Alexander Alyabyev: pfupi Biography, mapikicha Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha

The muvambi Russian dzorudo, zvinoshamisa munyori Alexander Alyabyev inotangwa mumhanzi pushkinianu, Russian paku mukamuri mumhanzi, aiva harbinger aizova nebudiriro chikoro emarudzi sezvamunoita zhinji. Zvinonzi zvakanakisisa kuzivikanwa Vocal mabasa, uyo nhasi ndiyo inonyanya unodikamwa uye kakawanda anoitwa kunyange mumhuri mudenderedzwa moods vachadaro. Somuenzaniso, "The Nightingale," "Winter Road", "Evening mabhero" uye vazhinji, vamwe vakawanda.

Biography

Aleksandra Alyabeva kubva pauduku ajaira mumhanzi. Pane uchapupu hwokuti akatora piyano zvidzidzo kubva yakakurumbira D. Field. Zvisinei, kutanga basa rake iye vakazvipira kwaari, uye akanga ari Piano "Grand Polonaise" - Russia yokutanga chaiyo konzati basa Genre ichi.

Alexander Alyabyev akaberekerwa Tobolsk, ari gavhuna mhuri, zvakamupa mukana wokugamuchira dzidzo yakanaka. Iye akarwa Napoleon muzvipiri yokuzviparadzanisa muna nyanduri yakakurumbira Denis Davydov, akakuvadzwa zvakakomba uye paakavapa Medals kuti ushingi uye ushingi. Uye pashure pehondo Aleksandr Alyabev, munyori, akazvipira zvachose mimhanzi.

Chikuru yokutandarira iri aifarira chaizvo uye akaramba akaita zvishomanana kubva operas ake, navarongo comedies, uye kazhinji rwakaimbwa nziyo. Embellished Biography Aleksandra Alyabeva vanhu zvinoshamisa: aiva shamwari yepedyo zvikuru Griboyedov, Shakhovskoi, Decembrists Bestuzhev Mukhanov. Paaibuda uye akakurukura urongwa Concerts Verstovsky uye nehama Vilegorskimi. Ndakagara muMoscow - chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo upenyu. Kunyange "Triumph of afungisisa anoti" pamukova ari Bolshoi Theater yakanyorwa anorenda pamwe Alyabiev Verstovsky uye Scholz.

Pakanga pasina zviratidzo

Munyika, zvava kuzivikanwa mumhanzi anoumbwa Alexander Alyabyev. Photo haana asi kurarama, asi Portraits kunyora rake rizivikanwe namazuva iwayo vemifananidzo - munyori akanga akakurumbira. Nziyo dzake uye vaiimba St. Petersburg uye Moscow, uye mumaguta kure zvikuru. Panguva Bolshoi Theater vaiva ake dhanzi "Village muzivi", "Moonlight", iri kutamba "The Mashiripiti Drum".

Zvisinei, muna 1825, akauraya mumwe wake ari kadhi mutambo. Kungoerekana. Uye Alyabyev asungwa. Kuuraya nokuchengeta harina zvakaratidza. Kunyange zvakadaro, munyori anobviswa vezvinzvimbo zvose, zvirevo uye kwamachinda. Uye anoreva kudzokera Tobolsk. Mune rimwe Siberian guta kure chaizvo chando, uko kamwe akapedza ake vafare pauduku. In mufananidzo pazasi zvinoratidza mumwe munyori uye Lyricist zvakanakisisa kumabasa Alyabiev - Nikolai Ogarev.

Tobolsk uye Caucasus

Alexander Alyabyev saka ndagumburwa nekunyengera kubatwa ichi kuti mumhanzi chete aigona kuchengeta kubva wokupedzisira danho. Pano vava kwaya anoshamisa rakarongwa, izvozvo anoita somunhu Pianist, inoshanyirwa Concerts siyana. Uye anonyora mumhanzi, kwakasiyana chaizvo kubva yaimbovapo, risina makore. Pane kuoneka nziyo dzake zvakanakisisa: "Winter Road", "Irtysh", "Vaviri zizi". Asi huta kuvhunduka dambiro: Biography Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha somunhu wenyika, famba mumba chero imba, yakapera. Munyori achirwara zvakakomba.

Makore manomwe gare gare, muna 1832, akanga abvumirwa kuti kusiya kuSiberia uye Caucasus kufamba kurapwa. Pane zvakanyorwa kumabasa ake, akabudisa muunganidzwa vanoda "Caucasian muimbi". Long pamberi chikuru muteresi kuti ngano M. I. Glinki ndiye Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich anonyora nziyo kuvaRungu, Kirghiz, Bashkirs, uye huchienderana pezvakaitwa vachishandisa mubasa rake. Chikamu pamwe Maksimovich mubhuku "Vagara nziyo Ukrainian" ndiko saka kwazvo N. V. Gogolyu. Kuno mufananidzo - Tenzi kabhini, apo mabasa mazhinji Alyabiev akaita kokutanga, shamwari munyori, yakakurumbira Alexander Griboyedov.

dzokera

"Chisarai" Alyabiev zvishoma kwazvo: muna 1835 akatenderwa kugara nehama napanzvimbo ane kurambidzwa yokushanyira misoro muna 1843 chaiwo kurarama muMoscow, asi pasi kugara mapurisa nokuongororwa. Izvi zvinoreva: havaoni vateereri, haasi bato kana dzimwe Concerts kana munhandare. Naizvozvo akapedza upenyu hwake uye basa, nziyo soulful kwakadaro kunoshamisa vehurumende kugutsikana se "Mupemhi", "Village womutariri", "kabhini". Uye zvakanakisisa, ndinofanira kutaura, akabvunza nokuda veruzhinji saka kure, asi zvinenge zvose mabasa ake akatanga zvedzidzo bhuku kumwedzi.

Hapana kana mumwe wevanyori kumabasa Russian rokutanga vakanga vasina atora nzvimbo yakakwirira zvakadaro iri Russian mumhanzi sezvo Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Brief Biography uye ndainakidzwa-siyana zviitiko zvoupenyu hwake zvakaoma. Iye akaita zvinenge zvose marimba Genres, asi nzvimbo yake mubereko kwave Vocal mashoko. nziyo anopfuura 180 uye ballads rakanyorwa Alexander Alyabyev. Munyori ane Biography sokuti izvi hazvina zvinosanganisirei basa rakaoma hellish mupfungwa kurwadziwa. Iye akanyora nziyo, zvichiri nokurova, akadai "Nightingale" riri nhetembo Delvig kana "Mupemhi" riri Beranger nhetembo. Alexander Pushkin, anofananidzirwa ari mufananidzo pazasi, aiva muvambi anopfuura makumi maviri nhetembo yakanakisisa nziyo Alyabiev.

zvisikwa

Kumabasa Alexander Alyabyev akanyora ndima zvakanakisisa vadetembi ake kufarira mutungamiri Davydov, Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky, Kozlov, Koltsov, Lermontov. Nziyo makumi maviri akanyorwa mundima Aleksandra Pushkina, uye gumi vavo - upenyu kunyange nyanduri wacho. Pamugumo hwake kupfuura mamwe nhetembo yakafuridzirwa Ogarev.

Ndakanyora Alyabyev uye zvikuru symphonic mumhanzi chamber uye richishanda: Symphony muna E zviduku zvakanaka chaizvo, Kushungurudzwa Overture muna F Minor, vanoverengeka konzati overtures, Concerts zvakawanda Solo zviridzwa uye kwaya, siyana kutamba Inn. Kusvikira zvino, vakawanda mukamuri ensembles Alyabiev akadzidza muzvikoro mumhanzi uye conservatories, uyewo nenzwi rimwe konzati unongotaura. In mufananidzo pazasi hunorondedzera zvinofadza zvikuru vanhu nguva Alyabiev - Decembrist Alexander Bestuzhev-vazoedemz, munyori itsva iri iyo dhanzi mumhanzi Alyabiev chakagadzwa, uye nziyo pamusoro nhetembo Bestuzhev-vazoedemz, naiyewo akanyora.

Theater, ngano, mumhanzi dzvene

Nhaka Alyabiev Theater - kuratidzwa mimhanzi zvikuru zvose anozivikanwa panguva Genres: ndicho dhanzi, uye kutamba, uye vanopfuura makumi marimba comedies dzisiri akasiyana zvikuru kubva operas, pane cantata, uye mumhanzi nokuda Mitambo yenhoroondo dzemitambo, uye pakati pavo - uye mutambo uye nhamo, uye mutambo. Pakazosvika Moscow kuratidzwa kwe Pushkin kuti "Mermaid" kuna Shakespeare kuti "The Tempest" uye "Madzimai Merry pamusoro Windsor" ndiyewo mumhanzi rakanyorwa munyori Alyabyev.

Akaronga, zvokuronga, kunyora uye akabudisa vakawanda chevarwere nziyo compilations - Russian, Ukrainian, wechiTatar, Central Asian, Caucasian. Vanodarika zana mabasa kugutsikana pakunamata vaibva peni yake, pakati pavo - akakurumbira yokunamata.

nhaka Fate

Sezvo kazhinji hazviitiki pamwe akanakisisa vemifananidzo vasina nguva yokuita basa kuzvibereko, kana vanoona pachavo nokuzvininipisa creators "netlenki" Alyabiev nhaka zviri zvikuru vakachengetedzwa. Of mabasa 450 (iri ballpark mufananidzo), ruzhinji - vachiri yokuverenga, izvo mumakore hafu remakore, achipinda nyore akarasika. Vakawanda mabasa ake dzakabudiswa, asi zvimwe zvisina kunaka kukanganwika. Uye mumhanzi wakanaka uye yaigona kuita pachavo uye Munyori posthumous mukurumbira, uye akaitwa chete Hits, akadai "The Nightingale" riri Delvig nhetembo.

Makore sezvo vakawanda mashanu pashure pokufa wenziyo uye basa rake, uye ake Biography haana ndavhiyiwa chero zvakakomba rusaruro. Asi vose vari vazhinji kudaro kunobatanidza! Sei uye vakadaro vaida nuances zhinji Hazvichaiti zvinogoneka kudzoka kubva muguruva nguva! Kusvikira 1825 zita anodhinda Alyabiev rinenge haana kuenda, asi pashure - chete zvisingawanzoitiki, chaizvoizvo chimwe uongororwe nziyo. Hunokanganisa Biography ake, vakazadzwa yakakanganiswa kana kukwana data, saka vana vanenge varasikirwa zita rakanaka uye basa guru wenziyo uye mimhanzi nhamba.

Rutsungiriro uye nenheyo

Kunyange Kupomerwa zvisingatsungiririki zvenhema havana kuputsa mweya musiki. Handiti, zvakafanana chido nokuda rusununguko, kusurukirwa chido, tsitsi uye kutambura, ndichishuva kururamisira, kureva, ndiye akagadzirwa zvifananidzo chinoratidza okugadzira zvinhu, tinogona muzviite rokupedzisira ake nguva.

Alexander Alyabyev Munyori sezvo matarenda sezvo vari kufara, ndakawana mamwe nyaradzo kubva musangano nomukadzi pamberi, uyo akapfeka musikana zita guru Rimsky-Korsakov. Mumwe yakanakisisa nziyo alyabevskoy Pushkiniana rakanyorwa - "Ndakakudai." Mukadzi uyu, Ye Ofrosimova kana chirikadzi, akazova mudzimai munyori.

Nikolay Ogarov Bestuzhev-vazoedemz

Alyabyev wenziyo uye nyanduri Ogarev akava pedyo zvikuru forties remakore rapfuura. Alyabiev yakanakisisa nziyo - "kabhini", "Tavern", "murindi Village" - vakasikwa nhetembo Ogarev. Long kusati kwatombova rokutsvaka uye Dargomyzhsky Mussorgsky rokunyika kumabasa zvakawanzwa dingindira evanhu kusaruramisira. Mudetembi pamwe munyori akanga zvakawanda zvakafanana: kusungwa uye nhapwa, vanenge. Kunyange zvazvo Alyabyev akatsungirira zvose izvi zvisina kururama uye sokunge netsaona, uye Ogarev aiva wepachokwadi innovator uye konstitutsionistom, yaakanga nokupomerwa nemurairo. Ogarev uye sydäntä, "bhero", England - wose anoziva uye anoyeuka.

Okupedzisira matatu dhanzi Alyabiev zvakare kuridza nezvekumwe inopandukira mwoyo, ndizvo Shakespeare "The Tempest" uye "Edwin Oscar" iri mumagwaro vekare ngano koltskih. Asi sezvarinokodzera rinokosha rokuti dhanzi "Ammalat Bey" pamusoro yokufungidzira naAlexander Bestuzhev-vazoedemz uye dzorudo pachedu nhetembo dzake "kuCaucasus vakadirana vachienda makore." Akaurayiwa kuCaucasus muna 1837-m, uye kurasikirwa uku kutopera akarova Alyabiev: yakanga kare akaponda vatatu ake chaanofarira vadetembi. Asi - Alexander Pushkin, Griboyedov, Bestuzhev-vazoedemz. Decembrist mweya vanopandukira haana kwadzikira mu munyori wacho mabasa.

Return ndangariro

Tanga kuuraya zviri kare kujeka mabasa Aleksandra Alyabeva wakaitwa muchirimo 1947. Ipapo konzati yakarongwa kuMoscow Philharmonic, izvo aibudisa anopfuura zana makore zvakakwana yokukanganwa "Variations kuti Violin uye Orchestra", "The Wechitatu String Quartet" uye vaviri orchestral overtures. Kubudirira rakanga rakakura! Kukurudzira kamuri mumhanzi munyori yaita musicians zvakadai huru sezvo Gilels, Oistrakh, uye mapoka - ainzi Sveshnikov Choir, State Beethoven Quartet.

Kubvira 1949, dzakabudiswa mabasa havasati dzakabudiswa Alyabiev, sezvinei anoratidza nzvimbo bofu muna Biography yake. Kunzwisisa kukuru basa raakaita munhau yeRussia zvekuimba unyanzvi. The dzinonakidza zvikuru ndechokuti muna yamabhuku siyana kuramba kuwana mabasa ake USINGAZIKAMWI. Sezvo rwendo mberi kwayo refu uye jogirafi avo zvakadzama, kunogona kuitika uye zvakawanda zvakawanwa zano rakadaro.