The chikuru munzanga boka rinosanganisira mhuri. Mamwe chikuru evanhu mapoka: mukuru hunhu uye unhu

Social boka - yesangano nezvevanhu vane zvinovanetsa maitiro: zera, munhui, zvinofarirwa, munzanga, basa, chitendero, zvichingodaro. A zvakafanana akagadzirwa vanhu ane mhando mbiri: nesekondari. Kana kutaurirana pakati nhengo boka unhu rokutanga, ari wechipiri ivo neyebhizimisi, zvebhizimisi kana kure.

Ndechipi chikuru boka?

Muchidimbu, tinogona kugumisa kuti ichi muunganidzwa shamwari, kunyange voukama. The chikuru munzanga mapoka zvinosanganisira vanhu pakati iyo yakasimbiswa ukama, izvo kwakavakirwa munhu unhu nhengo dzose nokuwadzana. Uyezve, chikamu vemunharaunda iyi vanhu vari zvikuru vanofarira remabasa boka, vari pamusoro akamira yakaenzana zvinobatanidzwa zvavo zvokuita uye nenhaurirano. Fraternity duku kwakadaro: zvimwe kungava kuoma kuumba ukama hwepedyo pakati nhengo dzayo.

Vanhu vane nguva dzose vanofarira mubvunzo: kune chikuru munzanga boka rinosanganisira mhuri? Pindura shure muna 1909 akapa American wepfungwa Charles Horton Cooley: akatanga kwakamboitwa tsika pfungwa "evanhu boka" uye vakaashandisa kuhama. Maererano zvakawanwa musayendisiti, kwakabva mhuri iri mumiririri chaiwo munharaunda iyi, sezvo nokuridza hukuru uye kusarudza basa kuumba chimiro, tsika uye maitiro evana. Papera chikuru Mapoka vakatanga kudana uye zvimwe kushamwaridzana vemunyika.

Ndivanaani vari chikuru mapoka?

Munharaunda rokutanga umo mune mupfungwa ukama, pedyo uye kubatana. The yokupedzisira, sezvinei, haagoni chete kuva shoma azvipire muboka, asiwo munzanga. Primary boka anogona nyore kusiyaniswa nevamwe vagari 'shamwari. Ko kuri:

1. Kwokuzvidira.
2. Vashoma refu, kutsiga ariko.
3. A vashoma vanhu.
4. spatial napedyo yavo.
5. Common siyana maitiro, tsika uye mitemo.
6. Chete kurongwa uye tsika nzira pave nechirango.

Kuwedzera mhuri, kune chikuru munzanga boka rinosanganisira mukirasi, kosi kukoreji, kusangana neshamwari, nhengo yemitambo chikwata, kana kushandiswa Mug. Zviri ichi pedyo yakaurungana vanhu kugamuchira kwavo kwokutanga socialization pokuziva kuti chokuita nenzanga uye nhengo dzayo. In chinonyanya munzanga boka vakaumba pachavo mafungiro wacho, dzematongerwe ake uye nemaitiro kuti kuri kwairi vakura.

mamiriro

The chikuru munzanga mapoka zvinosanganisira vanhu kuti vane ukama zvakananga, uye ukama, pane mukuru nemitemo kana nemirayiro kushandiswa, dzakadai boka chero basa sangano. Naizvozvo, tinogona kuziva chikuru unhu hama ichi:

• Panguva iyi sandara, vanhu kuonesesa mumwe kwete vatakuri munzanga uye chinzvimbo, uyewo vanhu.
• Pakati vanhu unosimbiswa noushamwari ukama: chivimbo, emotive.
• Kuzviona mumwe, ivo teerera hunhu uye nyika chomukati mumwe komuredhi, uye kwete pamusoro kuita basa rake. Somuenzaniso, kana boka ane vakundwa, asi zviri ichigumbura, nemutsa uye tsitsi mukomana, ichava rudo uye kuremekedza pamusoro ndima nevamwe. Panguva iyoyowo anokudza achivenga, kana iye murevi wenhema, rimwe gwara uye sveverera.

In shoko, kuti chikuru munzanga mapoka vanosanganisira vanhu vari nyore kuwana tinzwisisane. Hakuna zvematongerwo mupfungwa kuri muna mureza mitemo uye staffing.

mhuri

Mumiriri chakajeka chezvinhu munzanga boka. Mumwe nemumwe nhengo dzayo ine yayo basa, kare midzi: murume - the pakuriritira mhuri, mukadzi - muchengeti pachoto, vana - akafanira venhaka yose remhuri. Kunyange zvazvo, Sezvambotaurwa, vanhu vari chimiro akadaro akafanana chaizvo, saka zviri nyore kubvuma kuti kuchinja basa. The kupanana mabasa kana zvavo yakawiriranwa complementarity. Mukuwedzera, uwandu mhuri mashandiro dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana munzanga, dzidzo, kukura mumudzimu. The nezveunhu izvi, dzakapfuma upenyu hwemhuri, pamusoro wayo mwero mutsika, upenyu hunakidze.

The chikuru munzanga mapoka zvinosanganisira mhuri, kirasi, Chokwadi, nekuti ndizvo zvavari zvakajeka zvikuru yakaratidzwa STRUCTURAL unhu. Pasinei neizvi, tsvimbo ushamwari zvakare kunyoresa pano: hapana akanyatsorongwa, asi pane pedyo ukama pakati penhengo chikwata. Izvi Zvivako dzinowanikwa zvinodiwa nevanhu, inodziya manzwiro pakati pavo, kukwanisa kukanganwira uye kunzwisisa. Vanhu vari chikuru munzanga boka, Chikurukuru, kudanana. Uye kunyange kana pamusoro nguva ukama pakati pavo kuipa, vanogona kudzosera nyore navo kamwe zvakare kuva kith uye hama.