Chii interphase, kana chinokosha chikamu muchitokisi kutenderera

Chii interphase? Izwi iri rinobva muchiLatin shoko "Inter" rinoreva "pakati" uye rechiGiriki "Phasis" - kumwedzi. Iyi yakaoma umo muchitokisi inokura uye rinoungana zvinovaka muviri kugadzirira chinotevera kupesana. Interphase inoremekedzwa akawanda muchitokisi kutenderera, uye 90% upenyu masero ose chakwira pamusoro payo.

Chii interphase

Kazhinji, vakawanda zvinoumba masero yakavakwa munyika Pasika, saka govera payo nomumwe mamwe matanho ari nyore. Asi zvinhu zvipenyu interphase muzvikamu zvitatu, kutungamirirwa pamusoro kuberekana kubva deoxyribonucleic asidhi (DNA) muchitokisi musimboti.

Nguva interphase: Pasika G (1), danho S, danho G (2). Presynthetic nguva (G1), ane zita rinobva Chirungu pakakoromoka, rakashandurwa kuti "chinguva", anotanga pakarepo pashure weboka. Zviri yakareba chaizvo nguva, zvisingaperi kubva maawa gumi mazuva akawanda. Zvaive munguva kuwanda yake zvinhu uye kugadzirira doubling yokugara zvinhu: hunotanga kwetunhu RNA, anogadzirwa anodiwa mapurotini.

Ndeipi interphase yake yokupedzisira nguva? In presynthetic chokutambudzika vakawanda ribosomes, kuwedzera pamusoro pemvura nzvimbo ine endoplasmic reticulum uye mitochondria kuonekwa itsva. Cell, unoparadza yakawanda simba iri kukura nokukurumidza.

masero kusiyaniswa zvisisina mukana kugoverana, vari zororo danho rinonzi G0.

The chikuru Nguva interphase

Pasinei pezvakaitwa kuitika muchitokisi iri interphase, nechimwe subphases zvakakosha mukuru kugadzirira mitosis. Zvisinei, kuti chakaita zvokugadzirwa nguva inogona kunzi yakachinja, nokuti panguva yake kaviri okutodza uye kutanga nokukurumidza gadziriro kugovera. RNA kuramba synthesized, asi pakarepo pamwe mapuroteni okutodza, DNA kuberekana pokutangira.

Interphase masero muchikamu ichi rinovapo maawa matanhatu gumi. Somugumisiro, mumwe nomumwe okutodza kare kaviri uye rine mbiri hanzvadzi chromatids, iyo zvino diverge kubva matanda mitotic chokurukisa. Munguva chakaita zvokugadzirwa chokutambudzika, ivo centrioles vari nekaviri kana vari, Chokwadi, tiri keji. Panguva iyi, okutodza dzinogona kuonekwa nemaikorosikopu.

wechitatu kumwedzi

Chromatids vari majini zvakangofanana, somumwe wavo - mubereki, uye wechipiri - kudzokororwa kushandisa mutumwa RNA.

Mangoti paiva doubling izere zvachose masero acho anotanga postsynthetic nguva isati weboka. Izvi zvinoteverwa paumbwe microtubules umo chichagadzirirwa papera kupesana chokurukisa uye chromatids kuchaita diverge kubva namatanda. Also inochengetwa simba, nekuti panguva mitosis kwetunhu zvinovaka muviri ipfupi. Duration postsynthetic kumwedzi zviri pasi, yemanyorero chete kunotora maawa mashoma.

kusecha

Panguva muchitokisi kutenderera sero unofanira kuenda kuburikidza rudzi breakpoints - inokosha "chiratidzo", pashure pacho kunoita mumwe mudariro. Kana kuti zvimwe chikonzero masero kugona kupfuura munhu panzvimbo dzose kwamira sero kutenderera, uye inotevera kutotanga haangazorori kutanga kusvikira nguva yakadaro kusvikira zvinopedzwa dambudziko aidzivisa apfuure panzvimbo.

Pane zvina huru, zvakawanda zvacho panguva inowanikwa. Wokutanga kuzvidzora pfungwa muchitokisi uchipfuura presynthetic kutotanga, kana zviri node DNA cheki. Kana zvinhu zvose zvakarurama, zvino rinotanga chakaita zvokugadzirwa nguva. It kuyananiswa pfungwa - ndiko kuongorora rakarurama DNA kuberekana. Washington mu postsynthetic chokutambudzika - ndiko kuti aone kuti kukuvara kana dzakasiyiwa maviri yapfuura pfungwa. In danho uyu achiongorora zvakadini kuberekana kwakaitika uye masero. Musapfuura bvunzo iyi havabvumirwi mitosis.

Matambudziko interphase

Nokuvhiringidzirwa muchitokisi kutenderera kungaita kwete chete kuti kukundikana mitosis, asiwo kuti paumbwe anomera chikukutu. Uyezve, zviri mumwe mukuru zvikonzero chiitiko chavo. Zvisinei kuti chingava pfupi, avhareji panguva imwe Pasika, izvozvo anosarudza anobudirira okuguma nekutambira nzendo uye kusavapo matambudziko. Bundu masero vane kuchinja muchitokisi kutenderera panzvimbo.

Somuenzaniso, muchitokisi pamwe dzaparadzwa DNA usage hakuitiki munguva interphase. Pane kunotouraya kuti kunoguma nokurasikirwa kana kuchinja kwemajini ari p53 mapuroteni. In masero hakuna blockage muchitokisi kutenderera uye mitosis kunotanga mangwanani. Mugumisiro zvikanganiso zvakadaro zvava vazhinji masero mutant, zvakawanda zvacho zvisiri zvimwe. Zvisinei, avo kuti ishande, kukonzera masero nyanyisa, izvo zvinogona kuganhura nokukurumidza nokuda rutapudzo kana kusavapo chehupenyu zororo. Zvinoitwa interphase kuti dzisakuvadza nyanyisa mapundu rinoumbwa masero mutant vanokwanisa kugoverana nokukurumidza zvakadaro.

Nguva yose interphase

Heino mienzaniso mishomanana zvikuru sei muupenyu sero anotora interphase nguva, zvichienzaniswa mitosis. Mune epithelium duku ura kuti mbeva vanhuwo "zororo kutotanga" Zvinotora maawa anenge gumi, uye iye mitosis kunotora maminitsi 30 kusvikira paawa. Masero vanoumba kuti musana horsebean yakakamurwa maawa 25 ose, uye M danho (mitosis) kunotora inenge awa.

Chii interphase nechitokisi basa? Iyi yakaoma, pasina izvozvo zvaizova zvisingabviri kwete chete mitosis, asiwo foni basa rose.