Aripiko wakarebesa chitima munyika

Wachi munjanji kwenyika kumhanyira njanji nezvitima. Statisticians kunge akaverenga kuti ose gore rose vari zvifambiswe vanhu vanenge mabhiriyoni 20 uye vanopfuura 10 000 000 000 000 matani nhumbi. Kana iwe wedzera vose refu daro nzendo pagore, mari ichava akaenzana mamiriyoni 66 nokumukirana yakapoteredza Pasi. Asi kwete kuti ndicho zvose zvakapembererwa kuti vanokwanisa michina uye pfungwa dzevanhu. Kana pamusoro matatu njanji urefu kunosanganisira United States, China uye Russia, nokuti kukunda ari nomination "wakarebesa chitima munyika" kurwa uye dzimwe nyika.

Vatsigiri Africa uye China

Kuedza kuunganidza rinorema basa uye yakakura mitoro chitima yakaitwa muna 1991 mu South Africa. By vakawanda locomotives 660 zvakabatanidzwa ngoro, daro kubva musoro nomuswe njanji nezvitima vaida kuti chokufambisa resimbi esimbi aiva 7,2? Km. Zvinonzi hofori akaita chete run rimwe, pashure raakatorwa abviswa.

Anoshanda nesimba Chinese vanhu havana kudzinga kufara zvezvinotaurwa, gutsikanai zvimwe mwero migumisiro. Asi pamusoro mumigwagwa hweKudenga Empire, uye nhasi handicho wakarebesa chitima kubva 210 mota ine zvachose urefu ine michina 3 makiromita uye inokwana 20 000 matani. Mwari akaronga kuti chitima kuti kutakurwa marasha uye zvokuvakisa.

The makwikwi pakati US uye Russia

MuUnited States kupfuura chitima anoonekwa kuva chikamu kureba 5.6 km vaiva ne Union Pacific. Zvisinei, zvakanga chete ungano experimental akasikwa 2010 nechinangwa kuedza simba locomotives matsva. Train, ita imwe ndege kubva Dallas kuna Long Beach, akakurumidza rakakamurwa akawanda nhengo.

Asi muSoviet Union muna 80s mumigwagwa Kuzbass akatama mitoro chitima pamwe 439 motokari, rinokwana 43,5 thous. Matani marasha. Kureba ichi njanji colossus aiva 6,5 makiromita, izvo yekudyidzana kwakaderedza mwero kufamba tichienzanisa kwakajairika nezvitima.

Australian hofori

Green kondinendi zvakare unozvikudza rimwe wakarebesa rinopfungaira Nehunde munyika, iyo iri vaiva ne kambani Rio Tinto mugodhi. The chitima kushandiswa kutakura simbi mhangura, apo sandwiching matani 29.500 kuti zvinhu. Kuunza huru chinhu sangano shure ngoro ane zvachose kureba 2.4? Km muropa matatu locomotive simba, iyo inotunga maumbirwo pamberi pake.

Chimwe chinyorwa ndezvaiye Australian kambani BHP Billiton, uyewo kushandisa migodhi. Pano vakavhura chitima kubva 365 ngoro, kureba 3.2 makiromita, achikwanisa kutakura rwendo chete kusvika 44 500 matani nhumbi. Kuenda hofori nzvimbo, zvinotora matanhatu navasere locomotives. Zvisinei, ichi hachisi wakarebesa chitima munyika.

Rafa kubva Mauritania

Musoro "chakarebesa mitoro chitima" yakakodzera ndezvevanhu nezvitima kufamba monorail iri Republic of Mauritania, riri kuWest Africa. Part of nzira urefu 700? Km ichipfuura nacho Sahara murenje. Kubva pokutangira yemapurisa kuti chitima kunoita 21 awa magumo pfungwa.

The Kureba motokari mazana maviri, locomotives nemauto mana, kusvikira 2.5? Km. Dzimwe murwiyo muropa mumwe 10 motokari, saka kuwedzera kureba kwayo nokuda 300 metres. The chitima chinoshandiswa kutakura marasha uye mafuta matangi. Panewo ngoro kuti vanhu. Asi vanhu vemo havadi kubhadhara yokufamba, kunyanya anoenda chinhu midziyo zirokwazvo vakasununguka uye haambozvipikisi mitemo nyika.

Sverhvmestitelnye anodzidzisa nokuti iyi kufamba

The chakarebesa mutakurwi chitima zvinosanganisira 70 ngoro, kureba 1,6 km muridzi ne National Railway Company wokuBelgium. The chitima akaita chete ndege pakati pamaguta rinonzi Ghent uye Ostend, vakashaya zvishoma kupfuura matanhatu makiromita. Yaiva imwe-kure rudo chiitiko, vose mari iyo akaenda Research Institute Foundation, pakubata nezvinetso oncology. Nhoroondo chakagadzwa 1991, rinotaura pamusoro kujairika rwendo chitima kutepfenyura vachiramba vachirarama zveBelgium paterevhizheni.

The chakarebesa mutakurwi chitima kushanda nhasi, anonzi The Ghan, vachirondedzera maguta anoverengeka Australian. Yemanyorero 16─26 akapindwa muropa kuti motokari locomotive, asi dzimwe nguva yaipedzerwa kunogona kusvika zvidimbu, izvo anowedzera Kureba chitima kusvika 1,2 makiromita 99. Zirume iyi anopedzera nzira mazuva anopfuura maviri, kureba nzira - vanenge 3000? km.

A kukunda duku yakahwina uye Russian "Sapsan", kukunaya nenzira Moscow ─ Petersburg. Muna 2014 nayo akayera kureba mapatya tsapo 20 mota. Mufananidzo 500,2 M akabvumira "Sapsan" yakagamuchira nomination "wakarebesa chitima munyika mukuru-nokukurumidza rinopfungaira unganidza."

Mutungamiriri Mhedziso pakati kunokudzwa navo

Most kubudirira zvikuru mumunda njanji chokufambisa ndezvaMwari Australia. Kuchera kambani BHP muna 2001 yakatanga wakarebesa chitima munyika, unobva Yandi yangu muguta Port Hedland kumadokero chikamu kondinendi Green. Zvinoumba pamwe 682 motokari ndichisveerera kuti 7,3 makiromita pokugara vanenge mamiriyoni 181 mapaundi esimbi esimbi.

Total uremu vakaremedzwa hofori zvasvika matani 99,734. Akurudzirwa kwayo Pamigwagwa 275 km locomotives sere General Electric AC6000CW inokwana 6000 litres. a. mumwe nomumwe.

Nhasi, rekodhi iyi haisi kurohwa ne munhu. Asi zviri ingangodaro munguva yemberi iri pedyo kumwe zastuchat mavhiri pamusoro njanji zvitsva super-nezvitima munyika.