Deadweight - Deadweight ndiko ... (mudziyo vanokwanisa): izita

Nhasi, ari nezvifambiso zvinosvika munyika chezvematongerwe kugoverwa pakati akasiyana modes yokufambisa. Chero chinhu anowana kwatiri kubva kunze kwenyika, wakakumikidzwa achishandisa mugwagwa, njanji, mhepo kana gungwa senga. Basa yokupedzisira kunonyanya guru mukomboni makondinendi uye makondinendi, sezvo emvura yakawanda panyika, nekuti icho zvokufambisa vari mumarori uye nezvitima ave hazviiti. Message ndege zvinodhura zvikuru. Kunyanya, ndege anokwanisa kutakura hakuna kudaro rinorema. Pane chimwe chete mhando pakufamba zviri kudiwa emakore - gungwa.

Sezvo, vachimuenzanisa nhasi kutanga ukama wezvokutengeserana, marudzi mazhinji midziyo dzave kushandiswa uchidzidzira. Somuenzaniso, kune hombe vatakuri (yezvisikwa zvinosanganisira zvikepe, hombe vatakuri, magwenya), sefiriji (pamwe mudziyo kutonhora nemidziyo kuti kutakurwa zvigadzirwa), mudziyo (nokuti zvomumvura zvifambiso dzenhoroondo 8-rutsoka mudziyo) uye vamwe. Izvi midziyo deadweight iri dzakashandisa kutakura imwe mhando chigadzirwa; Vari zvose akashongedzerwa rinokosha michina. Saka, chero zvinhu zvinogona yaitakurwa nomugungwa zvapo yakakwana akawanda!

How kushandisa dare?

Vazhinji nenhumbi kuuya akawanda, tave nekugamuchirwa gungwa. Chikepe anokwanisa anobvumawo zviuru ematani nhumbi - sezvo vazhinji haazorambi kusimudza chero ndege munyika. Chii Zvinokoshawo ndiro vade mutengo chokufambisa makuru consignments nemugungwa. Enzanisa - kana kupfuura ndege An-225 ( "Mriya") anokwanisa kutakura matani 120, deadweight (ichi tonnage yakasindimara) kunyange igwa duku akaenzana 3-5 zviuru matani. Chii kutaura guru zvinoyangarara platforms kuti chokufambisa. Zvino zviri pachena kuti kushandiswa kwemvura chokufambisa zvakawanda zvokufambisa kana toreva kutakura zvinhu. Zvakaipira zvikepe anganzi kana refu nguva yacho rwendo. Zvisinei, hazvina kukutyisa, nekuti unogona kuronga chokuendesa nhumbi, achitarisira nguva hurukuro mugungwa.

vazhinji sei kuchengeta chikepe?

Sezvatotaurwa, muchikepe vachikwanisa inechirevo nechiidzo akadai deadweight. The rokuti rinobva Chirungu deadweight, izvo zvinoreva kuti "akafa uremu." Zvinonzwisiswa kuti vaifanira guru aigona kutakura mudziyo vanoita pamwe inowanzotorwa kosi. Pfuura mufananidzo uyu asingagoni. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvinobudirira chartering ngarava, kwete kumumanikidza kuti nechikepe chete pazvigaro isina uye kwete wakaremedza kukwira yakaoma guru. Zvikepe deadweight rinowanikwa nevanhu kubvisa pamusoro chinhu kurema muchikepe, vakagadzirira nechikepe, kubva vakawanda, pane izvo mudziyo iri kunyudzwa zvakakwana mumvura kuti azvipire nhumbi (zvizere misha).

Ko ichi zvinobudirira?

Kutaura zvazviri, deadweight - kurema musiyano, zvisina kukwana kuti zvakazara Takudzai ngarava, zvishoma mujinga chikepe michina. Kana rokukwidza mamirire ichi nhoroondo nenzira yakadai, somunhu kukosha zvakanyanyisa, kufadza, rinogona kutakura chikepe. Transportation Makambani kuti bumbiro zvikepe kubata chokufambisa nguva dzose, tichiziva kuti deadweight ari mudziyo chinonyanya kukosha hunhu hwake, vakakwanisa kuparadzira mitoro sezvo zvakanyanya sezvinobvira vasunungurwa mudziyo. ukoshi Izvi zvinogonawo kunzi akatakura inokwana chete ndege.

Nei zvichikosha kuverenga deadweight?

Uyezve, kuti vazive kuti zvakadini uremu sezvinobvira inogona kuendeswa chimwe chikepe, achibatsirwa deadweight uye zvinobudirira kunogona ngaaverenge vazhinji "payload" uye mutoro, izvo zvinodiwa nokushambira. Aimbova vanosanganisira zvinhu avo uye zvinhu, maererano chibvumirano, vanofanira kutakura chikepe kubva pfungwa A kukuratidza B. With Panyaya yechipiri - mutoro swimming - Zvino anofanira anonzi nehwemweya mvura yakachena, mafuta nezvimwewo combustible zvokuvakisa, reserves zvokudya uyewo kurema vose vaivamo.

Maererano nenyanzvi dzose mugungwa remabasa, deadweight - kazhinji zvikamu zviviri, akaparadzirwa nhamba 90% 10% vachida vanonzi payload.

Mienzaniso siyana zvikepe deadweight

Kuti kumiririra zvakanyatsojeka kukura kukosha ichi, isu funga mienzaniso. Saka, pane nhumbi chikepe "Omsk", iro rinoreva R2 / R3 RSN kirasi. chikepe ichi, muviri une urefu 108 uye wakafara makubhiti 15 mamita. Kufamba muchikepe ndivo screws maviri. Maererano nemashoko ari Marine Register wekushandisa deadweight "Omsk" ndizvo matani 3070 vose apo motokari murwizi uye negungwa. Zvakaratidza kuti anenge matani 200 vanoumba buffer mumatanda uye anenge 2800 matani anogona kuiswa chikepe ichi sezvo zvinhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhumbi chikepe reshiyo zvingangowedzera 90% 10%, uye mune zvimwe zviitiko 95% kusvika 5% - zvakawanda muchifarira nhumbi atiitirewo. nzvimbo pane mutakurwi ngarava.

Zvimwe zvechadenga mudziyo

Zviri pachena, zvakadai anozivikanwa sezvo deadweight - chinhu chinokosha parameter, zvakakodzera kana pakuverenga kuti kunyatsoshanda pakati chikepe kubva rwendo wayo yokupedzisira ukoshi. Zvisinei, zviri pachena kuti hazvisi chete sezvo rinokosha chakarurama. Somuenzaniso, chartering munhu akayangarara raanoziva kunofanira kuteerera zvachose anokwanisa akabata vavo hukuru. Uyezve, basa rinokosha iri kuridzwa ne mhando nhumbi ngarava, ayo chipfuro kuenda (nokuti chokufambisa upi zvinhu zviri pakutanga kushandiswa).

Kazhinji, zviratidzo zvakadai vanokwanisa anoridza rakakura basa. Narwo akatarisana varongi motokari nguva dzose ngarava yakatakura.