Blood dhonesheni: zvakanakira uye pokukuvadza. Kupi uye sei kuti vape ropa

Wemupiro ropa uye yenhengo dzayo - ndiko bedzi chokuzvidira ropa mari munhu uyewo siyana zvokuita, izvo nechinangwa kuunza kuchengeteka uye zvokuvakisa sangano kuti zvinhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tsika iyi ave achishingaira akarishandisa muhondo. Kuti mashoko sei kuti vape ropa pamusoro wemupiro, zvinokuchengetedzai kana kwete, uchadzidza kubva zvinhu inopiwa nyaya.

Chii kubva?

Blood dhonesheni anowanika zvinenge zvose munyika. Rakundwa zvinangwa dzidzo uye tsvakurudzo, nokuti kugadzirwa mishonga uye kurapwa namano. Clinical kushandiswa zvinhu zvakadaro uye yenhengo dzayo chokuita chero kuisira murwere nokuda kuchirapa zvinangwa uyewo kusika inventories kuti kungadiwa mu zvashata nyaya.

Madii kushandisa Sevamiririri?

Pasinei nokufambira mberi mune zvemichina uye zvinowanikwa nesayenzi ropa kuzozvidzorerwa hakuiti rirasikirwe kwayo. Namarudzi chakaita zvokugadzirwa Sevamiririri chepfu, vane zvakawanda nemishonga, kunyanya zvinodhura uye usingagoni bereka zvose mashandiro anoita mashoko zvachose mumuviri. Panyaya iyi, anyatsoronga ropa kunokosha aitambura mukukuvara siyana uye anopisira panguva pakuvhiya yakaoma, uyewo rinorema basa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti inventories ane zvinhu zvakadaro zvinokosha neta neta kenza varwere hemophilia uye mishonga. Maererano nenhamba, ose mugari chetatu redu kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwavo vaida ropa. Hatigoni vanokanganwa kuti nyika yedu husisipo zvinogadzirwa neropa uye yenhengo dzayo (mumhuri production). Ndokusaka kwakasarudzwa kuvhura yeUnited chirongwa "basa Ropa", izvo zvinoda vagari yeRussia kuti nonremunerated.

Emblem munyika dzakasiyana

Blood dhonesheni pamusoro mapandi zvinenge zvose kunyika zvenyika. Uyezve, vamwe vavo kunyange vane runoenzanirana Logo. Saka, muna Nordic munyika akashandisa mufananidzo nehukurwizi chete samadonhwe eropa. Bird, achibvambura chipfuva chacho zvokudya kako, inomirira rudo rwokuzvipira. Vanyori vechiKristu kazhinji tichienzanisa mhuka iyi pamwe naJesu Kristu, uyo akabayira pachake ruponeso kuvanhu vose.

Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa zuva

Blood mupiro mupiro riri tingasarudza. Zvisinei, nokuti nzira yakadaro kudana zvose. Handizvo kare kwakasarudzwa kuzivisa June 14 sezvo World Day wacho anyatsoronga. zuva rino anosarudzwa uye yakasimbiswa masangano matatu vari nyasha vakasununguka uye nokuzvidira ropa kuzozvidzorerwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira International Federation of Red Cross Society, International Society of Blood Transfusion uye International Federation Weropa anopiwa Organizations.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Russian National anopiwa Day rinopembererwa musi 20 April.

mhando dhonesheni

Blood dhonesheni, izvo zvinobatsira uye pokukuvadza kare rizivikanwe zvose, kunosanganisira ropa zvakabudiswa. Zvisinei, mashoko acho kubva imwe munhu anogona kubatwa zvinangwa zvakasiyana. Funga Mhando Zvipo zvizere.

Autodonorstvo. preform ichi asati murwere pachake ropa hwakazotevera vakaronga kuvhiyiwa. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, kuti kuisirwa wokumwe zvinhu zviri kunetseka kuti chero nhengo. Asi shandisa yako Inokutendera kurerutsa chero nemishonga.

The wemupiro ropa rose. Akadaro fenzi zvinhu kunosanganisira unozotevera resuspension ari zvisaora mhinduro, apo ropa kwoita zvinoriumba kupatsanurwa kana dzakadururwa.

Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa plasmapheresis. ropa ichi dhonesheni kunoitika manually kana kwaita. In Chinyorwa plasmapheresis zvinhu anoendeswa munhu chena bhegi chaiyo. Uyezve, zviri centrifuged, kwoita yeplasma uye ndokurongedza masero matsvuku eropa (kushandisa plazmoekstraktora), dzakatsigira zvapedzisira iri akadzokera anyatsoronga. Bhuku achiparadzira ropa yakawandisa ndanyarara hangu zvakakwana sesaline.

otomatiki With plasmapheresis munhu zvakabatana kuti separator. Ropa panguva muitiro wakadaro rakundwa zvakazara. Uyezve, zviri kwoita yeplasma uye kuumbwa okunze, ipapo wekutanga akadzokera anyatsoronga. It kuitwa nenzira yakafanana uye kuchenesa ropa.

Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa trombotsitaferez. zvakabudiswa kwakadaro rinoitwa kushandisa chaiyo midziyo. platelet gobvu asunungurwa kubva ropa anyatsoronga. Sokuziva, zviri kudiwa panguva mishonga kenza Varwere uye dzimwe zvarakasiya, ayo achiperekedzwa thrombocytopenia. platelet billet ane nani kudhura. Ndokusaka mari neropa koka vanhu vaya chete kakawanda vakapfuura mashoko nenzira iyi. Zvechokwadi, muchiitiko ichi, nyanzvi mune chivimbo chakazara muna chokwadi kuti havana zvirwere transmissible.

Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa granulotsitaferez (kana leykotsitaferez). Varwere zvakakomba kutapuriranwa yematambudziko vari kudiwa granulocytes, ndiyo mhando ropa masero machena. The nzira akafanana chokuendesa fenzi maplatelet. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti granulocyte Kuwedzerwa kazhinji kuitwa kwemaawa anoverengeka pashure zvakabudiswa kubva anyatsoronga.

Kuzozvidzorerwa masoja plasma. Blood dhonesheni kuti mari seizvi kunosanganisira majekiseni anodzivirira kwevanhu njodzi kunototiomesera rwarisa mumiririri. Plasma iyo hereinafter inotorwa kubva anyatsoronga yakadaro, rine antibodies kuti causative mumiriri, uye zvinogona kushandiswa nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi medicaments. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mashoko uchidururwa varwere zvamuremadza kwaro wakachena chimiro somunhu chezvinonhuwira munhu polyvalent kurapa kana prophylaxis.

Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa eritrotsitaferez. Ndokurongedza masero matsvuku vakawana nenzira iyi zvinokosha varwere kupererwa neropa uye nedzimwe abnormalities, ayo achiperekedzwa vasanyanye ropa inotungamirwa uye vakaderera hemoglobin. Hand fenzi kwakafanana plasmapheresis. Musiyano chete ndechokuti kana muviri anyatsoronga eritrotsitafereze kunze RBC akadzokera zvose vasara zvinoumba ropa. Ndokusaka kuti kukwira vhoriyamu ayo haachatyi kunoda pakatanga sesaline.

Basic zvinodiwa, kodzero uye nokubatira nomupi

How kuti vape ropa pamusoro wemupiro, anoziva anenge munhu wose. Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva zvinodiwa dzinoshanda vanhu vakadaro.

vaipa ropa kunogona chete kuva anokwanisa munhu anenge kuenzana makore 18. Munhu akadaro anofanira kuva mugari wenyika Russian Federation kana vanogara mundima yayo (pamutemo) kwete asingasviki 1 gore. Anenge apa wacho anoderedzerwa inofanira nokuzvidira kuratidza chido kuva mumwe, kuti atakure yokurapa kuongororwa, yakaratidza hapana contraindications nokuda chokuendesa mashoko.

Pamberi chero ropa kuzozvidzorerwa munhu anofanira:

• kupa pasipoti kana zvimwe ani Gwaro;
• rakagara kuongorora wezvokurapa;
• kupa mashoko ose pamusoro zvirwere, nokuti kuonana zvirwere varwere, pamusoro kushandisa zvinodhaka marwadzo uye psychotropic zvinhu, kugara munzvimbo paiva mungozi chinowanikwazve kana kuparadzira dzakawanda (gobvu zvirwere), basa zvine ngozi kushanda mamiriro, uye uye chero majekiseni uye kuvhiya, izvo zvaiitwa mugore inozviitira rizowedzerwa ropa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu ropa kuzozvidzorerwa?

Pavanhu ano kwakakurumbira chaizvo kwete chete kukurukura chisingapembedzwi emashoko, asi ropa kuzozvidzorerwa mari. Zvisinei, chero zvazvingava, pamberi nzira yakadaro munhu anofanira uvhure account, zadza panze remibvunzo, uyewo rakagara kuongorora zvokurapa. Saka, munhu wacho anopa zvinofanira kupa ropa Chizenga pamwero ongororo (zvakatorwa kubva nomunwe), ipapo vanoshanyira Transfusiologist. Vose mabasa izvi zviitike zvakananga anyatsoronga muchikamu uye nguva-pakuzadza.

vanofanira kuwana reanalysis pakukurukura ropa rose ose mwedzi mitanhatu vanozvipira. Kana munhu hakumo munzvimbo, izvozvo kumorwa ropa inobviswa. Pamusoro chokuendesa mashoko kunopfuura katatu mukati 1 gore anyatsoronga kunodiwa kuita ECG pamwe kududzira, chipfuva X-ray, kupa munhu weti uye bvunzo ropa, uyewo kuti rubatsiro kubva ane zvirwere izvo achasimbisa kusavapo kuonana zvinotapuriranwa varwere uye varwere vane hepatitis. The naka pabonde ndiongororwe imwe gayinakorojisiti.

Blood dhonesheni: zvikomborero uye pokukuvadza

Nemazvo, noruzhowa zvinhu hazvizombofi kukuvadza kuna nomupi uye kunyange inomubatsira. Kuchengetedza munhu upenyu, akazvipira, itai zvakanaka kwete chete kune mumwe munhu, asi iye pachake. Izvi inoratidzwa sezvinotevera:

• Kana fenzi acho ari kushanda ropa inotungamirwa anotanga yekudyidzana kusashanda, zvichiguma kuzvidzora kuvandudzwa ropa. Kwete pasina chikonzero muMiddle Ages inowanzoshandiswa kurapa zvimwe ropa abnormalities.
• Kubatsira ropa kuzozvidzorerwa ichiri pakuti somugumisiro nzira dzakadaro muvanhu yekudyidzana waburuswa ari chirwatata uye chiropa. Pashure pezvose, chikamu mashandiro avo nyasha Kuraswa masero matsvuku akafa ropa.
• Muviri womunhu anotanga yekudyidzana kuva kutapata kunyange chiduku ropa.
• Blood zvakabudiswa - rudzi kudzivirira zvirwere zvomudumbu ezvinhu, kumwoyo, uye zvichingodaro.

Mari anogona kukuvadza?

Nei vamwe vanhu vaiona ngozi pachavo chiitiko chakadai, sezvo ropa kuzozvidzorerwa? Damage kubva izvi ndivakanganwire kutora nzvimbo, asi chete kana akanga akatakurwa kunze zvakanaka. Zvisinei, mabhengi ropa dzinoshandisa chete nenyanzvi, izvo haabatanidzi mumwe mukana wakadaro.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chirwere yokuzvipira panguva ropa kuzozvidzorerwa ungangova, sezvo:

• jekiseni nzvimbo iri disinfected doro kana chaiyo mhinduro;
• ropa zvakabudiswa rinoitwa kushandisa nyika itsva, izvo decompressed kubudikidza anyatsoronga zvakananga;
• kana yaakasarudza chero zvayo zvinoumba nomumwe ropa vakasara dzakadururwa shure kuburikidza chete hurongwa; apo rokuzvipira anogona kuona zviri nyore kuti chete mashoko ari kuwanikwa mugaba.

Kunyange zvakadaro pane zvataurwa, mukana wokutapukirwa anoramba. Zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kuitika chete zvakananga ropa. Kunyange zvakadaro chiyero vari chete chaiyo zviitiko apo pane kuita zvose zvakafanira regadziriro matanho hapana mamiriro kana nguva.

Contraindications kuti dhonesheni

Zvichienderana kuvhiya uye zvirwere, munhu haagoni kubvumirwa kuti vape ropa (zvachose kana kwechinguva).

Kwenguva pfupi contraindications zvinosanganisira nzeve kuboora, nyora, kunobaisa, zvimwe zvirwere (chakasimba kufema chirwere, SARS), pokuvhiyiwa, kusanganisira pamuviri, lactation uye pamuviri. Kuti vape ropa kuti mari, pane nyaya dzakadaro, vanomirira 3 kana kupfuura mwedzi.

By chenguva sezvo contraindications zvinosanganisira kuvapo AIDS, nemavhairasi chiropa, akawana kana vachiberekwa njovhera, mutakuri neHIV, eczema, generalized psoriasis, zvachose upofu, zvachose kusavapo kutaura uye kunzwa, kupindwa muropa, kenza, udhakwa, kuvhiya pamusoro nokuisazve kana resection chipi nhengo uye munyama.

mazano kune vaipa

Pamberi chokuendesa pakarepo ropa vaipa hakuna akakurudzira kuti:

• kunwa doro pe2 mazuva;
• dhoneta ropa usina chawadya (mangwanani, zviri zvinodiwa kudya carbohydrate, asi pasi-mafuta chisvusvuro);
• manheru kudya zara mafuta, Spicy zvakakangwa, aisvuta, mafuta, nomukaka zvinhu uye mazai;
• kuputa asingasviki 1 awa risati nzira;
• kutora mushonga "asipurini" uye analgesics, uyewo medicaments chero ane wavo (nokuti asati nzira maawa 72);
• dhoneta ropa kana uchinzwa kurwara, nomusoro, chills, dzungu, kana simba.

Zvichitevera nzira, nomupi haafaniri rinonetesa muviri. Mukati 2 Mazuva pashure chokuendesa ropa kunodiwa kuti zvakazara kudya nokunwa kanenge 2 litres pazuva emura (tii, muto, mvura). Kudzorera kumanikidzwa, akazvipira apere zvigadzirwa akadai kofi, chocolate uye hematogen.

kurambidzwa vaipa

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, ropa mari inoenda chinokosha kurasikirwa mvura mumuviri womunhu, uye kuti vasanyanye kuitiswa. Panyaya iyi, pachinhu anyatsoronga zvavakatemerwa zvinotevera kurambidzwa:

• Vamiririri akasimba pabonde vanobvumirwa vape ropa rose kusvika 5 pagore, apo vakadzi - anopfuura 4 nguva mumwedzi 12.
• Under kuitika mitemo munyika kutora ropa rose kuva anopfuura 1 nguva muna 2 months.
• Akadzokorora chokuendesa yeplasma rinoitwa chete pashure pemazuva 14.
• Pashure muunganidzwa ropa rose anobvumirwa vape yeplasma chete mwedzi mumwe.
• Havabvumirwi vape ropa kuti mari mushure pakusarara usiku.
• The anozvipira haafaniri kuyera makirogiramu asingasviki 45. Muviri tembiricha pamberi chokuendesa ropa anofanira haapfuuri 37 ° C uye kufurirwa - kubva 80 kusvika 160 mm HG. Art. uye kubvira 70 kusvika 100 mm HG. Art. azvaitwa. The kupomba zvazvingava kubva anyatsoronga anofanira kumativi 55-100 anorova paminiti.
• The naka pabonde haigoni kupa ropa rose panguva yekutevera kana mazuva manomwe asati chiitiko chavo, uyewo pesvondo pashure. Uyezve, vakadzi vanorambidzwa kuva vaipa panguva lactation uye pamuviri.

To muchidimbu

Where kuti vape kuti mupiro ropa? Kana usina chero contraindications kuti kutora mashoko ako, unofanira kutaura pedyo anyatsoronga pfungwa. Kazhinji, vane zvinowanikwa muguta dzose Russian Federation.