Basa rinokosha reRussia uye nhoroondo yavo

Vanenge vachigara vari mumumvuri, asi vari kuita basa rakakura. Uye kubva mubasa iri zvakananga zvichienderana nekuguma kwehurumende. Basa rinokosha reRussia isimbi yedare, pamwe nehofisi yehupisheni, dare, mauto, kuratidza mutemo wehurumende yavo uye kuita maererano nezvinodiwa nehurumende iyi. Saka zvaive nguva dzose uye zvachose mune zvose zvese.

Nhoroondo yemabasa anokosha anoenda, zvichida, mumazana emakore emakore, munguva iyo apo Russia yakashandira vasori pachavo. Zvadaro nhengo dzokutanga dzokutsva dzakaonekwa, mauto ehondo. Nenzira, chiratidzo chezvi nhengo idzi chaiva bat. Mishumo yaishandiswa zvakasimba pakuita zvisarudzo pamusoro pekurwisana nevavakidzani nevakuru vekare veRussia, nekuda kwehondo dzekukunda.
Zvepamutemo, masangano anokosha eRussia akanyorwa pasi pekutonga kwaTsar Alexis muna 1649. Achifunga nezvokuchengeteka, akatanga kurondedzera vanyori kuti vashumire muhofisi yake yega. Muna 1654g. Yakatumidzwa kuti Secret Secret, iyo mahofisi aiva nemasimba akasiyana. Mushure mekufa kwemambo kwakaparadzaniswa, nyaya dzacho dzakatamirwa kuhurumende yemutungamiri. Mutemo uyu wakanga uchitungamirirwa chete neTsar, wakatevera mabasa evoivode, mamishinari, masangano ehurumende, akabatanidzwa mukuchenjera uye zvematongerwo enyika. Basa rinokosha reRussia rakanga richiri simba, asi matanho ekutanga ehurumende mukuvandudzika kwawo akaitwa.

Nekuvandudzwa kwaPeter I kwaiva nemapurisa anogara aripo, neHurumende yeZvenyika (mukugadzirisa kwekuti mapurisa ese akazoguma), uye kutanga kwezana remakore rechi20. Mapurisa akaparadzaniswa kuva gendarmerie, dunhu, guta uye kushanda-tsvaga.
Zvirongwa zvacho zvakanga zviri muguta guru uye maguta makuru uye, zvakare, akaparadzaniswa kuva parishi, apo mapurisa aishumira. Munharaunda maiva nemisasa, pamwe nevabatsiri. Munharaunda, mabasa echipurisa akatakurwa nevarindi vomumusha. Muna 1903. Nechinangwa chekusimbisa mapurisa ehurumende, varindi vemapurisa vakagadzirwa, vachitungamirirwa nebhiza nemapurisa.

Dhipatimendi rekuchengeteka pamwe chete nehofisi mahofisi akatakura basa rekushanda-kutsvaga.
Gendarmerie yaiva yakasimba kwazvo. Vatori vezvirwere (vakazvimirira, vakasikwa muna 1827) vaiva nesangano remauto mune zvose (kurwisana, hupfumi, hutungamiri) uye vakananga zvakananga kuMusangano Wemauto, uye muna 1880 yaiva chikamu cheMutariri Wemukati.

Kufambira mberi kusvika kumazana zana nemakumi mapfumbamwe. Mushure megore raOctober Revolution, Russia inoda kuva neruzivo pamusoro pemuvengi uye zvirongwa zvake zvakavanzika kuitira kuchengetedza zvido zvavo.
Zvakasarudzwa kuti zvigadzirise basa rekuzvimiririra reCheka - OGPU, nemakamuri eChekist nemasangano euto, pamwe nekwanisi yekuzvigadzirisa zvigadziriro zvekugamuchira uye kubata mabasa ekugadzirisa, asi chinangwa chikuru chaiva kurwisana ne-counter-revolutionary movement. Zvadaro mabasa anokosha eRussia akachinja mazita avo kakawanda. 1920g. - Cheka pa NKVD ye RSFSR.

1941, February - mumasimba masangano zvakarezve kugadzirisa: yeN NKVD yakakamurwa kuvaVanhu veMitambo. Mumwe wavo - nhau dzomukati, wechipiri - nyika. Chengetedzo. Russia mabasa anokosha ari kuzviita kuzvimirira.

1941, July - NKGB uye NKVD yakabatanidzwa mune imwe chete, inokosha NKVD.

1943 - State Counterintelligence Service "Smersh" yakasikwa uye inoenda pasi pekutonga kweVanhu veKumisheni.

Pashure pehondo, imwezvezve kugadzirisa inoitika.
1946, March - yakagadzirwa neU.SR MGB, basa rayo - intelligence uye counterintelligence. Zvose mukati memunyika, uye kunze, kumativi ose enyika.

1954, March - kusikwa kwemuviri mutsva - KGB (uchenjeri, njere), iyo yakanga iripo kusati kwasvika kweUSSR.

1991. - imwezve kugadziridza. IKGB yakakamurwa kuita mabasa akasiyana: kurindira kumiganhu, kuchengetedzwa kwehurumende, hurumende yekukurukurirana, counterintelligence, kubvuma.

Gore risati raperazve, USSR inopinda Interpol. Uye munaSeptember 1993, Russia, semumiriri wepamutemo, inhengo yeI ICPO-Interpol.
Kwemwedzi inoverengeka, NCB inowedzera ruzivo, inoiongorora uye inoita mabasa anokosha eRussia, achiripo.