Chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin: kurayira mugadziri

Vanhu anorarama uri nyika iri munharaunda dzakawanda zvipenyu, kusanganisira roga. Kutanga, zviri nemavhairasi uye utachiona. Ndezvokuti, asi izvi minuscule zvinenge chihombe nezvainoita kwevanhu.

Zvishoma pamusoro chimbwamupengo

Munguva kuvapo kwevanhu kwemarudzi yachinja zvinhu zvizhinji: okunze, nzvimbo, magariro inotungamirwa, kubudirira mune zvesayenzi, zvemichina uye mishonga. Zviri nemhaka okupedzisira vanhu havachafaniri vanofa kupararira pandemics, izvo kwakaramba bedzi emakore mashoma apfuura. Asi pane imwe nhamba zvirwere, akaomesa isingarapiki, pasinei zvose zvavaiita. Pakati pavo anomira panze chimbwamupengo.

chirwere ichi chinozivikanwa kwenguva refu kwazvo nguva. Akashandura yakawanda mazita, asi muri chirwere chakaipisisa kumbochinja - zviri zvinouraya. Zvinonzi anokonzerwa ari chimbwamupengo utachiona (chimbwamupengo), izvo kutakura utachiona mhuka. The mate kuti anopinda ronda kuruma yakazara akabatwa pakuderedza, uye kana kwete pakarepo muna zvashata yemapurisa, chirwere nokukurumidza kutamira chinoshingaira kutotanga.

Zita hosha iri chikamu shoko "dhiyabhorosi" - kuti nyanyisa kufunga munhu achirwara kare. Zviratidzo kuitika nezuva regumi. Dzimwe nguva, vakuru incubation nguva runogara kusvika yakawanda, uye mashoma chaizvo nyaya rinowanikwa nemakore. Musimboti hosha iri sezvinotevera: utachiona kunokanganisa uropi uye musana, zvichikonzera chiedza uye hydrophobia, aerophobia, aone zvinhu zvisipo, rutivi rwomuviri uye zvimwe kwazvo zvirwere. Mune mamwe mazwi, munhu haagoni kunwa kana sveta mvura panguva pamberi iyo murwere ipapo anoenda agwinhe uye murwere kuitika kamwe kwetsandanyama kuchangotanga kufamba mhepo. Rufu kunoitika nokuda kuoma kufema tsandanyama uye mwoyo tsandanyama.

Two nzira kudzivirira

Sezvo chirwere iri ichazivikanwa noku zvikuru ngozi uye vanenge 100% dzinouraya vakasuwa kuwana nzira kurapa kana kunyange kudzivirira vanhu vakaedza kwemazana emakore. Mukupera namapfumbamwe remakore, yakakurumbira microbiologist Louis Pasteur vakawanda rabhoritari kwakaita mhuka tega mushonga kuti zvakabatsira kumisa chinouraya chimbwamupengo rwendo mhiri nyika.

Nokufamba kwenguva, masayendisiti akawana neimwe nzira yokubatsira kudzivisa chirwere pamberi kutanga zviratidzo. It chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin. Panguva iyoyo ainzi mishonga - chete chipinganidzo munzira chimbwamupengo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chimbwamupengo mushonga haasi kukwanisa kuparadza utachiona, uyewo wechipiri zvinodhaka. Pfungwa dzavo nokushanda kunobva zvigadziriswe siyana.

The zvinoitwa chimbwamupengo kugadzirira

Saka, chii chinokosha kusiyana pakati mishonga iyi?

Action chimbwamupengo mushonga anobva zvinotevera zano. Pashure kwokubatsira nemavhairasi maantigen muviri anogamuchira zvinodhaka. Zviri rudzi analogue yacho mhenyu utachiona neutralized rine zvose akakodzera mashoko ari pamusoro payo. Zvinonzi kunodiwa kuti kutapata kwenguva chaiyo (anenge 2 weeks) kubudisa yakakwana kuchengetedzwa nzira muviri. Izvi zvinoitika kuburikidza paumbwe dzakananga mapurotini - antibodies. Izvi zvinhu zvose zvakachengetwa panyaya maantigen ose akati utachiona, uye kubatana kungatikanganisa mutumwa kupinda muviri pakarepo kuiparadza. Maererano nenheyo iyi inoshanda yokudzivirira vakawanda. Nokudaro, wakadenha kushingaira kutapata. Nokuti ichi uye vaishandisa chimbwamupengo mushonga.

Chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin anoita chinguva zvakasiyana. With payo, muviri harwuwire akafa nemavhairasi maantigen, uye nomupi antibody. Chokwadi ndechokuti chero basa kutapata anogadzirwa, muviri zvachose kuzvidzivirira pamusoro nechisimba inokuvadza tupukanana. Naizvozvo, murwere chinotarisirwa chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin - imwe gadziriro kunobva munhu kana mhuka ropa (kazhinji mabhiza). Saka, mumuviri awana vazhinji antibodies uye maantigen (medicament yavo rinewo) izvo kubatsira kubudisa pusa kutapata. Zvikurukuru, zvinodhaka zvaishandiswa Kuronga yaisanganisa majekiseni anodzivirira unodiwa.

Kusiyana zvinodhaka inorondedzerwa kuti mushonga inopa yakatsiga zvikuru uye kwenguva refu kutapata, asi pashure penguva yakati, apo kushandisa immunoglobulin yakabereka pakarepo, asi zvinopfuura kudzivirirwa muviri kurwisa utachiwana.

Chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin: Types

Zvichienderana Nezvekwakabva antibodies, kugadzirira iri rakamuka-kamuka mhando mbiri:

• Heterologous.
• Homology.

Chokutanga mhando unonzi "chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin kubva ropa serum kuti mabhiza." Wechipiri - a mishonga inobva ropa revanhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuwedzera uwandu antibodies muropa pazvinhu zvipenyu zvinhu zvakatorwa kubva munhu kare nhomba pamwe chimbwamupengo mushonga. Izvi mhando zvinodhaka anonzi hubudirire uye ngozi pane nzvimbo mhuka. The chipimo chemushonga of homologous kwemarudzi, zvaida kuti majekiseni anodzivirira hafu.

Vakanyorwa mazita mana gadziriro akadai chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin. Mugadziri kwezvatakaitirwa anopfuura rimwe, vaviri zvinodhaka anogadzirwa muRussia ( "BioPharma" FGBU "ARRIAH"), vamwe - mu China (FC "Sichuan Juanda Shuyan"), Israeri ( "Kamada Ltd.") Uye Ukraine ( "Biolek "). Akapiwa mukana chaiwo chirwere uye specificity kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakadaro, Implementation kwavo rinoitwa zvakananga - kubva Pharmacies muzvipatara.

"Rebinolin" - chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin

The mhando zvinodhaka wokutanga inobva kwevanhu biomaterial. Zvinonzi papi somunhu tibudirire masayendisiti. In kuongorora zvivako ayo uye pokushandisa nuances zvakafanira kuti kuteerera pfungwa dzinotevera:

• The chipimo chemushonga fomu. Chimbwamupengo Immunoglobulin (User rinoratidza zvakajeka chokwadi ichi) riri yakajeka kana zvishoma yellowish fuma ine zvishomanana precipitate. gadziriro iyi ine chimiro mhinduro Kutarisirwa intramuscularly kana subcutaneously.
• Zvazvinoita pamusoro muviri. Kwete mazuva asingasviki matatu pashure Kutarisirwa Kunowanzurudza wevasungwa pakati antibody kutaurirwa kuparadzwa chimbwamupengo utachiona. Abviswa muviri, mapuroteni izvi mumwedzi.
• Zvairatidza. Raakapiwa kuonana nemhuka utachiona, izvo achipfeka ikaruma uye ingress mate pasi zvakakanganisa ganda. Nokuiswa mushonga akabatana chimbwamupengo mushonga nokuda yakawiriranwa chisimbiso maturo.
• Zvisingadiwi migumisiro. Sezvo muviri awana imwe mumiriri, maitiro inogona kunyatsonanga kwazvo. Kuwedzera akatsvuka, kuzvimba uye hyperthermia (dzimwe nguva chete kuchengetwa subfebrilitet) yakanyorwa zviitiko pakarepo siyana: angioedema, urticaria kana anaphylactic kuvhunduka. Uyewo pachena pfupi-rokuti kurutsa, uye hypotension.
• Kudyidzana nevamwe mishonga. Haawirirani yokudzivirira ane mhenyu utachiwana tsika. Zvinonzi anobvumirwa kushandisa pachiimbwa nemishonga uye Anti-tetenasi serum.
• Mirayiridzo Special. Panguva pamuviri uye lactation, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka kunobvira, sezvo refu kudzidza muviri womunhu immunoglobulins chiito kunoratidza kuti nemigumisiro pamusoro azvarwa uye amai-mishonga haazovanzwiri.

Chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin kubva serum dzevanhu - inobudirira nzira kudzivisa chimbwamupengo. Ko omerera chokwadi chokuti contraindications zvinodhaka ichi hachisi chipo, sezvo iye anogadzwa Pakuurayiwa zvinokosha zvinodiwa. Uye nokukurumidza munhu dzokai rubatsiro, asi itsige uchava mugumisiro.

Dosing zvinodhaka

Usati kushandisa chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin, murayiridzo Chinyorwa chinoreva algorithm zvinotevera:

• Kwazvo kugeza maronda nemvura inoyerera, sipo uye akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona.
• Pamberi kutanga zvinodhaka chinu tarisa kuvimbika, chitarisiko uye pasherefu upenyu zvinodhaka.
• Chimbwamupengo Immunoglobulin (homology) hunosumwa pamwe kupiwa chipimo chemushonga: 20 Iu paminiti kilogram kurema muviri.
• Zviri nani kana rinenge rose dose chinotarisirwa zvakananga ronda kana yakapoteredza njodzi tishu. Panguva chisingabviri of chiito zvawo kuitwa nenzira intramuscular jekiseni.
• Vana mushonga chinotarisirwa ari pachiuno, mukuru - iri buttock.

Danho rinonzi "Rebinolin" Israeli mavambo. Pasherufu-upenyu zvinodhaka, pasi okuchengetera zvinhu - 2 years. Ndinoda immunoglobulin iri zvachose wairambidza. Zvinobvumidzwa okuchengetera tembiricha - kubva 2 kusvika 8 ⁰S.

An Integrated kusvika

Kazhinji, chero mhando immunoglobulin chinotarisirwa ane Anti-chimbwamupengo mushonga. Panyaya iyi, pane pfungwa shoma kuti zvechokwadi kuteerera:

• Nhanganyaya chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin inoitwa kunoparirwa pamberi pokushandisa mushonga (pakati gadziriro dzinopaza - maminitsi 30).
• Kushandisa zvokushandisa kusarudza dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri, idzo kure sezvinobvira nepedyo. Somuenzaniso, immunoglobulin - iri buttock kuruboshwe, uye mushonga - mune deltoid tsandanyama kurudyi.
• Syringes nokuti zvinodhaka inofanira zvakasiyana.
• mishonga Intravenous haina chinotarisirwa.
• Kuwedzera uwandu husingakuvadzi kuti chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin haina inokurudzirwa.

The mushonga pazvikanganiso chaivo zvinhu mhuka

"Chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin kubva bhiza serum" kunotaurwa kune heterologous chimiro (mvura). It anonzi zvishoma wakachengeteka nokuti chaizvo mapuroteni kuti rine, zvinogona kukonzera nezvimwewo zvinoitwa nhengo. Panguva iyoyowo, kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka, inobva kwevanhu biomaterial, vachiri kunyarara akashivirira. Saka, asati kushandisa heterologous immunoglobulin compulsorily vanopedza intradermal bvunzo ari honokono. Kana pashure maminitsi 20 hapana edema chakakomba kana akatsvuka, ipapo rakasanganiswa dzakabatwa immunoglobulin (1: 100 mhinduro) subcutaneously. Yakanga chete pashure kweawa kana mharidzo achiri akaipa, vachishandisa Zvakasara zvinodhaka. Uyezve, kwete zvakananga, asi zvinotevera zano: nenharo mugove chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin dose chinotarisirwa munzvimbo ronda nharaunda pashure maminitsi 15 humwe mugove kutaurwa kupinda zvinyama akapoteredza ronda. Kana anatomical zviri kuruma haabvumiri kuti kushandisa yose chinu iri nedambudziko nzvimbo, vamwe inoshandiswa nokuda intramuscular jekiseni. The yose nzira zvinotora inenge awa.

Kana kushandiswa majekiseni anodzivirira heterologous chimbwamupengo immunoglobulin kurairirwa inoti kuvapo zvakanaka ivhu asati zvinodhaka kutarisira varwere antihistamines uye zvinoshandiswa kudzivisa kuvhunduka epinephrine mhinduro.

Mumwe musiyano uyu kubva yapfuura - chipimo chemushonga ichi. Rinoreva pahwaro bhiza serum inoshandiswa zviviri kuwedzera dose (40 Iu pa kilogram muviri uremu).

chimbwamupengo mushonga

Panguva iyi munharaunda yacho Russian Federation vakanyorwa 5 mishonga mumhuri kugadzirwa uye mumwe - Indian. The mushonga unoitwa segirazi ndiro wakakwana kwakadonhera mvura uye ine inactivated chimbwamupengo utachiwana. Pashure reconstitution, zvinoita sokunge munhu blue kana Hauoneki zvokunwa. pane nuances zvakakosha apo uchishandisa turusi:

• Pakatanga fanira zvaidiwa mitemo zvakafanira antiseptics uye kubaya nzvimbo inofanira vakapakata protivosokovmi uye zvinodhaka kupiwa mishonga. Pashure dilution Unotenderwa kuchengeta chimbwamupengo mushonga haasi maminitsi anopfuura 5.
• Hafu yeawa pashure homologous immunoglobulin anobvumirwa kushandisa yokudzivirira wakatangwa.
• The mushonga chinotarisirwa mu pechidya nzvimbo (vana anosvika 5 years) kana deltoid tsandanyama pamusoro pamafudzi nebhanhire. Kushandisa zvinodhaka zviri magaro ari zvachose wairambidza.
• Murwere anofanira kuva pasi pokudzora vanachiremba vanenge awa pashure nzira.

The mhando majekiseni anodzivirira

Kune mhando mbiri majekiseni anodzivirira: kudzivirira uye kurapwa uye kudzivirira. First anoshandisa kana munhu akaita zvinhu nengozi apo mukuru mukana chimbwamupengo. It vavhimi, huntsmen, vashandi bacteriological mumarabhoritari, Veterinarians. Chechipiri mhando rinoshandisirwa zvakananga pashure kuonana mhuka vanorwara. Both dzakasiyana vane zvimwe algorithm kuuraya. Uyezve matunhu pane imwe musiyano pakati mhando izvi. Kana rokutanga angava contraindication chirwere iri rikwanise danho kana pamuviri, kuti majekiseni anodzivirira wechipiri rinoitwa nomudzimu inokosha mhando zvairatidza.

kubaya vanoronga

Kwakajairika majekiseni anodzivirira zano riri sezvinotevera:

1. Kana kuonana hunhu kunosanganisira non-chakakomba ganda maronda - anokwenya, zviduku ikaruma, anokwenya, kana inonanzva uyewo dzinovaraidza, uye izvi zvose zviri kukuvadza ari hunde uye maoko nemakumbo, munhu nhomba pakarepo mushure processing kukuvara. A chete dose kuti chimbwamupengo mushonga uri 1 Rine mamiririta. Majekiseni anodzivirira rinoitwa neZvapupu ikoko, uye zvakare, 3, 7, 14, 30 uye rechi90 zuva. Zano rinogona kushandurwa, kana mhuka pasi pakuongorora, kwete kuurayiwa, kana haana kuzarura chimbwamupengo utachiwana. Muchiitiko chino, hakugumiri kuti nekatatu mushonga kutarisira.
2. Chero kukuvara mumusoro, mutsipa, maoko, sikarudzi, zviziso zvemakumbo uye minwe, akuvadzwa dzinovaraidza, uyewo kana inonanzva kana vakawana dzomusango, nemakonzo uye zviremwaremwa, zvinoda pakarepo nzwisisika matanho. Pazuva kunyorerana risati kwokubatsira chimbwamupengo mushonga kushandiswa tichisunga immunoglobulin jekiseni, kunze maererano nemirau kumusoro. Uyezve, majekiseni anodzivirira rinoitwa tichienzanisa muitiro.

Nezvikonzero zvoutano

Mutsara uyu kakawanda vanzwa muhofisi yachiremba kana munharaunda kumawadhi chipatara, saka kujaira zvose. Asi munyama chose, vanhu dzimwe nguva vanowanzopedzisira kukanganwa sei anokosha upenyu hwevanhu. Zuva nezuva kuona kunyemwerera mwana wake, kuti inzwi ramai vangu vari chubhu, takatarisa kutiza kweshiri - zvose zvakadaro vanhuwo, kuti ari kuongwa. Yakanga chete kana imba iri achigogodza dambudziko, vanhu nezvazvo. Zvichengetedze uye vaunoda, uye panyaya ngozi kunonoka kutsvaka rubatsiro.