Zvenyukireya bhatiri uye nheyo dzayo oparesheni

Yokutanga runharembozha rakavambwa anopfuura mana apfuura. Science mberi, chokwadi. Uye vangadai vakafunga panguva makore makumi mana gare gare chiedza chinobuda renyukireya bhatiri kuti foni yako? Hongu, sainzi matanho kwete kusvetuka uye miganhu, asi achine zvinokosha Zvinhu munzvimbo dzakawanda, kunyanya munguva ichangopfuura. Uye munyaya ino uchanamatira nyaya yokushandisa zvenyukireya mabhatiri vemazuva namano.

kupinda

Zvino pawaitengesa smartphones - mumwe ndiyo nzvimbo Electronics. Nzvimbo iyi iri kukura dynamically, pasina kumbomira kweminiti. Zvinoita sokuti, chete vakaenda pasero ari iPhone 3G, uye pamusoro echiShinto ose Mobile zvitoro vanoshandisa kare iPhone 6 uye iPhone 6 Plus. Hatigoni kutaura kuti nzira chekambani mainjiniya zvave kufadza vanoshandisa azvino Hardware?

The chete zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro Android, uye Windows Phone. Makore mashoma apfuura, yose kirasi yechikoro vakaunganira rombo weNobel, aiva pafoni inobva Android uchishandisa hurongwa. Uye kana mumwe munhu akakwanisa pachake kuridza application apo kudzorwa chiito anogona kuva kuburikidza kutenderera chidzitiro (kunyanya kana mutambo akanga Mujaho muchikwata), iye chaizvoizvo chakapenya nomufaro.

Pari, ichi hazvishamisi. Kunyange pakutanga-graders zvino zvakachengeteka kushandisa foni kuti Apple pasina zvikuru nemufaro nekupembera, hapana pfungwa sei chaizvoizvo vakanga rombo. Kunyange zvakadaro, havana kungorega havazivi kuti kamwe aivapo nhare zvichishanda keypad uye musabata. Kuti dzeserura iwayo chete vaviri mitambo. Uye kuti kunyange nyoka panguva Nokia 1100 ane mbiri-ruvara chidzitiro vana chikonzero dzakadururwa nechido uye vairidza izvozvo anenge zuva rose.

Chokwadi, kana mutambo dzaiva pasi zvikuru unhu. Shandisa dzeserura akadaro aigona kuva mazuva mashoma, pasina kushandisa mamwe muripo. Zvino, mutambo indasitiri mumunda smartphones akasvika padanho unhu, uye izvi zvinoda kuva simba dzorunhare mabhatiri. Sei Unofunga anokwanisa kubata zvikuru ano, simba zvikuru maererano bhatiri upenyu smartphone?

Tinofanira bhatiri yenyukireya?

We ndinokuudzai kuti kunyange pusa kurishandisa (smarfton) angangotadza yakareba kupfuura 3 days. Sezvo simba manyuko mu smartphone ano anoshandisa lithium Ion bhatiri mhando. Zvishoma ishoma mienzaniso wakamhanyira polymer bhatiri. Kutaura zvazviri, foni izvi usamira basa refu chaizvo. Play navo apo is, mafirimu pamusoro pavo, unogona ngaaverenge nhamba maawa, izvo kazhinji asingadi pfuura gumi. Companies kugadzira zvakafanana mano kukwikwidza pamusoro fronts akawanda. Chinonyanya vachishingaira ndiyo kurwira wokutanga nzvimbo anotevera nzira:

- Screen saizi.

- Hardware michina uye unongotaura.

- Dimensions (zvakananga, kutamburira nokuda zvinoderedza ukobvu).

- Simba kuzvidzora ine simba.

Sezvo tinogona kuona, mubvunzo kana tichida bhatiri renyukireya kuti foni richakazaruka. Masayendisiti dzaona kuti mune ramangwana, foni achaiswa vakapakata mabhatiri kuti ushande musimboti wenyika maitiro zvenyukireya maatomu akafanana rinonzi "tritium". Panyaya iyi, foni kunogona kushanda pasina recharging kwemakore anosvika 20, maererano kuchinja kufungidzira. Chaizvo, handizvo here?

Sezvo pfungwa itsva pamusoro mabhomba bhatiri?

Pfungwa rakasikwa vakasiyana zvenyukireya reactors (tiri kutaura pamusoro zvenyukireya mabhatiri) akazviratidza pfungwa yakajeka kudaro kare. Zvave kuti kushandisa michina yakadaro nhengo hwokugadzira mano kubvumira kugadzirisa dambudziko kwete chete vanoda kugara recharging, asiwo nevamwe.

TASS: mabhomba bhatiri nemaoko enyu. Vanoti mainjiniya

Wokutanga kushanda nokugadzirwa, ivo mabhatiri kuti kushandira nemhaka renyukireya, zvichiita weboka mudzimba hanya pasi zita "Rosatom". Yaiva "Mining uye Chemical Combine." Mainjiniya akaudza kuti chokutanga simba nerubatsiro, riri papi somunhu bhatiri yenyukireya, zvinogona akasika kare 2017.

Nheyo kushanda achava siyana zvinoitika pamwe "nickel-63" isotope. More zvakananga, tiri kutaura pamusoro Beta nemwaranzi. Sezvineiwo, bhatiri inovakwa maererano nenheyo ichi, hazvina kugona kushanda hafu yezana remakore. Dimensions vari kwazvo, zviduku. Somuenzaniso, kana ukawana zvake penlight mabhatiri uye kumanikidzira nayo ka30, unogona kuona zvakajeka kuti saizi achava bhatiri yenyukireya.

Ko bhatiri yenyukireya ngozi?

Mainjiniya vari nechokwadi chokuti simba izvi zvinosimbisa kuti hakuna kuipa chero ngozi dzoutano hwevanhu. Chikonzero chivimbo ichi chaiva bhatiri kugadzirwa. Chokwadi, zvakananga Beta nemwaranzi isotope ndiyo chero zvakaipa mupenyu muviri. Asi kutanga, zvichava pakati accumulator "munyoro." Chechipiri, kunyange kuti mwaranzi asingadi kubuda, nekuti zvichaita nyura mukati nesimba kunobva.

Nokuda kuti zvenyukireya mabhatiri "Russia A123" kuchaita yekubata nemwaranzi mukati mavo, nokusarega nazvo, nyanzvi vava kuvaka inokosha nemaonero kushandiswa maatomu bhatiri muminda zvokurapa-siyana. Somuenzaniso, anogona chinozoiswa pamasikiro cardiac pacemakers. The vaizotibata kupfuura kutungamirira wechipiri nzvimbo indasitiri. Yetatu Chokwadi, ndiyo indasitiri. Kunze pamusoro matatu ndiyo zvakawanda mapazi, izvo zvinogona zvinobudirira kushandiswa renyukireya rine. Zvichida anokosha vavo - zvifambiso.

Zvazvakashatira simba renyukireya

Tinowanei nokuda bhatiri yenyukireya? Ndiko kuti, sezvatichaona, kana tikatarisa kubva mhiri? Chekutanga, kugadzirwa izvi rakazvimirira simba manyuko kuchaita arasikirwe rakanaka sendi. chaiwo rakawandisa Engineers asingadi kuzodana. Zvichida kutya kuti zvakaipa ndezvipi mangwanani. Zvisinei, imwe ine kufungidzira haisi nhamba rakapiwa, uye mumashoko. Ndiko kureva "zvose zvinodhura chaizvo." Zvakanaka, izvi zvikuru kuti kutarisirwa, chete bheji racho Crux yacho zvine musoro. About Serial Kugadzirwa pamusoro muindasitiri pamwero kutaura, zvichida zvakare mangwanani. Tinogona chete tariro kuti pamusoro nguva dzimwe ruzivo kuti uvhure mabhomba bhatiri pasina zvinopesana rakavimbika uye kushanda zvinowanikwa, asi vari isingadhuri zvikuru.

Zviya, TASS vanofungidzirwa 1 giremu of fuma muna 4000 madhora. Saka, kuti awane zvakakodzera kurema enyukireya zvinhu, izvo achapa kushandisa bhatiri kwenguva refu, yava zvakakodzera kupedza mamiriyoni 4,5 rubles. Dambudziko iri isotope. Zvakasikwa, zvinongokonzerwa hakuwaniki, kuumba isotope pachishandiswa anokosha reactors. In nyika yedu, ivo vatatu chete. Sezvambotaurwa, pakupedzisira zvingava kukwanisa kushandisa dzimwe zvinhu kuderedza mari simba kugadzirwa.

Tomsk. mabhomba bhatiri

Nokugadzirwa kwakaitwa maatomu bhatiri haagarimo mainjiniya nyanzvi uye vagadziri. Munguva ichangopfuura, mumwe mudzidzi ane Tomsk Polytechnic University, uyo akadzidza chikoro, akakudziridza muenzaniso mumwe bhatiri idzva kushanda pahwaro yenyukireya. Zita munhu uyu Dmitry Prokopiev. kukura Its anogona kushanda hwandaiva muoti 12. Panguva ino, hapana anofanira recharged kamwe.

maitiro akava musimboti radioactive isotope inonzi "tritium". With nounyanzvi izvozvo kunoita kuti vatumire simba akabudiswa munguva hafu-upenyu mugwara. Kana simba ichi ukasunungurwa muzvikamu. Tinogona kutaura, mune mishonga kana batch. Yeuka kuti hafu-upenyu renyukireya che Unorudzi makore 12. Ndokusaka kushandiswa mabhatiri mune chinhu ichi zvinokwanisika mukati yamunenge kumwedzi.

zvakanakira tritium

Tichienzanisa mabhomba bhatiri kuti ane nesilicon detector, kuti bhatiri renyukireya hunobva tritium haachinji zvachiri pamusoro nguva. Uye ichi ndicho kwayo chisingarambiki zvinobatsira, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa. We kuedzwe nokugadzirwa panguva Novosibirsk Institute of Physics Nuclear, uyewo muna Zvokunyama-Technical Institute of Tomsk University. Zvenyukireya bhatiri, nheyo iyo inobva renyukireya maitiro ane mumwe maonero. Kazhinji ichi ndicho mumunda Electronics. Pamwe chete vari muchiuto zvokushandisa, mushonga uye Aerospace. Izvi ndizvo zvatakaziva kare akati.

mhedziso

With ose kudhura okuwana mabhomba mabhatiri achava tariro zvatinoita kusangana navo pedyo dzeserura ramangwana. Zvino mashoko mashomanana pamusoro chinhu, ichazovapo hwaro bhatiri. Tritium, zvirokwazvo zvakasikwa - kwenyukireya. Zvisinei, kuti mwaranzi vasina simba maatomu akafanana. Zvakaipa utano hwevanhu, hahungangovi. Zvomukati uye ganda hakuiti kutambura kubva nounyanzvi. Ndokusaka akasarudzwa dzokushandisa mabhatiri.