"Chamber" - iri ... The kamera pamwe kudhindwa pakarepo kubva kambani Polaroid: tsananguro, mutengo

Stories pamusoro zvizivikanwe, "Polaroid" - zviri zvikuru zvinofadza, asi kunyanya kusetsa nyaya basa avo vakaziva mumabhizimisi sezvo nemateru nezvisingafadzi. To musi, nyaya iyi iri kukurukurwa harisi kutoshanda sezvo zvakanga zvaitwa kare, asi achiri kwayo mukurumbira uye muchiso zvivezwa ichi mhando havana kurasa.

nyaya

Zvino vose vanoziva kuti "Polaroid" - icho kambani American mubasa zvaAtemisi Photographic zvokushandisa, Sunglasses, uyewo nevatengi Electronics. Asi kwete vose anoziva nyaya yacho zvizivikanwe, asi nokuda mafeni yacho chigadzirwa mashoko ichi zvakakosha.

Chekambani muvambi aiva American nezita Edwin Land, uyo akaberekwa muna 1909 muguta Bridgeport. pakutanga vabereki vake vaigara Russian Empire (zvino muUkraine), asi nokuda ezvinhu asingazivikanwi vakamanikidzwa kutamira kune America.

Edwin Land vasingazivi chii urombo ndiko, nekuti vabereki vake nguva dzose vane mari yakakwana kwerunyararo mwana uye vakadzikama dzidzo. Saka hazvishamisi kuti mukomana, kufarira optics pauduku vaiva vokutanga kufunga rakasikwa zvinhu kushamisa nyika.

The-Gore 17 jaya wekare akauya pamwe pfungwa pakusika itsva lenses polarizing, rakagadzirirwa Automotive headlights. Maererano naye, zvinogona kuvandudza mugwagwa jekeso usiku, kwete bofu panguva imwe chete kurwisana motokari. Achirasa University uye akatamira New York, Land akazvipira zvakakwana zvakasikwa kuti inobudisa filters.

Edwin Land ndiye munhu wokutanga munyika kushandisa nheyo polarization, iyo yava sohunobishairira kushandiswa pakasikwa tafura mwenje, magirazi-dimensional matatu chokwadi, uye zvichingodaro.

startup

Chete muna 1937, Edwin mabasa vakawana dzokutengesa kushanda. Maiva mugore rino, uye zvose rinozivikanwa zvakasimba "Polaroid" akasikwa. Kugadzirwa Iyi ndiyo nguva yokutanga nokuvapo haina mubasa kukura uye kugadzirwa muchiedza makamera, uye wokutanga chaizvo zvigadzirwa vaiva Sunglasses uye inobudisa magirazi vane rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana siyana kuti uto michina nezvimwe namano.

About sei tinorasikirwa, "Polaroid" sezvo hachizi, Musiki haana kufunga, nekuti akanga mabasa kukosha. On the kugadzirwa nzvimbo inoti kuti akasimba aiva chokuita nyaya muchiedza yakatarwa chiratidzo usiku mano, X-ray firimu uye zvichingodaro. Ndinotenda mashoko aya haasi kuoma, nekuti upenyu hwake Land yose akakwanisa bvumidzwa vakawanda zvigadzirwa (vanopfuura 500). Modern dzekare vanoti zvakawanda utsanzi kwave vakasikwa Thomas Edison chete.

Nakisisa kubudirira vakabatsira mberi kwesayenzi uye mabhizimisi yesimbi acumen. By Edwin akatonga kwemakore 43.

Photo paminiti

Maererano nengano, pakusikwa kamera "Polaroid" - pfungwa mwanasikana boka muvambi, izvo kwakaita kuti wakadaro kubudirira, sezvo anenge kuchangotanga. The musikana muduku chete akabvunza baba vangu mubvunzo pamusoro nei vanhu havagoni chigadzirirai mapikicha mushure bara zvakanaka. Panguva iyoyowo Land zvakakomba nezvekurara mubvunzo uyu, uye akabva aifanira kufunga, uye tsvimbo yake.

Muna 1948 iye akapa wokutanga kugadzirwa kamera chinozadzisa Snapshots. Mumwe mufananidzo Takauyira $ 1, iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva mazakwatira, nokuti cartridges vari "Polaroid" zvakaitwa yakagozha Michina kuti yakasiyana vanhasi.

Kunyange pasinei kwemitengo, zvibereko muchiso uyu kudiwa kukuru. Nechekare muna 1963, Landy akanga paakavapa Presidential menduru Worusununguko.

Rise ane Empire

"Chamber" kamera muenzaniso itsva muna 1972. The kamera ndiye wokutanga zvizere "motorized" muenzaniso kuti inoita ruvara mapikicha uye haatarisiri chaiwo aiming.

Kubvira panguva iyoyo, muenzaniso kunova zvakanyanya, uye mutengo - zvishoma. Zviri pedyo makore 80-fung kuti kamera "Polaroid" (zvekare shanduro uye shanduro itsva) akava akakurumbira mudziyo kusika mifananidzo. Kugadzirwa ichi kunyange nhasi nostalgically anoyeuka kwete chete yose America, asi akawanda dzimwe nyika.

Panoperera pakati 70s vakanga achiunganidza makore, sezvo kugadzirwa "Kodak" akakwanisa kupfuura "Polaroid" (kamera). The kambani itsva akazivisa kamera chawo uyewo akagadzirirwa Snapshots. Asi Land haana mapenzi, saka nguva kunokumbira Copyright kukanganisa. The kutongwa kwemakore anenge gumi, asi pakupedzisira zvakasimba "Kodak" akanga kubhadhara akuvara Verengai inopfuura $ mamiriyoni 600 kunodiwa.

Nokukurumidza vakawira uye kugadzirwa pacharo, "Kodak" uye shure nokubwinya kunyatsova "Polaroid". Pakarepo Mufananidzo zvakare dzakakurumbira, asi havabudiriri nguva ino, chihombe kuwedzera.

madokero Empire

Zvinozivikanwa kuti kunyange zvikuru vanhu vanogona kuita zvikanganiso, uye panyaya iyi, Edwin Land ndozvakaitikawo. chikanganiso chake chikuru chaiva kuti mumakore 80 ayo kugadzirwa vaitova prototypes pamusoro digitaalinen makamera, asi akasarudza kuti kambani harizoiti mhirizhonga Electronics.

Nechekare muna 1996, boka yakatanga ayo digitaalinen kamera wokutanga, asi zvakanga vanyanyononoka. Young yemakambani kubva kunyika dzakasiyana akakwanisa kubvuta chiito ipapa uye pamberi US kugadzirwa.

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi21 "Polaroid" vaisagona kukodzera kukwikwidzana nevamwe Vagadziri Photographic zvokushandisa, saka muna 2001 akatanga nenguva kusauka.

How kuzhinji "Polaroid" nhasi

Pari, mutengo makamera ano mukakachurwa kukwira 3000-5000 rubles. Cartridges nokuti "Polaroid", kunyange vakasikwa nyore muitiro, kuchine zvikuru mutengo - 1000-2000 rubles.

Kutenga kamera anogona kuva munhu, sezvo vakawanda paIndaneti muzvitoro kupa zvigadzirwa izvi.

Modern chamber Snap

The rinofarirwa kupfuura muenzaniso nokure Polaroid Snap, mutengo kusvika $ 100. Chinhu 10-megapixel kamera, apo dzakakurumbira revatema aidhinda Zink, achivaratidza mufananidzo pamwe kukura 7.6 X 5 masendimita pakarepo mushure Snapshot. Kunze ndechokuti mudziyo anopa rakapedzwa mufananidzo, uyewo anoponesa mufananidzo mune zvemagetsi chimiro.

Vakai uye Design

The kamera pachayo akanyudzwa mune rectangular epurasitiki casing. The mudziyo une kukura 122 X 76 X 28 uye pakurema kwayo ndiko magiramu anenge 400. The kamera rwokuchengeta zvikuru nyore kunyange mune ruoko duku kana kupfura. Asi kuitira kudzivirira chikwata kubva vachidonhedzera nani kushandisa ngaasungirire chaiyo wanamatira.

Pakutanga kamera akasikwa ose Amenities uye kunonyanyisa nyore, saka okunze kuderedza payo vakasvimha.

Kurutivi rworuboshwe pane slots kuti ndangariro kadhi, uyewo chengarava nokuda mundiro. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzomunyika ndangariro ndiyo chete zvokuti kunyora uye kudhinda chifananidzo chete, saka kutenga mamwe kuyeukwa kadhi vacharamba vane.

On rwemberi chikamu pane tireyi 10 zvakafanira bepa machira. The Prints kubuda yavo zvikuru akagadzirirwa slots ichi riri kurudyi kuguma kamuri. Kumusoro musuo, kune vatatu chiedza zviratidzo kuratidza mamiriro ari bhatiri, ndangariro kadhi nebepa. Nokuda uhwu vanozvishandisa ano haagoni nechokwadi unhu uye zvivanakire kamera.