Chii chitendero netsika dzavanhu reIndia?

Hindustan - a kweItari iri kumaodzanyemba Asia ndiro chikamu reIndia. On Peninsula musha vakawanda vanhu kuva marudzi akasiyana uye madzinza, pamwe mitauro uye vanoti dzidziso dzechitendero dzakasiyana.

The chetsika dzechivanhu avanhu reIndia - Asi chitendero, sezvo panguva Kuvapo ichi nharaunda uye kwemakore mashanu zvemakore zvenhoroondo chouhedheni, animism, vanamwari uye monotheistic zvaunotenda zvakasiyana-siyana uye aivhengana.

Kubva Budiriro pamusoro Mohenjo-daro kuti mapoka Great Britain

Peninsula yagara inogarwa nevanhu - nyaya kwokuchinja epochs uye dzomunyika dzinogona kurondwa kubvira neolithic. Tanga kugarwa pano ane makore anofungidzirwa 20 zviuru. BC Zviri pamusoro Mohenjo-daro - mumwe mukuru nemisha pachena.

Maererano mamwe masayendisiti, rezasi akaturikidzana muguta akazviratidza munzvimbo 20-15 chemakore BC, kunyange pamutemo musi pakuonekwa nzvimbo - makore 2600 asati aberekwa Kristu. Chii chitendero netsika dzavanhu reIndia iyoyo? Ndipo nguva chitarisiko chiHindu, iyo yakaumbwa pachishandiswa pamusoro ibudirire pakati Harappa uye Dravidians.

Kubvira ipapo, uye kuti nguva yedu pamusoro reIndia rinogarwa marudzi akasiyana enzvimbo Dravid, kutaura mitauro yose Dravidian boka Veddas (zvichida ndivo vanhu vakawanda vekare South India), kusunda mutauro. Kuwedzera kune izvi, paivawo vamiririri mundskoy uye Tibeto-Burman mutauro mhuri , uye vamwe.

Gare gare, pashure kusvika Aryans mudunhu, zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuumba vanhu vakaderera hurongwa. Zvichienderana dzidziso karma, ave akaparadzanisa vanhu kupinda zvese, zvishoma nezvishoma kuva muronga uye aoma.

Panguva political pamwero munzvimbo panguva dzakasiyana kuparadzira simba rayo rakawanda umambo uye umambo, kusanganisira Indo-Greek, Indo-Saka, Kushan Empire, Empire Gupta uye vaHarishaa, Magandha nevamwe. The chitendero netsika dzavanhu reIndia panguva chiHindu, chiBuddha, mune dzimwe nzvimbo - zvechihedheni.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, nzvimbo Peninsula, kuenda nomunguva kukunda Aleksandrom Makedonskim, paumbwe uye kukura kwakaita kwechiIslam States uye Empire of Mughals Great, akava muhutongi Great Britain.

Awana rusununguko kubva kuBritain, reIndia yakakamurwa kuva nhatu akazvimirira rinoti: pano ndiyo nzvimbo Pakinstana, Bangladesh uye chikamu India.

The chitendero netsika dzavanhu reIndia

The Kudeuka echitendero dzidziso matatu munharaunda ino - chiHindu, chiIslam uye chiBuddha. Mukuwedzera vane mugove vateveri chiJain, Sikhism, Animism. ChiHindu - chitendero kupfuura chinyakare avanhu reIndia: zvakaitika 3rd chemakore BC. pamusoro nheyo imwe dzidziso zvakatonyanya yekare. Sezvo ino kutenda gadziriro midzi Vedic, harapskuyu uye Dravidian budiriro, riri kuonekwa mukuru munyika.

Havazivi chimwe tsime kana muvambi chiHindu, hapana kunyange dzidziso zvakafanana kana tsika. Kutaura zvazviri, imwe mhuri zvitendero, raro dzakasiyana siyana inorangarira mono-, poly- uye pantheism, monism uye kunyange kusatendera.

ChiBuddha, chiJain uye Sikhism

zvimwe zvitendero zviviri, uyewo chokuita chinyakare kuti nharaunda iyi - ndiye chiBhudha uye chiJain. Hakuna haisi kuzivikanwa mune chero ano inoti Peninsula, asi yakawanda vateveri uye vokutanga uye wechipiri.

ChiBhudha yakatanga munenge muzana remakore rechipiri BC mu Pamusoro pokumuka mumwe dzenzvimbo ayo, Mahayana, akanga zvikuru nokuda yeGirisi wechiBuddha tsika. Saka, zviri chitendero zvikuru zvetsika avanhu reIndia, aigara mune yava kuchamhembe-yokumadokero Pakistan (yeGirisi wechiBuddha tsika akauya semubairo nokusanganisa Indian, Central Asian, Persian uye nechiGiriki uye vakava kuna 5th remakore BC pamusoro nyika mabvazuva Afghanistan uye kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero Pakistan).

ChiJain uye Sikhism dzakatangira 9-6 emakore BC. e. uye muzana remakore rechi15 AD, ukuwo. Nepo wokutanga vavo vakura zvikuru, vose vakaita basa rinokosha munhoroondo yacho.

Iziramu

Chii chitendero yavanhu reIndia anogona kukwikwidzana ChiHindu? Mhinduro - Islam. Kuti ichi chinhu monotheistic kutenda gadziriro, vachiuya kuti nharaunda iri nedanho kukunda, kubvira VIII remakore.

Islam ndiro kudavira wemuTesitamende Pakistan uye Bangladesh. Zviri mudiki, asi vari pakati zvikuru zvitendero kwemazana emakore.