Adaptive-trophic shanda

Mumwe nechepakati tsinga, autonomic rinonzi, une zvakawanda zvikamu. Mumwe wavo ari tsitsi tsinga. Functional uye morphological maitiro kubvumira izvozvo muzvikamu akawanda. Chimwe autonomic Department NS - the parasympathetic tsinga. Munyaya ino, tinofunga kuti munhu trophic basa rakadaro.

About CNS

Muupenyu dzavamwe vapenyu muviri iri zvachose dzinokosha mashandiro anoitwa tsinga. Saka, ndiko kukosha kwazvo. Tsinga pacharo zvikuru kunzwisisa uye kunosanganisira madhipatimendi siyana, ane subspecies dzakawanda. Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoita dzinoverengeka dzakananga zvinhu yo nerimwe madhipatimendi. An dzinonakidza ndechokuti pfungwa iyoyo aimunzwira tsitsi tsinga yakatanga kushandiswa 1732. Pakutanga, izwi iri raishandiswa kunan'anura yose autonomic tsinga yose. Zvisinei, pamwe kukura mushonga uye kuunganidza ruzivo yesayenzi, zvakava pachena kuti tsitsi tsinga hwakazara navanopinda rukoko mabasa. Ndokusaka pfungwa rakatanga kushandiswa chete pamusoro mumwe mapoka autonomic tsinga. Trophic kushanda tsinga zvichakurukurwa pazasi.

tsitsi NS

Kana ukagara dzakananga tsika, zvinova pachena kuti tsitsi tsinga kunoratidzwa anonakidza kuchiitwa - zviri kukonzera mokuwana kudya kwacho mumuviri uye mobilizes mauto ayo nechomukati ari chiitiko njodzi ikaitika. Kana zvava kudikanwa, aimunzwira tsitsi hurongwa kwazvo kunowedzera kutambisa simba zvedu muviri yakaramba chakaipa inoshanda uye kuita mamwe mabasa. Pakadaro, kana paine kutaura nezvokuti womunhu muviri inovanza features, zvinonzwisiswa muitiro. Chinoitika munhu anoenderana sei tsitsi hurongwa kutsungirira mabasa avo.

The parasympathetic NA

Zvisinei, izvi mamiriro kukonzera kunetseka zvikuru kuti muviri, uye haagoni kushanda kwenguva refu ari mamiriro ichi munyika dzose nzira. Pano zvikuru ndiye parasympathetic hurongwa, iyo panodiwa uye anobvumira kuti vatangezve uye nokuponesa pfuma muviri, izvo zvinozoita ambotirega haana padzinogumira kuita. The tsitsi uye parasympathetic huta nehurongwa kubvumira muviri womunhu kuramba zvakajairika basa ezvinhu akasiyana. Ndivo chokuita uye dzinopindirana nomumwe. Asi zvinorevei trophic kushanda National Assembly? On ichi akazotevera.

anatomical mudziyo

Tsitsi NA ane nani yakaoma uye mapazi marongerwo. chinokosha Its iri muna musana uye peripheral tsinga rinobatanidza nodes siyana uye tsinga dzomuviri. All etsinga harinzwi ari tsitsi mamiriro chokuita kuti plexus uye kusimbiswa innervated munyama.

The peripheral Chikamu hurongwa chakaumbwa zvakasiyana inoshanda efferent Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu rine zvakananga kwendangariro. pezvakaitwa ava kure kubva musana uye dziri kunyanya paravertebral uye prespinal nodes.

Zvaiitwa tsitsi hurongwa

Yakati kuti activation kuti tsitsi kwava neVadzidzi muviri zvinokangaidza. Vamwe mabhuku vanouti reactive tsitsi tsinga. Zita iri chokuita yokuti inosanganisira chidzoke zvimwe pavakanzwa matambudziko kubva kunze. Ndizvo kwayo trophic ushande.

Kana ukasangana zvinhu zvinoshungurudza, asi adrenal mumasero secrete adrenaline kutanga pakarepo. Ndiye fuma huru unobvumira munhu kupindura nani uye dzichimhanya norudaviro kushushikana. Mamiriro ezvinhu anogona kuitika panguva yechiitwa. adrenaline zvinoita nyore kurarama nawo. Adrenaline runogonesa Zvakaitwa tsitsi hurongwa, uye, akavapindurawo, inopa pfuma nokuda kwakawedzera simba rakawanda. Pacharo secretion kuti adrenaline haisi simba bhuku, asi zvinoita kuti dzishande dzevanhu nadzo uye nepfungwa.

The chikuru basa

The chikuru kushanda tsitsi NA ndiye adaptive-trophic ushande.

Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere.

Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu zvakakwana nguva refu kuti kugutsikana kuti chete somatic tsinga chendangariro murau pamusoro webasa skeletal tsandanyama mhando. Kudavira Izvi dzakazungunuka kusvikira mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20.

Anozivikanwa chokwadi kuti pashure mazhinji kushandiswa tsandanyama kuneta kunoitika. Simba sunga zvishoma wasvava, uye vanogona kurega zvachose. The kunyatsoshanda tsandanyama kunoita kuwanazve shure pfupi zororo. Kwenguva refu zvikonzero Fani iyi vasingazivikanwi.

Muna 1927, Orbeli L. A. empirically akawana zvinotevera: kana Tab kuunza datya kuti wakakwana kumira kufamba, kureva, kusvikira kuneta nokuda kwenguva refu uchinzwa gwenya tsinga, uye ipapo, pasina kumbomira injini dzishande, tanga zvaivapowo kutsvinyira etsinga uye tsitsi gadziriro, basa richaendwa nokukurumidza kudzorerwa. Zvakaratidza, kubatana zvainoita tsitsi hurongwa anochinja tsandanyama functionality kuti kuneta. Kunoitika kubvisa kuneta nokudzosa utano hwake. Ndiyo trophic mashandiro masero etsinga.

Mugumisiro mhasuro fibers

Masayendisiti akawana kuti utano hwake ari tsitsi ezvinhu ane simba rokuchinja pamusoro tsandanyama fibers, kunyanya avo kukwanisa kuitisa zvemagetsi kutira uyewo padanho excitability kuti injini etsinga. Pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu tsitsi innervation munhu kuchinja murwiyo uye uwandu makemikari zviri tsandanyama uye inoita basa rinokosha mune Implementation zvinhu zvayo. yeimwe kwakadaro zvinosanganisira lactic acid, glycogen, creatine phosphate. Maererano nemashoko aya yava zvinoita kuti tigumise kuti tsitsi hurongwa kunomutsa panowanikwa vamwe kuchinja kwomuviri namakemikari mune skeletal tsandanyama, ane ndangariro zvainoita nehanya kuti tsandanyama kusvikira hwava injini nomunhu kuti vauye pedyo fibers ari somatic hurongwa. Kuti tsitsi hurongwa zvinoenderana kuti tsandanyama rinenge kuita mitoro anogona kuitika mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana. Vaifunga kuti basa vakaneta tsandanyama kunosimudzirwa pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu tsitsi etsinga kushanda yakawedzera ropa riyerere. Zvisinei, kuedza izvi havana yasimbiswa maonero ichi. Iri ndiro trophic kushanda dzouropi.

Kuburikidza anokosha Zvidzidzo zvakanzi vakawana kuti zvakananga tsitsi excitability mu vertebrate zvinenge kushayikwa. Saka, simba aimunzwira tsitsi unhu mhando mu skeletal tsandanyama chete kuburikidza diffusion murevereri kana zvimwe zvinhu zviri dzinounzwa zviteshi tsitsi vasomotor hurongwa. mhedziso iyi inogona yasimbiswa nyore nokuda nyore kuedza. Kana tsandanyama kuisa mune mhinduro kana perfuse naro mudziyo, uye zvadaro chitanga nezvainoita tsitsi etsinga, mushonga kana perfusate vakachengeta ane zvinowanikwa zvinosanganisira yezvakaita fuma. Kana izvi zvinhu zviri chakaunzwa dzimwe tsandanyama, vachaita kuti zvinokonzerwa tsitsi hunhu.

mumwe mashandiro kwakadaro kunewo rinotsigirwa hombe Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa nguva yaro chinokosha kureba pamberi mugumisiro. Nokuti chidzoke pamusoro adaptive-trophic nerevane hakurevi nguva refu ari nhengo iwayo, izvo rusununguko yakananga tsitsi kushatirwa, dzakadai mwoyo uye nezvimwe nhengo dzomukati.

kutsigira chokwadi

The zvinoratidza neurotrophic murau maererano tsitsi hurongwa, yakanga yaunganidzwa kuitisa zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro skeletal tsandanyama tishu. Research zvinosanganisira dzichipfekeka zadzisa, denervation, patsva, muchinjikwa-kubatana pakati tsinga zvine chokuita kuti rakasiyana-siyana tsandanyama fibers. Somugumisiro tsvakurudzo vakawana mhedziso kuti trophic nerevane ushande metabolic zvinhu zvinochengetedza zvinoitika tsandanyama marongerwo uye zvinopa inoda panguva aurayiwe dzakananga zvinorema. metabolic izvi pezvakaitwa kubatsira kudzorerwa zvakarurama zvinhu pashure basa tsandanyama akamira. Kushanda pezvakaitwa zvakadaro nokuda vanoverengeka zvipenyu pamutemo zvinhu. Pane uchapupu hwokuti nokuti kwaita trophic zviito vanofanira kutakura zvinodiwa zvinhu kubva muchitokisi muviri Executive muviri.

Inogona sechinoitika kazhinji vakaziva, uye kuti kukosha neurotransmitters havasi kuti kuita nedanho tichimhanya chinja. Naivowo zvazvinoita zvokurarama nazvo zviri kufara mubasa simba nerubatsiro munyama.

Somuenzaniso, catecholamines vanobatanidzwa munyaya iyi, sezvo Implementation ari trophic basa. In energosubstratov ropa pamwero kunowedzera, iyo inotungamira kuna nokukurumidza uye ndichibvunza simba pamusoro muviri pezvakaitwa.

mhedziso

Zvinozivikanwa kuti vasanonoka tsinga fibers uyewo kuratidza adaptive-trophic mugumisiro. Masayendisiti akawana kuti ari harinzwi ose kutsinga dzinouya fibers ane zvemarudzi ose neuroactive zvinhu zvakasikwa, zvakadai neuropeptides. Rakajairika R-neuropeptides, uyewo peptides kuti chokuita calcitonin Gene. peptides kwakadaro pashure kuparadzana kubva tsinga harinzwi anogona kuva pamusoro dzakapoteredza zvinyama trophic simba.