Akatakura anthropometry - nayo ... Anthropometry: templates kuti kukireshi

anthropometry nzira - iri, kupfuura zvose, kuva kuyera mabasa kuona zvaidiwa kuti kukura munhu pasi dzemunharaunda imwe nzira utano noupenyu, Kuwanikwa yakakwana muviri chaiko. Anthropometric nzira yakavakirwa zvikurukuru nokuda nechitarisiko morphological uye quantitative zviratidzo. Zvisinei, pane imwe nhamba yezvidzidzo zvainanga Pakusarudza parameters ari zvomukati uye muviri nehurongwa unongotaura.

Sei mufambiro anthropometry kunodiwa?

Kukoshesa vamwe, isu nei vanhu vari kudaro vakasiyana mumwe musi dzinoverengeka nechitarisiko parameters. Chikonzero maitiro kusiyana nhema kwete chete muna nemagene achimupa asiwo vanofunga zvenyika, nzira mafungiro uye maitiro.

Human Kuvapo kunosanganisira sequential urongwa panguva kuibvisa, akura uye kuchembera. Development uye kukura vari kungoreva zvaanoda, kufanana pezvakaitwa.

anthropometry nzira - ndiko kunobatsira kuona zvaidiwa nevamwe tsika parameters wakananga imwe pemakore kwevanhu kumwedzi. Kubva musi uyu, chinangwa chikuru nzira nhema kuona zvinhu zvose mwana uye vakura pabonde akura munhu.

Zvinhu anthropometric Zvidzidzo

Kuramba tichiwana metabolic pezvakaitwa mumuviri, simba kutendeuka kuri kuva kutituma kunokanganisa kugadzira zvinhu. Sezvo nzira anthropometry chinoratidza mwero kuchinja madenderedzwa, muviri uremu uye dzimwe parameters mune dzimwe nguva inotungamirwa dzevanhu hadzisi zvakafanana. Zvisinei, izvi zvinogona kuonekwa zvakajeka pasina kushandisa kwesainzi. Zvakakwana kuyeuka pachake pre-kuchikoro, uye vechiduku vakura.

Zviratidzi kurema muviri, urefu, kuwedzera Vhoriyamu zvimwe zvikamu muviri kukura vari chikamu chepurogiramu akateya pasi mumwe nomumwe wedu kubva pakuberekwa. In pamberi Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu kuti kukura ane muviri, parameters izvi zvose vanochinjwa mune imwe kutevedzana. Zvisinei, pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa mitemo kutevedzana, asi kutungamirira kusingarapiki rokuchinja kunaka hunhu. Zvinofanira pachena:

1. External zvinhu - social ezvinhu chokuvapo, kukodzera intrauterine kukura, kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, kutadza kushanda uye zororo, kuvapo tsika dzakaipa, kwezvakatipoteredza zvinhu.
2. Internal zvikonzero - kuvapo kwezvirwere zvakakomba, akaipa nhaka.

Kunyatsogona anthropometric zveBhaibheri

Hwaro nzira anthropometry - dzakaunganidzwa kwesainzi pamusoro nokuyerwa pakati parameters womunhu, iyo yakatanga kare pakati remakore rapfuura, apo masayendisiti vanofarira mitemo munhu variability pakati anthropometric zviratidzo.

Tichitarisa anthropometric data, akadai Kureba muviri uye maoko nemakumbo, kunyanya kukura, uremu kuchinja, transformations circumferential nhengo dzomuviri, pane mukana wokuti kutarisana nokukoshesa tsika dzevanhu kwomuviri.

Akatakura anthropometry kunoita kuti pfungwa mukuru pamusoro ari kwomuviri. Kwakadaro inofananidza vakawana panguva aurayiwe huru miganhu akawanda:

• muviri pakureba;
• muviri uremu;
• bhokisi girth.

Terms of anthropometry

anthropometry nzira - kuyerwa kunobva pakushandisa mitemo, yakasimbiswa nekuyera zvigadziriswe. Pano, kupfuura inowanzoshandiswa kuyera tepi, zvikero, kureba meter, dynamometer, etc.

ongororo Anthropometric vari raiwanzoitwa usina chawadya mangwanani. Panyaya iyi, nyaya dzinofanira vakapfeka nguo chiedza neshangu. To anthropometric kupima akanga pedyo sezvinobvira chokwadi, zvinoda kungwarira nekuyera pokuita mitemo.

Kuongororwa kuita pakati zvakafanira kwomuviri chaiwo mirayiro - zvinokosha hwaakange anthropometry. Research template kunobatsira kuziva zvinokonzera njodzi, zviratidzo zvemamiriro pakukura uye kuvapo zvimwe zvirwere. Naizvozvo, yakarurama tinyatsonzwisisa anthropometric nemigumisiro kungawedzera pakagadzwa zvivabatsire kuti tiine utano hwakanaka uye kukura utano.

Pasi riri template kuti anthropometry kukireshi:

The template iri pakazara pamwe mashoko ari mumwe musungwa umwe boka kukireshi. Heano vakurukuri FI mwana ruzivo pamusoro boka utano, mashoko pamusoro kureba uye kurema mwaka wacho.

Kuyerwa muviri urefu

The inonyanya nzira ndiyo anthropometry vana. It rinoitwa pasi Kuwanikwa yose kunzwisisa zvishandiso. Kuyerwa kukura parameters akamiswa. Nokuti ichi unyanzvi Stadiometer anoshanda. Nyaya mudziyo anoiswa pamusoro nzvimbo pamwe musana wake tambo anomira inongoitika akarurama chinzvimbo. Kuti mwana musoro pasina kunyanyisa kudzvanya rikashandiswa chinjikira yemasiraidhi nemizariro, nzvimbo iyo unoenderana yakananga gradation pamusoro tambo pamwero.

Zvinokosha kuti anthropometry vana Kwaiitirwa mangwanani, nekuti zuva rava kurereka kukura kwevanhu Paavhareji kuderedzwa anenge 1-2 masendimita. At pamudzi chinoshamisa kuvapo dzinongoitika kuneta, ungaderedza tsandanyama mataurire Unit, vakaisa mucherechedzo cartilaginous vertebrae, uyewo flattening norutsoka somugumisiro mitoro panguva vachifamba.

Pakuurayiwa kureba muviri kunooneka inoverengeka masero okutodza, zera uye munhui kusiyana, mamiriro utano. Urefu anogona vose kusangana kwemunhu zera uye akasiyana yekudyidzana kubva zvinogamuchirika dzemunharaunda. Saka, imwe kukwana Kureba muviri zvichienderana zvimwe mapuranga anonzi dwarfism zera, uye mavara nekumwisa kukura - gigantism.

vakawanda chipimo

Anthropometry vana uye vakuru vane uremu chipimo rinoitwa pachishandiswa chaiyo uriri pachikero. Kana yakatsauka kubva nhamba chaidzo havasi anopfuura 50 kuyera uremu bvumidzwa kukanganisa anoonekwa kuva

Ichienzaniswa aine muviri urefu, uremu zviratidzo chaizvo kusagadzikana uye dzinosiyana nokuda-siyana zvinokonzera. Somuenzaniso, kusiyana uremu paavhareji munhu zuva anenge 1-1.5 makirogiramu.

Anthropometric Kutsunga somatotype kwevanhu

Kune vakaparadzana somatotypes, iyo anobata tsanangudzo anthropometry. Templates nokuti kukireshi, zvokutanga uye yakakwirira zvikoro, uyewo vaya vakakura zera govera mezosomatichesky, nemaziso uye macroscopic somatotypes. The basa munhu mumwe akati somatotypes kwakaita inobva chitsama pakafunuka tsika kuti uremu kuyerwa, muviri urefu uye sekamufarenzi pechipfuva.

Somatotype kazhinji anosarudza kuti anthropometry kukireshi. Yakanga iri tanga kukura, unogona kuwana chakavimbika kupfuura zvabuda, izvo dzinoenderana zvinoitwa imwe mhando muviri mamiriro. Saka, kana uwandu anosvika 10 pfungwa maererano pamusoro parameters muviri wemwana nemamiriro rinoreva nemaziso mhando. Huwandu 11 kusvika 15 pfungwa rinoratidza mezosomaticheskom mamiriro. Saizvozvowo,-soro mamakisi 16 kusvika 21 inoratidza muviri mhando makrosomaticheskom mwana wacho chivako.

Pakusarudza ukuru kuwirirana

Dudzirai zvidzidzo anthropometric kunoenderana kukura kwemwana muviri sezvamunoita yakavakirwa zvinogona chete kuitwa kana kurema musiyano zviratidzo, chipfuva sekamufarenzi uye muviri urefu hazvirevi pfuura kubatana. Kana avhareji musiyano pakati indices idzi mbiri kana kupfuura, umo nyaya muviri wemwana anonzi disharmonious kukura.

Chidobi pamusoro anthropometric zveBhaibheri

Pari richishandiswa zvikuru nyore kwenzira nawo akaita anthropometry. Templates kuti kukireshi uye chikuru masangano edzidzo vachikubvumira kukurumidza kuita zvidzidzo kuti zvibereko nokukanganisa shoma.

Kazhinji anthropometric kudzidza maumbirwo mwana achiitiswa vanamukoti. Zvisinei, sezvakaita vamwe tsvakurudzo nzira, mufambiro anthropometry kunoda zvimwe zvinhu zviri akasangana, kuvapo iyo, pamwe unyanzvi kunovimbisa kururama uye kururama kwemashoko nemigumisiro.

Huru mamiriro ezvinhu zvazviri yakarurama anthropometry:

• ongororo maererano yunifomu nzira nokuda zvidzidzo zvose;
• kuuraya yakayerwa mabasa mumwe munhu nokushandisa chete hwokugadzira vakaisvoipa;
• kuitisa tsvakurudzo panguva iyoyo nokuda zvidzidzo zvose, somuenzaniso, mangwanani usina chawadya;
• pamusoro akaongorora anofanira kuva zvishoma nguvo (kazhinji vakabvumira chiedza bhurukwa kana donje nguo).

Somugumisiro,

Zvidzidzo Anthropometric muri zvikuru kukosha, kunyanya apo kuongorora vana, nekuti vanobvumira nguva kuziva mwana mifananidzo pakukura maererano nechokwadi zera uye mumuviri zvinodiwa. Uyezve, migumisiro anthropometric ongororo kupa pfungwa kwete chete pamusoro chakaipa kukura kwomuviri parameters, asiwo inogona kutiudza pamusoro kutanga zvimwe zvirwere.

Munguva anthropometric tsvakurudzo kunokosha Haazombokanganwi pamusoro yose sezvakaita zvinokosheswa parameters muviri. kwaiwanzoitwa kusvikira ichangopfuura, kunyatsoongorora mwana utano pahwaro zvaidiwa kukura uye body mass tabular zvinodiwa. Zvisinei, izvozvo nzira isiriyo mudzi. Zvikurukuru, boka zvinhu zvinoratidzwa unopinza kuchinja uremu muviri, akadai muviri mhando, nhodzera, etc .. Ndokusaka hazvina zvakakodzera kuti kusarudza kugumisa pamusoro mamiriro utano kwakavakirwa anthropometry, nekuti chete kusimbisa dzinokosha nemiedzo dziripo zvekungofungira, zvainanga kuona zvariri chirwere.