Kubvarura-kure karenda - imwe enisaikoropidhiya diki nerimwe zuva

MuRoma yekare, mazuva nerimwe romwedzi wokutanga, rinonzi Kalends. Mumazuva ava chikwereti vakanga mukweretesi kubhadhara pamwedzi mubereko. Chii vanonyora mumabhuku, vaimudana makarenda. Saka pakutanga vakanga vasina kuita kuti kuverenga mazuva. Uye kunyanya hapana basa rokudzidzisa riri Musakukurwa.

MuRussia, kare vakanakidzwa mesyatseslove - chokwadi, karenda kereke, iyo, kuwedzera mumazuva kuyeuka yevatsvene denderedzwa mazororo echitendero, chokwadi, pakanga pasina.

Kufanana nezvinhu zvizhinji Russia, karenda hombe wepagore aoneka akavonga kuna Peter I. First rakabudiswa muna 1708, iye achiri kunzi mesyatseslove, asi, zvamazvirokwazvo, zvave vehurumende pane nekarenda Orthodox. Vazhinji ano zvinhu zvadaro kunobva kushamwaridzana Peter I Yakovu Bruce. karenda Bruce haazvibatanidzi pamusoro rezuva uye womudenga kuora kwemwedzi, mashoko zvokurima mabasa, ekunze uye zvirwere, ane zvakawanda anobatsira mashoko munguva idzodzo.

Asi, nhamo, tateguru ichi kure ane hama dziri misodzi-kure karenda rechimanjemanje, pedyo vanhu havana. Muna 1727, chete kodzero wayo bhuku akakunda guta guru (St. Petersburg) Academy of Sciences. Rakabudiswa makarenda mune shanduro duku, imwe neimwe iyo aiendeswa kugutsikana chaicho mukirasi, uye havasi vose rakanga riri muhomwe.

karenda yechipiri akaberekwa pakupera XIX remakore uye chokuita nezita ane entrepreneur, mudzidzisi uye muparidzi Ivan Sytin. Pakazosvika chindingindingi pamusoro Bhuku makarenda iri pamusoro, uye Sytin pakarepo vakabata pamusoro kwakajeka pfungwa. "Calendar Universal", raakanga pasi pamusoro Nizhny Novgorod inoratidzirwa muna 1884, akasika munhu furore. Kutaura zvazviri, mhuri dzose Russian anogona mukana wekuti mutengo kutenga zvakasikwa bhuku zviitiko zvose.

Pashure pokuteerera mashoko uye zano Lva Tolstogo, Sytin akaita zvakawanda padzimwe pakarenda yako, yakananga zvizvarwa vari zvose kuitika misodzi-kure makarenda. Zvakazoitwa Shanduro kubudirira kwakanga serakaoma. Kubva 1885 kusvika 1916 muna Russian Empire, apo kuverenga kwainzi chete chetatu vemo, karenda, kuparadzirwa yakawedzera kubva makopi 6 kusvika mamiriyoni 21. Magazini iyi yakanga zvechokwadi nyika, ake vakachengeta pamusoro ndima neBhaibheri pamusoro payo vakadzidza kuverenga.

Pasi pokutonga Soviet, karenda misodzi-kure zvisinei akaramba ayo anodzidzisa uye dzidzo basa,, nokuda hombe kukurumbira uye mamiriyoni emakopi mariri yokuongororwa kwazvo nezviremera anokonzera dzidziso. Kufanana nevamwe zvibereko kumusoro vaida vazhinji, mumwe mwero karenda misodzi-kure akanga akanyoresa panhengo dhefisiti.

Akanyarara, asi dzinorema uchapupu kukurumbira ake - makobvu kunopindirana notibhuku, umo edu vanasekuru, mhamha nababa pagore pasted clippings dzakabvaruka mapeji-mazuva: mazano uye Recipes, mapatani uye knitting zano, chevana nekudetemberwa uye rengano.

... Rakauya XXI remakore, apo kuratidza mukarenda nekungoti kusundwa serura bhatani kana maviri the clicks imwe kombiyuta mbeva. Unofunga karenda misodzi-kure haisi nevanhu? Zvechokwadi kwete! Achiri yakabereka, uye zvakasiyana-siyana ukapisa murwi nokuti Madzimai epamusha uye vabati vehove, nokuti kubata kugwinya uye dieters, utano, nyeredzi, muriwo, eroottinen ...

Panotova zvirongwa chaiye smartphones, akanyatsokopwa, nenhumbi dzayo mashoko, recreating Zvinoonekwa, yakanga karenda misodzi-kure panguva kana rinonyatsotevedza pana chimwe muzvitanhatu nyika!