka pa pachena okisheni.

The pfuma, iyo inogara pashure vachibhadhara kuti chikwereti, anofanira hwakatamisirwa liquidation basa rese ose pakudyidzana zvakaenzanirana dzavo mupiro kuti mugove guru.

Kubva apa zvinogona vakagumisa kuti pfungwa huru pakati mamwe kwesangano uye dzepamutemo siyana upfumi Kudyidzana. Pakati Civil Code uye Federal Law nhamba 380 achibvumira masangano iyi mhando:

• adzivirire contractual ukama pakati havaoni ari Partnership;
• yokufudza zvinodiwa vechikamu basa maererano mipiro yavo;
• zvakawanda rusununguko zviri kuparadzira kodzero mitoro yacho havaoni, pakugadzirwa Panodyidzanwa Kutarisira zvinhu achibatsirwa basa esungano.