Argon - chinokosha che periodic hurongwa

Tose tinoziva kuti argon rinoshandiswa kuti Welding dissimilar nesimbi, asi kwete vose vakafunga, kuti ndiwo mushonga maatomu akafanana. Asi nhoroondo yaro akapfuma zviitiko. Tellingly, argon - chinhu chaizvo chiitiko periodic table, usina analogues. The musayendisiti pachake vakashamisika nguva sei aizombokwanisa pano.

Muchadenga rine anenge 0,9% negasi ichi. Kufanana senitrogen, hazvina kwazvakarerekera uye odorless. Kuti tirarame, haana kukodzera, asi rinongova irreplaceable mune dzimwe nzvimbo basa nevanhu.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Wakatanga akawana wokuEngland uye yefizikisi nokurovedza G. Cavendish, uyo akaona kuvapo mumhepo pamusoro chinhu chitsva, inova husingakwanisi nemakemikari kurwisa. Zvinosuruvarisa Cavendish haana kuziva hunhu gasi itsva. A zvishoma kupfuura makore zana gare gare, zviri akacherechedza uye mumwe musayendisiti - John William Strutt. Akauya kuna pakugumisa kuti senitrogen kubva mumhepo pane admixture negasi pamusoro vasingazivikanwi mavambo, asi argon kana chimwewo chinhu, haaigona asi kunzwisisa.

Kana gasi asingadi sei pamwe simbi dzakasiyana-siyana, kuiisa chlorine, acids, alkalis. Kureva, kubva makemikari nemaonero vakatakura inert hunhu. Chimwezve Ndakashamiswa aiva kuwanikwa - itsva gasi Morekuru kunosanganisira chimwe chete atomu. Uye panguva iyoyo, gasi akafanana yakafanana achiri kuzivikanwa.

Kukurukurirana kuruzhinji pamusoro gasi itsva zvakaguma yakavhundutsa masayendisiti akawanda kubva pasi pose - sezvo zvaigoneka akuregerere gasi mutsva mumhepo nevakawanda kutsvakurudza uye kuedza?! Asi zvakawanikwa kutenda masayendisiti zvose, kusanganisira Mendeleev. Maererano mabhomba guru gasi itsva (39.9), inofanira siyana pakati potassium (39.1) uye calcium yakawanda (40.1), asi nzvimbo yakanga kare kubatikana.

Sezvambotaurwa, argon - gasi pamwe mupfumi uye mumwe Detective nyaya. Nokuti dzimwe nguva yava kukanganwika, asi gasi itsva pamutemo mushure kuwanikwa nehelium. Kwakasarudzwa yokubva siyanei razero chinzvimbo nokuti, riri pakati halogens uye alkali simbi.

ehupfumi

Zvimwewo magasi inert kuti inopiwa zvakaoma boka, argon anoonekwa nyore. uremu Its akapfuudza kurema dzedenga muna 1.38 nguva. The mvura gasi unobuda ari tembiricha kuti -185,9 ° C, uye panguva -189,4 ° C uye zvakajairika kumanikidzwa ichioma.

Of nehelium uye neon, argon, inozivikanwa mukuti anogona mudutu mvura - pa 20 madhigirii imwe mari 3,3 Rine mamiririta por zana magiramu emura. Asi vakawanda Organic dambudziko negasi urwa nani. Migumisiro Magetsi kunokonzera kuti dziratidze, zvokuti vakava zvikuru kushandiswa okuvimba michina.

Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vakaona mumwe unobatsira pfuma, iyo ine argon. nzvimbo mhando iyi apo chirimwa inofara, izvo zvave nokuongorora. Saka, apo mumhepo, mbeu mupunga, chibage, wemagaka uye rye vakapa zvinomera dzavo. Mune imwe nharaunda umo 98% ndiyo argon uye 2% - nokuti okisijeni, zvakanaka nhungirwa kwakadaro miriwo zvirimwa zvakadai makarotsi, lettuce, nehanyanisi.

Chii kunyanya yo zviri gasi iri pasi goko iri yakakura zvikuru kupfuura mamwe masangano ari boka raro. Its anofungidzirwa kugutsikana - 0,04 g pa pub. Ndicho 14 nguva uwandu nehelium uye 57 nguva - neon. With Panyaya zvakasikwa zvakatipoteredza, ipapo kunyange zvakawanda, kunyanya mune zvakasiyana nyeredzi uye nebulae. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, mune imwe argon nzvimbo nenzvimbo kupfuura kuiisa chlorine, phosphorus, calcium potassium, izvo zvakazara munyika.

Kuwana gasi

The argon sepombi yatiri kazhinji kusangana, chinhu hariperi rine. Uyezve, mune chero nyaya akadzokera mumhepo nokuti kuti kana uchishandisa hazvichinji ari panyama kana makemikari mazwi. Kunze zvingava nyaya kudyiwa shomanana argon isotopes iri kugadzirwa isotopes itsva uye zvinhu muupenyu zvenyukireya siyana.

In indasitiri, gasi zvinoberekwa kuparadzana kupinda okisijeni uye senitrogen ndiyo mhepo. The zvichiguma gasi anozvarwa ari byproduct. Nokuti ichi chinangwa chinokosha maindasitiri midziyo maviri kaviri rectification mbiru yakakwirira uye pasi kumanikidzwa uye zvenguva condenser-evaporator. Uyezve, tsvina amoniya kugadzirwa zvinogona kushandiswa pave argon.

zvoupenyu chikumbiro

Makuriro Akaita argon ane nzvimbo dzinoverengeka:

• chikafu indasitiri;
• simbi;
• tsvakurudza uye kuedza;
• nomoto;
• Electronics;
• ari Automotive indasitiri.

Uyu kwazvakarerekera gasi mukati yemagetsi lapochek kuti DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA ari kwemvura ine tungsten coils mukati. Nokuda pfuma iyi zvikuru kushandiswa pachishandiswa ichi gasi nomoto muchina. Argon anogonesa rakavimbika kubatana nhengo aruminiyamu uye duralumin.

Kwakapararira vakagamuchira gasi kuumba wokudzivirira uye inert mhepo. Kazhinji zvakakosha kuti kupisa dambudziko nesimbi, izvo nyore pasi oxidation. The crystals kukura zvakanaka munzvimbo argon mhepo kuwana semiconductor Kufananidzira kana Ultra-rakaisvonaka zvinhu.

Zvakanakira nekuipira pokushandisa argon ari nomoto

Nezveshoko Welding argon anopa abatsirike. Chokutanga, chicherwa zvikamu panguva nomoto hakusi kupisa. Izvi haambotauri deformation. Nokuti dzimwe zvakwakanakira dzinosanganisira:

• kudzivirirwa yakavimbika of weld;
• mwero argon nomoto riri kumusoro zvikuru;
• muitiro zviri nyore kudzora;
• nomoto inogona michini kana zvakazara kutendeukira otomatiki rudzi;
• zvinogoneka kuti sangana zvikamu simbi dzakasiyana.

Panguva iyoyowo, argon nomoto uye kunosanganisira dzinoverengeka payakaipira:

• nomoto kunoitika ultraviolet nemwaranzi;
• nokuti mukuru uno chinhu chakakombama zvakakodzera yepamusoro kutonhora;
• basa rakaoma pakachena mhepo kana drafts.

Kunyange zvakadaro, kuvapo mikana yakawanda saka zvakaoma kurerutsa kukosha argon nomoto.

matanho okudzivirira

Kana kushandisa argon vanofanira kungwarira. Kunyange gasi chepfu, asi anogona kukonzera kubitirwa nokutsiva okisijeni kana liquefying nayo. Saka zvinokosha zvikuru kuti kudzora uwandu O ₂ mumhepo (kanenge 19%) achishandisa anokosha mano, Chinyorwa kana zvokuzvisarudzira.

Kushanda mura gasi kunoda renyevero kunyanyisa sezvo argon tembiricha yakaderera kunogona kukonzera chakakomba frostbite ganda uye kukuvara Ziso goko. Zvakakosha kushandisa magogorosi uye overalls. Persons vanoda kuita basa pasi argon mhepo, vanofanira kupfeka masiki kana zvimwe insulating okisijeni namano.