Heart mavharuvhu: tsananguro, mamiriro, mabasa uye kuremara

Heart mavharuvhu - mumwe zvinoumba mwoyo womunhu. Rairira basa ravo rinopa kwete chete mashandiro kumwoyo, asiwo yose muviri. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi zvakakosha chaizvo kuziva zvakawanda sei mwoyo mavharuvhu munhu, sei vanoshanda, sei kuti kuziva zviratidzo valvular chirwere.

mwoyo yevanhu

Mwoyo womunhu negomba tsandanyama. It chakaumbwa makamuri mana: kuruboshwe nezvakarurama atrium, kodzero uye akasiya ventricle. The atria kuti ventricles kubatanidzwa bapiro ichibhabhamisa. Mwoyo mutinhimira ipfupi, uye migove ropa achibva atria kusvika ventricles. Semilunar mavharuvhu kubatanidza ventricles nemidziyo ropa ropa vabudiswa pamwoyo kuburikidza umo yeropa uye pulmonary tsinga.

Saka, nepano kurudyi ropa kamuri refu zviri carbon dioxide inobvisa uye mumapapu kuti oxygenation. A ropa kubva mumapapu kuburikidza kurutivi mwoyo rworuboshwe rinodzoserwa muropa. Nechokwadi Kugara kupomba ropa kuburikidza midziyo - chikuru basa kwakaitwa mwoyo.

mwoyo mavharuvhu

The vharafu mudziyo chinodiwa muitiro kupomba ropa. Heart mavharuvhu kubvumira ropa riyerere mugwara uye zvakarurama kwazvo. Mavharuvhu - nayo matanga womukati lining mwoyo tsandanyama. mhando iyi "masuo" ayo akapfuura ropa riyerere munzira imwe chete uye kudzivirira inofamba wayo shure. The mavharuvhu akasvinurira panguva iyo mutinhimira marwadzo mwoyo tsandanyama. Total mumwoyo yevanhu mavharuvhu mana, vaviri bapiro kana maviri semilunar:

1. Bicuspid mitral vharafu.
2. Tricuspid tricuspid vharafu.
3. Semilunar vharafu pamusoro pulmonary hunde. mamwe zita rayo - pulmonary.
4. Semilunar kutsemuka vharafu kana kutsemuka vharafu.

Heart mavharuvhu akazarurwa uye kuvharwa maererano inowirirana rutapudzo pamusoro atria uye ventricles. Kubva zvavo synchronous oparesheni inotsamira dzeropa midziyo, naizvozvo okisijeni saturation womunhu masero muviri.

Shanda vharafu midziyo

Ropa, kuita pamidziyo mumwoyo, inounganidzwa zvakarurama atrium. клапан. Uyezve kunonoka kwayo mberi tricuspid vharafu. Kana anovhura, ropa anopinda zvakanaka ventricle kubva umo akadzingwa kuburikidza pulmonary vharuvhu.

Uyezve, ropa kubuda kuti mapapu kuti oxygenation, uye ipapo rinotungamirirwa kupinda rworuboshwe atrium yacho kuburikidza yeropa vharuvhu. Heart mitral vharafu rinobatanidza kuruboshwe kamuri uye kuchititadzisa ropa riyerere pakati pavo, tichiita kuti pamusaka ropa. Pashure ropa kuyerera kupinda ventricle kuruboshwe uye kuunganidza nayo zvinodiwa huwandu ropa vabudiswa mugomba yeropa kuburikidza kutsemuka vharuvhu. Updated kubva yeropa ropa mberi sangano rayo kuburikidza nhumbi, huchiita kuti okisijeni mumuviri.

Zvokurwara mwoyo mavharuvhu

Jobs vharafu ndiko waidzora ropa riyerere emwoyo. Kana zvakashatirisa mutinhimira rokuizarura nokuvhara vharuvhu midziyo, mwoyo mavharuvhu dzakavharika kana kwete zvakazara akazaruka, zvinogona kukonzera zvakasiyana siyana zvirwere zvakakomba. Yakati kuti ndicho pathologies inozviisa pasi mitral uye kutsemuka mavharuvhu.

Heart zvikanganiso zvakawanda mune vanhu vanopfuura makore matanhatu. Uyezve, mwoyo vharafu chirwere unogona kuva kuomesa necheseri vamwe zvirwere zvinotapuriranwa. Vana vari zvakare kubatwa zvirwere vharuvhu midziyo. Kazhinji, izvi vachiberekwa malformation.

Rakajairika zvirwere zviri kukundikana mwoyo uye stenosis. At kukundikana vharuvhu anovhara zvakasimba, uye chikamu ropa vakadzoka. Akadana stenosis aienda pamusoro vharuvhu, kureva vharuvhu haana kushamisa zvakazara. At moyo zvokurwara iyi kusangana kugara zadzisa sezvo kusunda ropa zvinoda kushanda nesimba.

vharafu prolapse

Heart vharafu prolapse - kunowanzoitika, zvakatemwa nachiremba pamwe zvichemo murwere pamusoro atadze kushanda zvakanaka pakati kumwoyo. Kakawanda chirwere ichi pasi mitral vharuvhu mwoyo. Prolapse kunoitika nekuti connective zvinyama kuremara, sezvamakaropafadzwa vharuvhu aumba. Mugumisiro urema izvi haisi zvizere yakavharwa vharafu uye water drainage ropa rikaitika negwara.

Kuparadzanisa nesekondari vharafu prolapse. Primary prolapse rinoreva vachiberekwa zvirwere, kana connective zvinyama zvikanganiso zviri magene kubatwa. Secondary prolapse kunoitika nokuda zvakuvadza muchipfuva, myocardial infarction kana rheumatism.

Kazhinji, vharuvhu prolapse haabati mutsekwende utano hwevanhu uye nyore kurapwa. Asi mune zvimwe zviitiko, pangava yematambudziko zvakadai arrhythmias (mutinhimira kunetswa mwoyo tsandanyama sunga), kukundikana uye nevamwe. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kurapwa kunodiwa mishonga kana surgically.

Insufficiency uye stenosis of vharuvhu midziyo

Chikuru Chikonzero kukundikana uye stenosis ndiyo rheumatic endocarditis. Beta-hemolytic streptococcus - mhaka kushoma munyika dzinonzi rheumatoid arthritis, mwoyo richisvika ikachinja morphological marongerwo. Somugumisiro kuchinja izvi mumwoyo mavharuvhu vanotanga kushanda zvakasiyana. vharafu masvingo zvingava mupfupi, izvo chinoita mukundikani, kana munhu aienda kuna vharuvhu orifice (stenosis).

Somugumisiro rheumatic nefivhiri kazhinji mitral insufficiency nedzevakuru. Stenosis iri pakanyorwa rheumatic fivha riri pasi kutsemuka kana mitral mwoyo vharafu vana.

Pane here chinonzi "hama kukundikana". zvokurwara Izvi zvinoitika kana vharuvhu mamiriro dzinoramba kuchinja, asi ayo basa iri kwakakanganiswa, ndiro ropa rine kudzoka kutiza. Izvi nokuda atadze mwoyo kuti chibvumirano, nokuwedzera mhango mwoyo yepamusoro uye zvichingodaro. Mwoyo kutadza zvakare kuumbwa kuva kuomesa kwakaita myocardial infarction, kardiosklerosis, namamota mwoyo tsandanyama.

Kushaya anokwanisa kurapa stenosis uye insufficiency kungaita kuti aibuda kukwana ropa, nhengo dzomukati dystrophy, BP.

Zviratidzo Valve chirwere

Symptomatology chemwoyo kunobva kwokuomerwa uye papi zvirwere. Sezvo chirwere kunowedzera mutoro pamusoro pomwoyo. Chero bedzi mwoyo kutsungirira ichi mutoro, chirwere chacho asymptomatic. Zviratidzo chirwere wokutanga zvingasanganisira:

• kupfupika mweya;
• mugari kurova kwehana;
• kakawanda bronchitis;
• marwadzo ari pachipfuva.

In mwoyo kutadza kazhinji zvinoratidza kusava mhepo, uye dzungu. Murwere akasangana simba uye kuneta. Vachiberekwa prolapse of mitral vharuvhu kunoratidzwa muna vana episodic kurwadziwa sternum munguva dzenhamo kana epfungwa. Vawana prolapse iri achiperekedzwa mwoyo palpitations, dzungu, kupfupika mweya, simba.

Zviratidzo izvi zvinogona anoratidzawo pamusoro vegetative-vascular dystonia, kutsemuka aneurysm, chirwere cheBP nezvimwe zvirwere mwoyo. Panyaya iyi, zvinokosha kuti kuongororwa zvakarurama, izvo zvinoratidza kuti atadze kushanda zvakanaka rinopa mwoyo vharafu. Pakurapa chirwere kunobva pachido zvakarurama zvawanikwa.

kuongorora chirwere zvirwere

At chiratidzo mwoyo vharafu chakaremara wokutanga kunofanira kukurumidza kwachiremba. Rubvumo anoitisa chiremba, zvachose chirwere uye inonyorwa kurapwa inotaura rakamanikana nyanzvi - munhu cardiologist. Chiremba anoteerera mwoyo kuziva ruzha, kuongorora nhoroondo chirwere. Uyezve ongororo yaiitwa cardiologist.

Chirwere chemwoyo rinoitwa kushandisa paku nzira. Echocardiogram chidzidzo chikuru tapping vharafu chirwere. Kunoitawo kuti kuyera kukura mumwoyo uye madhipatimendi ayo, kuziva kutyorwa kuri mavharuvhu. Unonzi, electrocardiograph anonyora kwemwoyo, richiratidza arrhythmia, ischemia, cardiac hypertrophy. Maekisirei mwoyo anoratidza Kuchinja gandiwa mwoyo tsandanyama uye kukosha kwayo. The chirwere pamusoro valvular kuchikosha catheterization. A anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma iri akaiswa mugomba tsinga uye waenda mumwoyo, apo anoyera kumanikidza.

Disinfection

Kurapwa kunosanganisira mushonga kugadzirira zvainanga kubviswa zviratidzo uye nani cardiac unongotaura. Kuvhiya kupindira zvainanga kuchinja chimiro vharuvhu kana kuritsiva. Surgery kururamisa chimiro, sezvinoita mutemo, varwere kushivirira nani pane yokutsiva kuvhiyiwa. Uyezve, pashure mwoyo vharafu yokutsiva varwere vakanga raitongwa anticoagulants, izvo zvinoda kuiswa kwoupenyu.

Zvisinei, kana uri kukwanisa rokugadzirisa kuremara vharuvhu, panodikanwa kuti kutsiviwa. Sezvo prosthesis vachishandisa zvemaziso kana chaivo mwoyo vharafu. Mutengo prosthesis kunoenderana munyika mavambo. prostheses Russian vari isingadhuri zvikuru mhiri kwemakungwa.

On pakusarudza mhando chakagadzirwa vharafu kukanganiswa zvinoverengeka. Ndiwo makore murwere, kuvapo zvimwe zvirwere kumwoyo, uyewo kworudzii vharafu anofanira kutsiviwa.

Mechanical anodyara kwenguva yakareba asi zvinoda hwose kugamuchira coagulants. Izvi zvinokonzera matambudziko mu kugadzwa vasikana vavo vanoronga kuti vana mune ramangwana, sezvo negashiro zvinodhaka izvi zviri contraindicated panguva yepamuviri. Kana Kutsiviwa kwemari tricuspid vharuvhu wakaiswa chaivo kudyara, nokuda nzvimbo yepasi iri kuerera mugadziriro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kana kusina zvimwe contraindications, akarumbidza hwokugadza zvokuimba vharafu.